• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권10호
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• pp.1491-1499
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• 2014

본 연구는 복분자 미숙과 물 추출물과 홍삼농축액으로 C57BL/6J 수컷 마우스를 이용하여 콜레스테롤 억제 효과 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 기능성 식품으로의 가능성을 알아보았다. 실험동물은 C57BL/6J 수컷 마우스를 사용하였으며, 12주 동안 고콜레스테롤 식이를 급여하면서 복분자 미숙과 물 추출물과 홍삼농축액을 경구투여 하였다. 그 결과로 고콜레스테롤 식이군과 비교하였을 때 복분자 미숙과 추출물과 홍삼농축액 식이군에서 체중증가량, 식이 섭취량에는 변화가 없었다. 콜레스테롤 합성의 가장 중요한 기작인 LDL receptor와 SREBP2 발현에서는 복분자 미숙과 추출물 투여군과 복분자와 홍삼 복합 투여군 모두 유의적으로 증가하여 세포 안으로의 LDL 흡수를 촉진시킴으로써 체내 콜레스테롤을 낮추는 것으로 판단된다. HDL 관련 유전자 발현에서도 복분자 미숙과 추출물 투여군과 복분자와 홍삼 복합 투여군에서 HDL uptake 유전자인 SR-B1의 발현을 증가시켜 콜레스테롤 개선 효과를 보였다. 또한 간의 형태학적 변화에서는 고콜레스테롤 식이군과 비교하였을 때 복분자 미숙과 물 추출물과 홍삼농축액 복합 투여군에서 지방 형성이 현저히 줄어들었고, leptin과 FAS의 농도를 측정한 결과 유의적으로 감소하였다. 결과적으로 복분자 미숙과 물 추출물과 홍삼농축액 복합 투여가 콜레스테롤과 고지혈증 예방에 긍정적인 효과를 보일 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2014

본 연구는 복분자 미숙과 물 추출물이 in vivo에서 지질대사 및 산화적 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 기능성 식품으로서의 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 실험동물은 C57BL/6J mouse를 사용하였으며, 12주 동안 고지질 식이를 급이하면서, 복분자 미숙과 물 추출물을 경구 투여하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 고지질대조군과 비교하였을 때, 복분자 미숙과 첨가군에서 체중증가량, 식이효율이 모두 감소되었고, 혈중 콜레스테롤 및 LDL-콜레스테롤의 농도를 유의성 있게 감소시켰을 뿐만 아니라 간 조직에서 총콜레스테롤의 함량이 유의적으로 감소됨을 확인하였다. 콜레스테롤 합성의 가장 중요한 기작인 LDL receptor와 SREBP2의 활성을 증가시킴으로써, 세포 안으로의 LDL 흡수를 촉진하였고, HMG-CoA reductase의 유전자 발현이 증가되면서 체내 콜레스테롤을 조절하며, ABCA1의 활성화로 인해, 콜레스테롤의 배출을 증가시키는 결과를 도출하였다. 또한, 간조직의 지질산화수준(TBARS)을 유의적으로 감소시켰으며, ox-LDL관련 유전자인 CD36을 억제함으로써, 동맥경화를 예방할 것으로 기대한다. 간의 형태학적 변화를 관찰해본 결과, 고지질대조군에 비하여 지방형성이 현저히 줄어들었음을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 복분자 미숙과 물 추출물이 콜레스테롤의 생합성과 배출 및 산화적 스트레스를 조절하여 고지질 및 동맥경화 질환 예방에 긍정적인 효과를 미치는 것으로 사료된다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to analyze how much economic impact is changed before and after the designation as biosphere reserve area by tourism. The subject region of this study is Hajun mud village which is the famous place to experience eco-tourism located in Gochang-gun. This region has been designated as a UNESCO biosphere reserve in 2013. In order to estimate the regional economic effects, we employ a regional input-output model which is derived by a RAS method. Using regional input-output model analysis, this study estimates direct and indirect effects of tourist's expenditure on experience of Hajun mud village in Gochang-gun across associated industries between 2011 and 2013. Also, we tried to calculate a net increase in number of visitors in 2013 with considering the trend of tourist in this region and estimate a net regional economic effect after the designation as a biosphere reserve area by tourism. The empirical result could be summarized as follows : (1) the change of production inducement effect shows that regional outputs is approximately increased by 386 million won between 2011 and 2013, (2) regional value-added is increased by 223 million won during the same period, (3) regional employment is approximately increased by 20 according to the labor inducement effects of expanding tourist's expenditure in biosphere reserve area. (4) social service industry has highly been benefited by increase in experience tourist after Gochang-gun was designated as the biosphere reserve area. (5) estimated net increase in number of visitors after the designation as biosphere reserve area is about 37,364 which is 93.4% of the absolute increase in number of visitors amounting 40,011 between 2011 and 2013.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2012

This study was carried out to evaluate biological activities concerning extracts according to extraction methods from unripened fruit of Rubus coreanus Miq. The extraction methods were HWE (hot water extraction for 4 hr at $100^{\circ}C$), SFE (extraction for 3 hr at $40^{\circ}C$ under 300 bar, 100% of $CO_2$ fluid), USE (ultrasonification extraction for 4 hr at $50^{\circ}C$ with water), USE+HWE (hot water extraction for 2 hr at $100^{\circ}C$ after ultrasonification process for 2 hr), VE (vacuum extraction for 4 hr at $90^{\circ}C$ under 0.9 bar with water). VE extract showed the highest contents of total polyphenol ($178.78{\pm}3.79\;mg/g$) and total flavonoid ($40.93{\pm}0.68\;mg/g$). $IC_{50}$ values of DPPH radical scavenging activity, linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition activity and LDL (low density lipoprotein) oxidation inhibition activity of HWE extract showed the lowest $35.39{\pm}0.25{\mu}g/mL$, $12.61{\pm}0.31{\mu}g/mL$ and $1.31{\pm}0.02{\mu}g/mL$ among other all extracts, respectively. $IC_{50}$ values of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of VE and HWE extracts showed lower $14.34{\pm}0.20{\mu}g/mL$ and $15.83{\pm}0.20{\mu}g/mL$ than those of other extracts, respectively. Specifically, HWE and VE extracts have relatively better biological activities than other extracts; these could be potentially used as a bioactive source for health functional foods.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2020

Gymnophallid metacercariae found in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum ('Banjirak' in Korean) from Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to be Parvatrema duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974. The metacercariae were morphologically characterized by having a large oral sucker, small ventral sucker, genital pore some distance anterior to the ventral sucker, no ventral pit, and 1 compact or slightly lobed vitellarium, which were all compatible with P. duboisi. Some of the metacercariae were experimentally fed to mice, and adult flukes were recovered at day 7 post-infection. The morphology of the adult flukes was basically the same as that of the metacercariae except for the presence of uterine eggs; the uterus was filled with up to 40 eggs. The nucleotide sequences (1,193 bp) from ITS regions (ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2) of the metacercariae showed 99.7% identity with P. duboisi and 75.7% identity with Gymnophalloides seoi deposited in GenBank. These results confirmed the presence of P. duboisi metacercariae in the Manila clam R. philippinarum in an estuary region of Gochang-gun, Korea.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.255-262
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• 2023

고창 서화는 20세기 초에 들어서 사호 송수면(宋修勉, 1847-1916)의 제자이자 한때는 양자였던 염재 송태회(念齋 宋泰會, 1872~1941)가 고창으로 이주하며 초석을 다졌고 본격적인 흐름이 시작되었다고 볼 수 있다. 염재는 전남 화순 출신으로 조선 말기와 근대기의 학자이자 서화가로서 고향인 화순과 고창을 중심으로 한문과 서화 교육자로 근무하면서 창작활동을 하며 고창 서화의 초석을 다진 인물이다. 어려서부터 총명하였으며 서예에 남다른 재능을 보였다. 16세에는 진사시에 합격(동몽진사)하여 최연소로 성균관에서 수학하였다. 그러나 강직한 성품의 그는 구한말 부정부패의 만연과 외세의 침략 등으로 인해 크게 낙담하여 세상을 등지고 낙향하여 서화로 시름을 달래었다. 고창과 전주를 기반으로 전국에서 전시회를 개최하며 활발하게 활동하였고, 민족정신과 역사를 배양시키기 위해 고창고등보통학교(현, 고창중·고등학교)를 설립하여 후학을 양성한 교육자이기도 하다. 염재는 사호 송수면(宋修勉, 1847~1916) 화풍의 절대적 영향을 받아 강건한 필치의 산수화를 그렸고, 화조화와 사군자 등 남종문인화의 다양한 화목을 다루었다. 특히 한국적 풍토미를 바탕으로 한 근대지향적 실경산수의 구현과 더불어 신문물에도 관심을 가지고 그림으로 표현했다는 점에서 초창기 근·현대를 아우르는 대표적 서화가로서, 근·현대 고창 서화의 기틀을 다졌다. 또한 세계적 화가 고암 이응노(顧菴 李應魯, 1904~1989)는 10대 후반에 염재로부터 묵화의 기본을 사사하였다. 하지만 이러한 그의 다양한 예술적·사회적 활동에 비해 지역작가로서의 한계와 평가에 그치고 있는 점은 아쉽다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2017

This study is quantitative reconstruction of palaeo sea level records around Sinduk-ri, Gochang-Gun. 7 cores were collected from GC14 to GC18 in order to examine the entire sedimentary facies and reconstruct the sea level records. The cores were analysed by AMS, sedimentary facies, diatom and WA-pls. As a result of the diatom analysis, diatom zone were classified as No diatom zone, B1 zone, M zone and B2 zone. The result of WA-pls was that the sea level was about 1.5m lower than the present level around 6,000 BP and about 1m lower during last 5,000 BP. Thereafter, sea level rose to the present during the Mc sub-diatom zone period. Moreover, during the Md sub-diatom zone period, sea level was about 0.5m higher than the present.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.66-75
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• 2021

In 2014, fishes caught using stow nets in coastal waters off Gochang from May to October were assessed for appearance patterns. The fishes were caught at four research stations (St.) and were found to comprise 37 species, 18 families, and 7 orders. The dominant species were Thryssa kammalensis, Setipinna tenuifilis, and Sardinella zunasi. To gain a measure of their biodiversity, all species were assessed for their number, richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance. The highest and lowest numbers of total fishes caught were recorded in September (4,819 individuals) and October (828 individuals), respectively. The diversity was the highest in October (H' = 2.478) and lowest in June (H' = 0.880). The evenness index was the highest in October (E = 0.780) and lowest in June (E = 0.343). The richness index was the highest in October (R = 3.424) and lowest in May (R = 1.552). Finally, the dominance index was the highest in June (D = 86.2%) and lowest in October (D = 40.3%).

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.325-333
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• 2011

This study was carried out to evaluate biological activities to different ethanol extracts from unripened and ripened fruit (Rubus coreanus Miq.). 25% to 75% ethanol extracts of unripened and ripened fruits were similar to extract yield respectively. Yield of ethanol extract of ripened fruit were approximately 3 times higher than that of unripened fruit. 75% ethanol extract of unripened fruit showed the highest contents of total polyphenol ($180.04{\pm}0.41$ mg/g) and total flavonoid ($50.43{\pm}0.81$ mg/g). Contents of total polyphenol and total flavonoid of unripened fruit were about 2 times higher than those of ripened fruit. $IC_{50}$ values of DPPH radical scavenging activity and linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition activity of BHA and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol showed $13.19{\pm}0.21$ and $18.16{\pm}0.23{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $4.25{\pm}0.04{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $5.56{\pm}0.10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ respectively, but 75% ethanol extract of unripened fruit showed the lowest $23.85{\pm}0.10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $7.34{\pm}0.07{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ among other all extracts. $IC_{50}$ values of LDL (low density lipoprotein) oxidation inhibition activity and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 75% ethanol extract of unripened fruit showed the lowest $1.04{\pm}0.04{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $7.21{\pm}0.13{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ among other all extracts respectively. Specifically, 75% ethanol extract of unripened fruit has relatively better biological activities than other ethanol extracts, it could be potentially used as bioactive source for health functional foods.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2018

This study aimed to identify different sedimentary environments of Gochang coast according to geomorphic conditions of each bore hole. To achieve the aim, this study utilized the classification of sedimentary environmental conditions of surface sediment, which was based on grain size distribution characteristics.In other words, three sedimentary environmental conditions ofsandy flat + sand beach, coastal sand dune and weathered bedrock soil, which were distinguished based on grain size distribution characteristics of mean-sorting for surface sediments, were applied to the sediments of bore holes. Four sedimentary environments could be identified in Gochang coast. First, the lake sedimentary environment originated from terrestrial sediments seems to have been dominated by weathered bedrock soil that the surface flow has deposited in a coastal wetland or a boundary, which is affected by the sea. Second, the lake sedimentary environment that is little affected by coastal sand dunes is located at the center of a valley, which is connected to the land, and the dune slack of Saban-ri. The surface flow of weather bedrock soil is the main source of deposits. However, there seems to have been a temporary influence of the sea. Third, the lake sedimentary environment that is strongly affected by coastal sand dunes is located at the dune slack of Yeongjeong-ri. This environment shows traces of a change from a coastal sand dune into the dune slack. Finally, the coastalsand dune sedimentary environment, which wasinvestigated by boring the current coastal sand dune, shows a temporary influence of the land but seems to have maintained the overall stability. Consequently, this study demonstrated that the grain size distribution characteristics of the present surface sediments could be effectively applied to identify the sedimentary environments of the paleo bore hole sediments. In addition, the paleo change of sedimentary environment could also be identified in many places of Gochang coast. If the results of this study are combined with the age dating and geochemical analysis in future works, the paleo environmental change in Gochang coast will be restored more precisely.