• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.156-157
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• 1989

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.273-274
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• 1989

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.42-43
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• 2006

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1057-1064
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• 2013

p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K) can integrate nutrient and growth factor signals to promote cell growth and survival. We report our molecular characterization of the complementary DNA (cDNA) that encodes the goat p70S6K gene 40S ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) (GenBank accession GU144017) and its 3' noncoding sequence in Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats (Capra hircus). Goat S6K1 cDNA was 2,272 bp and include an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,578 bp, corresponding to a polypeptide of 525 amino acids, and a 694-residue 3' noncoding sequence with a polyadenylation signal at nucleotides 2,218 to 2,223. The relative abundance of S6K1 mRNA was measured by real-time PCR in 6 tissues, and p70S6K expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in heart and testis. The phosphorylation of p70S6K is regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in fetal fibroblasts.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.267-270
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• 1996

Experiments were conducted to study the effects of a dark (06:00-12:00), light (12:00-18:00), dark (18:00-24:00), and light (00:00-06:00) cycle on the ruminating behavior of five fasting female goats. Rumination time and number of boli were not different in the dark and light periods of the fed state or in the second and third days of fasting. Ruminating time and number of boli increased in the dark (06:00-12:00) period compared to the light (12:00-18:00) period during the first day of fasting. Ruminating time was higher after the first day of fasting than the fed state, and decreased substantially after the first day of fasting than the fed state, and decreased substantially after the second and third days of fasting compared to the fed state or the first day of fasting. Number of boli/day was not different among the fed state, the second and third days of fasting but was higher after the first day fasting compared to the fed state.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.1181-1188
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate protein expression patterns of liver in response to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) induced by high-concentrate diet. Sixteen healthy mid-lactating goats were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a high-forage (HF) diet or a high-concentrate (HC) diet. The HC diet was expected to induce SARA. After ensuring the occurrence of SARA, liver samples were collected. Proteome analysis with differential in gel electrophoresis technology revealed that, 15 proteins were significantly modulated in liver in a comparison between HF and HC-fed goats. These proteins were found mainly associated with metabolism and energy transfer after identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight. The results indicated that glucose, lipid and protein catabolism could be enhanced when SARA occurred. It prompted that glucose, lipid and amine acid in the liver mainly participated in oxidation and energy supply when SARA occurred, which possibly consumed more precursors involved in milk protein and milk fat synthesis. These results suggest new candidate proteins that may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms that mediate liver adaptation to SARA.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.611-615
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• 1992

Problems with maintaining service and equipment in some developing countries suggest that the rumen bag technique may be more appropriate for the determination of plant dry matter digestibility. The technique has been adapted for use in goats in the 16-25 kg liveweight range. Reliable results were obtained for animals maintained under shelter in cages and fed on a mixed legume/grass diet. The results showed that up to 7 bags containing dried and ground (2 mm screen) plant samples (1-3 g) could be satisfactorily used in each goat. The digestibility of the legumes studied did not increase with incubation times over 48 hours, but there was an increase in the digestibility of grasses. However an incubation time of 48 hours was adapted for both legumes and grasses as it allowed more efficient work scheduling for large numbers of samples while still giving acceptable comparisons between species. Losses of material from the bags during a 6 hour soaking in water were 2-9% as fine solids and 14-21% in solution. In the method finally adapted the disappearance was measured for plant samples that were placed in Dacron mesh bags ($7{\times}14cm$, 44 micron) and 6 bags suspended in the rumen of each sheep for 48 hours.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.653-658
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• 1992

Crossbred dairy does were fed a roughage diet (IVOMD 56%, N 2.27%) ad libitum, and supplemented with urea-molasses (3% W : W) (UM) at levels on an air dry basis of 1.5% or 3% of liveweight or an iso-energetic, iso-nitrogenous mixture of cottonseed meal and molasses (25 : 75 w : w) (CM). Eight does, four lower-producers and four higher-producers (1.9 and 2.5 kg/day respectively in week 7 of lactation) arranged in two Latin Squares, received each of the four diets for three weeks. Dry matter, digestible organic matter and N intakes were higher for high-producers and high levels of supplement but did not differ between nitrogen sources. Milk production was higher by high-producers; interactions were significant between level of supplement and production group and between level of supplement and N-source, with maximum production by high producers on high levels of CM. The main effects of level of supplement were only significant for production or composition. and total solids; N-source did not have significant effects on liveweight, milk production or composition. We conclude that does of moderate capacity for milk production, receiving a diet of two-thirds moderate quality roughage, one third urea-molasses, will not respond to increased level of supplementation or to replacement of urea with cottonseed meal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.752-756
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• 2011

Polymorphism of the second exon of the caprine leukocyte antigen-DRB3 gene (CLA-$DRB3^*02$) was investigated in this study. The 285 bp PCR product of 258 individuals from 10 domestic goat breeds in Southwest China was digested with restriction endonucleases PstI and HaeIII and then genotyped. Three alleles and 4 restriction digestion profiles were distinguished by digestion of the PCR fragment by PstI, and 8 alleles and 13 genotypes by HaeIII. For HaeIII restriction enzyme sites, the Chi-square ($X^2$) test showed that all goat breeds in this study did not fit with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.01 or p<0.05). The highly polymorphic nature of CLA-$DRB3^*02$ was demonstrated and the ranges of gene heterozygosity (He) and polymorphism information content (PIC) were 0.36-0.63 and 0.32-0.55, respectively. Clustering analysis showed that the 10 goat breeds clustered into two groups and Dazu Black goat had a close genetic relationship with Chengdu Grey, Jintang Black and Nanjiang Yellow goats.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.231-237
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• 1989

Morphological features of the vomeronasal organ of both Korean native cattle and Korean native goat were studied by gross, microscopic and histochemical examinations. Anatomical characteristics of the vomeronasl organ were similar in both Korean native cattle and Korean native goats. The vomeronasal organ is a tubular structure situated bilaterally at the base of the nasal septum, and enclosed by hyaline cartilage. Its lumen is semilunar to crescent in transverse sections. It join with the incisive duct through narrow duct. The lumen of the vomeronasal organ is lined with sensory and respiratory epithelia. The distribution pattern of vomeronasal mucosal epithelia varied by the position. In the anterior portion joining with nasal cavity, the lumen is lined with only respiratory epitheliu. In the middle portion, sensory epithelium appeared on the medial side, and respiratory epithelium on the lateral side. In the posterior, it is lined with sensory epithelium on the ventral side and lined with respiratory epithelium on the dorsal side. The vomeronasal gland composed of mucous and serous acini are distributed in the lamina propria under the respiratory epithelium, where venous sinuses are also well developed.