• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.69-73
• /
• 2015

The world is presently facing key challenges due to the population explosion, shortages in renewable sources of energy, and environmental problems. One important aspect of ecological intensification is the use and improvement of marginal lands and spaces often ignored, until now. Goats are known to be well adapted to scrubs, forage trees, and rangelands. Goats could contribute marginally, but significantly, to the growing demand for meat without using arable lands. Since 2000, there were 752 million goats globally, and goat livestock increased by 26.8% in 2010, accounting for 954 million heads. Goats are widespread due to their high adaptability to different environmental conditions and nutritional regimes, high productivity, and low maintenance cost. A significant growth in goat number was noticed in the period 2000~2010 in the Netherlands (+113.83%), in spite of the 9.75% decrease in EU-27. A cheese making goat farm in the Netherlands showed how it can survive in the one fifth size of the average. It may be a good model for the Korean goat industry since it uses seasonal breeding and results in reduced "goaty" flavor in the cheese.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.863-876
• /
• 2019

The thermal-death times of Listeria monocytogenes were determined in inoculated restructured goat steak at 60℃, 65℃, and 70℃ of sous-vide temperatures. D-values of L. monocytogenes in inoculated restructured goat steak ranged from 7.27 min at 60℃ to 0.46 min at 70℃. Times need to yield at least a 6 log reduction of L. monocytogenes at their temperatures for this product were 47, 12, and 3 min, respectively. After sous-vide, all microbial counts in non-inoculated samples were not detectable, except the aerobic and anaerobic mesophilie and lactic acid bacteria counts were lower than 2 Log CFU/g. For sous-vided and grilled sous-vided samples, sous-vide loss and surface shrinkage were the lowest in samples sous-vided at 60℃ for 47 min (p<0.05). These samples demonstrated the lowest CIE L^*, shear force, hardness, gumminess and chewiness and the highest CIE a^* and hue angle (p<0.05). Therefore, sous-vide at 60℃ for 47 min provided convenient ready-to-cook restructured goat steak for microbiology safety and optimization of physicochemical quality.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.9
• /
• pp.1439-1447
• /
• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary incorporation of tanninrich woody species on meat oxidative stability, carcass traits and meat quality in goats. Methods: Two tannin-rich species were tested using a three-treatments feeding trial, where treatments consisted of: Larrea divaricata and Acacia aroma both at 12.5% in dry matter basis of the diet and a control diet (alfalfa hay). All feeding diets were iso-protein and iso-energy. Carcass conformation, carcass compactness, carcass fatness and subcutaneous fat deposition were evaluated. Intake, liveweigh, Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscles of goats were analyzed in order to evaluate quality parameters such as pH value, instrumental color evaluation, water holding capacity, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, meat oxidative stability and fatty acid profiles in meat. Results: Feed intake, liveweight gain, carcass, and meat traits did not differ among treatments. Changes in meat lipid profile among treatments were observed for oleic and elaidic acid contents. Meat total phenolic content and antioxidant activity did not differ among treatments; although, meat oxidative status after storage at room temperature, as well as under refrigerated and frozen conditions were different between control and both supplemented groups. Conclusion: The inclusion of Acacia aroma and Larrea divaricata leaves in goat diet enhanced meat oxidative stability. Modulation of the ruminal biohydrogenation of fatty acids produced by condensed tannins of these plant species need to be further investigated.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.15-27
• /
• 2023

Jeju Sasa borealis (S. borealis) is indigenous to the Halla Mountain area of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. However, its dominance has retarded the development of other plant species and lowered biodiversity in this region. The aim of this study was to determine whether S. borealis silage (SS) supplementation affects the chemical composition and antioxidant activity in the fresh meat of Korean native goats (Capra hircus coreanae). The experiment was conducted on 12 Korean native goats at the finisher stage. The feeding groups were the Control (total mixed ration, TMR) and the Treatment (80% TMR + 20% SS). The animals were adapted for two weeks and then subjected to a six-month breeding experiment. Meat samples were excised from the neck, loin, rib, front leg, and hind leg of the slaughtered animals. The meat derived from the treatment group contained more taurine and anserine than that derived from the control group. Both groups did not significantly differ in terms of ω-6/ω-3 fatty acid ratio. The loin and front leg of the treatment group contained significantly higher vitamin E levels than those of the control group. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP analyses disclosed that the loin and front leg had significantly higher antioxidant activity (p<0.05) than the other parts. Moreover, the loin and front leg cuts of the treatment group had higher antioxidant activity than those of the control group. The present study demonstrated that S. borealis supplementation could effectively improve Korean native goat meat quality.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 1979

These studies were carried out to investigate the effects of liver-fluke infection on the reproductive disorder and milk and meat production in Korean Native Goat. A survey of infected goat in Chungnam district was conducted with 474 head by interdermal reaction and also a clinical observation was founded. A experiment was carried out to determine the effects of liver fluke extract on the reproductive disorder by subcutaneous injection and milk and meat yield were measured from treat ed goats. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The rate of positive goat was 71.3% among the surveyed goat and the highest rate was appeared at 3~4 years old goats as 81.4%. 2. The treated goats lost condition and failed to thrive, and became progressive weaker. 3. In hemogram, observation, the rate of eosinophil leucocyte was increased significantly by extract treated. 4. It was appeared the pathogenic signs such symptoms poisoning liver function disturbance and reproductive disorder from treated goats with liver fluke extract. 5. In milking goat the milk yield droped significantly and fattening goat did not fatten. 6. The gross income value per capita was lower from infected goat and it was analysed more sensitivly in net income value.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.819-824
• /
• 2003

Effects of feeding browses on growth and meat quality of Korean native goats were investigated. Twenty eight heads of male goats were divided into four treatment groups fed diets containing oak browse, pine browse, fermented pine browse, and rice straw. Growth rate, feed intake, carcass and meat quality and blood and serum criteria were investigated. The highest average daily gain of goats was 45.3g from oak browse, and goats on pine browse gained similar to those on fermented pine browse. Daily forage intake was 197g DM for oak browse and 74g DM for fermented pine browse. Feed efficiency(g feed/g gain) of oak browse was 11.0g and that of pine browse was 15.1g. From the results of serological inspection, metabolism in body was normal with all the browses tested. Dressing percentage was 45.1~46.2% and meat percentage was 55.2~55.9% without significant differences between diets. Fat percentage of goat carcasses fed rice straw was higher than those fed pine browse or fermented pine browse which was, however, not significantly different from those on oak browse. Shear force and coking loss of goat meat on pine browse or fermented pine browse was less than those on rice straw(p〈0.05) without significant differences between other browses. Juiciness, tenderness, and flavor of the goat meat were the better(p<0.05) from the pine browse diet than from rice straw.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.696-700
• /
• 2013

A quick and reliable method for identifying meat origin is developed to ensure species origin of livestock products for consumers. The present study examined the identification of meat sources (duck, chicken, goat, deer, pig, cattle, sheep, and horse) using PCR by exploiting the mitochondrial 12S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome b genes. Species-specific primers were designed for some or all mitochondrial 12S rRNA nucleotide sequences to identify meat samples from duck, chicken, goat, and deer. Mitochondrial cytochrome b genes from pig, cattle, sheep, and horse were used to construct species-specific primers, which were used to amplify DNA from different meat samples. Primer sets developed in this study were found to be superior for detecting meat origin when compared to other available methods, for which the discrimination of meat origin was not equally applicable in some cases. Our new development of species-specific primer sets could be multiplexed in a single PCR reaction to significantly reduce the time and labor required for determining meat samples of unknown origin from the 8 species. Therefore, the technique developed in this study can be used efficiently to trace the meat origin in a commercial venture and help consumers to preserve their rights knowing origin of meat products for social, religious or health consciousness.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.271-279
• /
• 1996

On-farm experiments were carried out in dryland farming in Bali for 48 weeks to study the effect of flock size on the growth and carcass characteristics of cross-bred goat fed gliricidia-supplemented diet. Eighty four bucks with average live weight of 15.87 kg were allocated in a completely randomized block design arrangement, consisted of three treatments and four blocks. The treatments were $3goats/2.7m^2$ (A), $6goats/5.4m^2$ (B) and $12goats/10.8m^2$ (C), while the floor density was the same ($0.9m^2$ per goat). Feed consumed by goat B was similar (p > 0.10), while feed consumed by goat C was lower (p < 0.10) than goat A. Live weight gain of goat B and C were lower (p<0.05) than goat A. FCR of goat B was higher (p < 0.10) than goat A, while FCR of goat C was similar (p > 0.10) with goat A. Goat B has heavier (p < 0.10) head and digestive tract, while goat C has heavier (p<0.10) hindlegs and digestive tract than goat A. Goat B has lighter (p < 0.10) shoulder, while goat C has lighter shoulder and heavier legs (p < 0.10) than goat A. The carcass quality (measured in terms of loin eye muscle area, meat, bone and fat portions) were not affected (p > 0.05) by the flock sizes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.157-166
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The effects of water extract and distillate from the mixture of black goat meat and medicinal herb on MG-63 osteoblast proliferation and mouse bone marrow derived osteoclast formation were investigated. Methods: Proximate composition, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), mineral content, free amino acid composition and free fatty acid composition in black goat meat were determined. Water extract and distillate were prepared with three groups; goat meat only (BG-E, BG-D), six herbs added group (BG-E6, BG-D6), and eight herbs added group (BG-E8, BG-D8). Osteoblast proliferation, mineralization and calcium uptake activity of MG-63 cells were measured and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity of osteoclasts was analyzed. Results: Black goat meat had remarkably low fat and high level of calcium. Glutamic acid was the most abundant amino acid. Herbs added extract groups (BG-E6 and BG-E8) showed increased MG-63 cell proliferation in a concentration dependent manner, while all the distillates did not show the effect. All extracts and distillates showed significantly increased osteoblast mineralization depending on the concentration. In particular, herb added extract, BG-E6, increased 170.3% of control and the distillate of BG-D and BG-D6 increased up to 168.5% and 159.8%, respectively. Calcium uptake activities of all water extracts showed remarkable increase of BG-E6 and BG-E8 up to 615.5% and 628.1% of control, respectively. Ditillates had no effect except BG-D6. All water extracts significantly reduced the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in osteoclasts derived from mouse bone marrow. Conclusion: Combination of black goat meat and medicinal herb increased the MG-63 cell proliferation and effectively inhibited osteoclast differentiation in both water extracts and distillate of them, which implies that they could be used as potent functional food materials for bone health.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.249-254
• /
• 2016

As the meat of black goats has become popular as a healthy food, domestic goat meat-related industries are steadily growing. However, previous studies are scarce of informations about the zoonotic disease originated from the black goat in Korea. In this study, we investigated Korean black goat's infectious diseases representing bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis, and Q fever. One hundred and eighty samples were collected from a local slaughter house located in Jeollanam-do. Three typical zoonotic diseases were separately examined by carrying out enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Histopathological test was additionally performed in tuberculosis. In case of tuberculosis, results of the PCR and histopathological test were negative but the ELISA results were positive in eight samples. In case of brucellosis, one out of the total samples was shown to be positive in the ELISA and none in the PCR. In case of Q fever, there were forty one positive in the ELISA and twenty positive in the real-time PCR. Those results indicate that the Korean black goat could be a natural reservoir in the possible chain-infections among human, cows and goats. Thus, further study needs in order to improve productivity as well as to prevent the zoonosis spreading and circulation of other livestock with the black goat in this country.