• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.67-69
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• 1996

Some physical properties and inorganic components of sap from sponge-gourd(Luffa cylindrica L.) were investigated for their changes affected as collection time. Huter valves, pH, turbidity and viscosity of the sap were not different. pH value was indicated at slightly alkalinity and decreased by culturing period. Potassium, calcium and magnesium were major inorganic components of the sap and podium, zinc and iron were minor components. Copper was not detected in open culturing and also manganes way not detected in all samples.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.701-707
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• 2016

The charantin contents of leaves, stems, female and male flowers, and fruits in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) were analyzed at different harvest seasons to investigate the availability of potential edible parts other than fruits. The charantin contents of fruits ranged from 14.7 to $16.0mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry weight (DW) and those of leaves ranged from 131.4 to $138.0mg{\cdot}g^{-1}DW$, which was eight times higher than in fruits. The charantin contents of female and male flowers and stems were also significantly higher than those of the fruits. The ratio of total charantin content was highest in leaves (48%) of DW, followed by female flowers (20-21%), male flowers (14%), stems (12-13%), and fruits (5%). The charantin contents of fruits harvested 14 days after fruit setting was higher in June to mid-July (20.2 to $23.3mg{\cdot}g^{-1}DW$) than in late July to late August (13.3 to $19.4mg{\cdot}g^{-1}DW$). The higher the fruit weight, the lower the charantin contents, which showed that a negative correlation exists between fruit weight and charantin contents in bitter gourd. These results suggest that to obtain bitter gourd fruits with high charantin contents, fruits should be harvested until mid-July when fruit growth is fast and temperature is high. In addition, leaves, stems, and female and male flowers of bitter gourd can be used as for food, which are known to reduce blood sugar level.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.96-102
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• 2020

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum is a devastating disease limiting production of watermelon in Korea. The best way to control diseases is to use resistant gourd rootstock on watermelon. This study was conducted to establish an efficient screening method for resistant bottle gourd to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lagenaria. To develop an efficient inoculation method, incubation temperature after inoculation (15, 20, 25, and 30℃), inoculum concentration (1 × 10⁵, 5 × 10⁵, 1 × 10⁶, and 5 × 10⁶ conidia·mL^-1), and growth stages of seedlings (7, 10, 13, and 16 days) was investigated. Disease development of Fusarium wilt of bottle gourd was little affected by differences in incubation temperature and growth stages of seedlings. But resistant lines were more susceptible and appeared more severe symptoms at the higher inoculation level. Taken together, we suggest that an effective screening method for resistant gourd plant to Fusarium wilt is to dip the roots of 10-day old seedlings in spore suspension of 1 × 10⁵ - 1 × 10⁶ conidia·mL^-1, for 30 min, to transplant the seedlings into a non-infected soil, and then to incubate the inoculated plants in a growth room at 25℃ for 3 weeks to develop Fusarium wilt.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2000

In order to establish a micropropagation system for buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima ) and common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca), the effects of several plant growth regulators and culture temperature on shoot multiplication and rooting were investigated. In buffalo gourd, the greatest number of shoot from shoot tip culture and well growth of formed shoot were obtained on the MIS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.3 or 0.6 mg/L IAA. Whereas kinetin and 2iP were not effective for shoot multiplication in vitro. It was found that 22$^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ were suitable for shoot multiplication. Roots were easily formed by the addition of auxins, especially 1.0 or 2.0 mg/L IBA and 2.0 mg/L IAA. Over 90% of plants survived successfully after being transferred into the field. In common milkweed, BA was more effective than kinetin or 2iP for its micropropagation in vitro. The increased shoot weight and number of nodes per shoot were obtained on the medium containing 3.0 mg/L BA and 0.3 or 0.6 mg/L IAA. But 2iP promoted the shoot elongation. In addition. common milkweed was sensitive to culture temperature in vitro. Temperature around 22$^{\circ}C$ was favorable for shoot multiplication and growth, whereas temperature higher than $25^{\circ}C$ usually reduced the rate of shoot survival rate.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1117-1123
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• 2003

The effects of heat treatment on the physical and physical and physiological properties of wax gourd (Benincasa hispida) were examined. The applied heat treatments were autoclaved at $121^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr, boiled for 30 min, and microwaved at 680 W for 5 min. The water retention capacity (WRC) of the wax gourds was 9.43 g/g for the microwaved samples, 5.12 g/g for the boiled samples, 4.63 g/g for the raw samples, and 2.61 g/g for the autoclaved samples. Heat treatment caused to increase swelling by up to $4.4{\sim}7.8\;mL/g$. Calcium binding capacity of heat-treated wax gourd increased in the order of microwaved, boiled, raw, autoclaved samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SME) showed that autoclaving caused the most severe structural modifications, while microwave treatment produced the least modifications. The retarding effect on glucose and bile acid transport depended on the heat treatment. Only boiling showed the glucose retardation effect. Bile acid retardation effect increased in order of boiling (22.9%), autoclaving (17.1%), microwave treatment (14.3%), and raw wax gourd (8.6%). The cadmium retardation effect was significantly high in all samples.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.702-709
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• 2014

Luffa cylindrica Roem (sponge gourd) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family and has been cultivated as an ornamental plant in Korea. Recently, its cultivation area has been increased with an increase in demand for it as an ingredient in cosmetics, herbal medicines, and health supplements. We analyzed inorganic components of sap collected from land race sponge gourds. We also measured antioxidant enzyme activities and antimicrobial activities of the plant, seed, and sap to examine functional properties of sponge gourd. The sap of the sponge gourd contained high levels of K, Ca, P, and Mg, with the most abundant mineral in the sap being K ($470mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$). The amounts of Ca and Mg were 2 and 1.7 times more than those found in cucumber (Cucumis sativus), respectively. Ascorbate peroxidase was more active than catalase and superoxide dismutase in various plant parts of sponge gourd. Antioxidant activities were much lower in stems than in other plant parts such as leaves, roots, flowers, fruits, seeds, and sap. In addition, sap showed a very low level of antimicrobial activity against two food-borne pathogens, Vibrio parahaemdyticus and Propionibacterium acne, and none against the other eight tested food-borne pathogens. Antimicrobial activities against Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur, which causes dermatitis, appeared to be higher in sap than in other parts of sponge gourd plants. Overall, the antimicrobial activity against Malassezia furfur appeared to be higher than against Candida albicans.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.193-203
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• 1977

Three sterol fractions; 4-desmethyl-, 4-monomethyl-, and 4,4-dimethylsterol, separated by thin layer chromatography from the unsaponifiables of five Cucurbitaceae (cucumber, watermelon, sponge cucumber, gourd and snake gourd) seed oils were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and combined gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. ${\alpha}$-Spinasterol, ${\Delta}^{7,22,25}$-stigmastatrienol and ${\Delta}^{7,25}$-stigmastadienol isolated from the 4-desmethylsterol fraction were identified by IR, NMR and mass spectrometry.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.399-403
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• 2021

Stem blight symptoms were observed in greenhouse-grown bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) in Wanju, Korea. Infected plants showed leaf chlorosis and wilting; the plants eventually died with the infected leaves remaining attached, and black sclerotia formed on the diseased stem. Based on the morphological characteristics and pathogenicity results and sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-α, β-tubulin, and calmodulin regions, the isolated fungus was Macrophomina phaseolina. This is the first report of charcoal rot in Lagenaria siceraria caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.71-79
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.74-76
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• 2001