• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.486-491
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• 2010

Tight control of blood glucose is the most important strategy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Here, we investigated the beneficial effects of Welsh onion on fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. Inhibitory activities of hot water extracts from the green stalk and white bulb, which are the edible portions of the Welsh onion, and the fibrous root extract against yeast ${\alpha}$-glucosidase were measured in vitro. To study the effects of Welsh onion on postprandial hyperglycemia, a starch solution (1 g/kg) with and without Welsh onion fibrous root extract (500 mg/kg) or acarbose (50 mg/kg) was administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after an overnight fast. Postprandial plasma glucose levels were measured and incremental areas under the response curve were calculated. To study the hypoglycemic effects of chronic feeding of Welsh onion, five-week-old db/db mice were fed an AIN-93G diet or a diet containing either Welsh onion fibrous root extract at 0.5% or acarbose at 0.05% for 7 weeks after 1 week of adaptation. Fasting plasma glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin were measured. Compared to the extract from the edible portions of Welsh onion, the fibrous root extract showed stronger inhibition against yeast ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, with an $IC_{50}$ of 239 ${\mu}g/mL$. Oral administration of Welsh onion fibrous root extract (500 mg/kg) and acarbose (50 mg/kg) significantly decreased incremental plasma glucose levels 30-120 min after oral ingestion of starch as well as the area under the postprandial glucose response curve, compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The plasma glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin levels of the Welsh onion group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.01), and were not significantly different from those fed acarbose. Thus, we conclude that the fibrous root of Welsh onion is effective in controlling hyperglycemia in animal models of diabetes mellitus.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.348-358
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• 2020

이압요법은 보완·대체요법 중 하나로 귀를 인체의 축소판으로 보고 인체와 상응하는 귀 반응구역(점)에 자극을 주어 해당 장기의 증상 완화 및 치료 효과를 기대하는 중재법을 말한다. 본 연구에서는 이압요법이 제2형 당뇨병 노인의 혈당, 당화혈색소 및 혈중지질에 미치는 효과 알아보기 위해 시행한 연구이다. 본 연구는 무작위 배정, 단일 맹검, 플라세보 대조군 비교 설계를 이용한 실험연구로 자료수집은 2018년 3월 16일부터 2018년 5월 11일까지 이루어졌다. 제2형 당뇨병 노인을 실험군, 대조군에 각각 22명씩 배정하였다. 실험군은 당뇨병과 관련 있는 귀 반응구역(점)에 이압요법을 실시하였고, 대조군은 플라세보 이압요법을 실시하였다. 중재 효과를 확인하기 위해 매주 식후 2시간 혈당을 측정하였으며 사전 및 사후조사로 당화혈색소 및 혈중지질(중성지방, LDL 콜레스테롤, HDL 콜레스테롤)을 측정하였다. 본 연구결과 제2형 당뇨병 노인에게 이압요법을 적용하여 실험 전부터 실험 후까지 7회에 걸쳐 측정한 혈당은 그룹과 시간 경과의 상호작용이 유의한 것으로 나타났다(p=.030). 또한, 6주간의 이압요법 적용 후 실험군 내에서 당화혈색소는 유의하게 감소하였으나(t=-2.44, p=.024) 그룹 간 차이는 유의하지 않았고 중성지방, LDL 콜레스테롤, HDL 콜레스테롤 수치는 실험 전과 비교하여 두 그룹 간 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 본 연구에서 시행한 6주간의 이압요법은 제2형 당뇨병 노인의 식후혈당 및 당화혈색소를 감소시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이압요법은 임상현장에서 제2형 당뇨병 노인의 혈당 조절에 효과가 검증된 중재 요법으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.40-52
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the hypoglycemic effect and safety of Ojeok-san in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: We investigated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Kyung-Hee University Korean Medical Hospital who were administered Ojeok-san for at least one day between January 2012 and September 2020, basal characteristics and laboratory tests were reviewed retrospectively. The hypoglycemic effect of Ojeok-san was assessed by comparing fasting blood sugar (FBS) and two hours post-prandial plasma glucose (PP2) levels from before and after taking Ojeok-san. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to baseline hypoglycemic treatments and glycated hemoglobin levels (< or ≥6.5%). The safety of Ojeok-san was assessed by comparing levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine. Results: After Ojeok-san administration, FBS and PP2 were significantly reduced to an average of 14.33 mg/dL and 27.67 mg/dL respectively. In the subgroup analysis, PP2 in patients receiving metformin mono therapy was significantly reduced to 28.67 mg/dL, and those receiving a dual therapy of metformin and DPP-4 inhibitor, it was significantly reduced to 32.33 mg/dL. In patients with glycated hemoglobin of lower than 6.5%, FBS was significantly reduced to 12.20 mg/dL, and both FBS and PP2 were significantly reduced, to 15.50 mg/dL and 40.00 mg/dL, respectively, in those with glycated hemoglobin levels of more than 6.5%. The safety profile showed no significant difference after Ojeok-san administration. Conclusions: Ojeok-san has significant hypoglycemic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are also taking hypoglycemic agents.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2024

본 연구는 한국 30세 이상 60미만 성인을 대상으로 당화혈색소 6.5% 이상 그룹과 미만 그룹간의 일반적 특성, 신체적 요인, 정신적 요인, 건강문해력 특성 등의 차이를 비교하고, 혈당조절에 영향을 미치는 요인을 성별에 따라 비교하기 위해 시행하였다. 2019년도부터 2021년도까지 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용히여 층화집락추출 및 가중치를 반영하여 복합표본분석 방법을 적용하였다. 한국 30세 이상 60세미만 성인을 대상으로 당화혈색소 6.5% 이상 그룹과 미만 그룹의 인구사회학적 특성, 신체적 요인, 정신적 요인, 건강문해력 등에 따른 차이는 Rao-Scott χ² test로 분석하였고, 성별에 따른 영향요인을 확인하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 대상자는 438명 이었으며 당화혈색소 6.5% 이상 그룹은 348명으로 나타났다. 당화혈색소 6.5% 미만 그룹과 이상 그룹 간 유의한 차이가 있는 요인은 성별(RCχ²: 7.9, p=.012), 비만(RCχ²: 13.1, p=.006), 당뇨병 유병기간(RCχ²: 9.55, p=.029)이었다. 건강 전문가는 성별, 비만, 당뇨병 유병기간 등이 고혈당 위험성을 높이는 요인임을 파악하고, 혈당 조절 개선을 위한 중재 적용 시 대상자의 신체적 요인, 건강문해력 등을 고려한 건강 증진 전략을 제시할 필요가 있다.

• Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2018

Purpose: The hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) represents the degree of nonenzymatic glycation and has been positively associated with cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) and cardiovascular disease in adults. This study aimed to investigate the association between HGI, components of metabolic syndrome (MS), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in a pediatric nondiabetic population. Methods: Data from 3,885 subjects aged 10-18 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2016) were included. HGI was defined as subtraction of predicted glycated hemoglobin ($HbA1_c$) from measured $HbA1_c$. Participants were divided into 3 groups according to HGI tertile. Components of MS (abdominal obesity, fasting glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure), and proportion of MS, CMRF clustering (${\geq}2$ of MS components), and elevated ALT were compared among the groups. Results: Body mass index (BMI) z-score, obesity, total cholesterol, ALT, abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, and CMRF clustering showed increasing HGI trends from lower-to-higher tertiles. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the upper HGI tertile was associated with elevated triglycerides (odds ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-2.30). Multiple linear regression analysis showed HGI level was significantly associated with BMI z-score, $HbA1_c$, triglycerides, and ALT. When stratified by sex, age group, and BMI category, overweight/obese subjects showed linear HGI trends for presence of CMRF clustering and ALT elevation. Conclusion: HGI was associated with CMRFs in a Korean pediatric population. High HGI might be an independent risk factor for CMRF clustering and ALT elevation in overweight/obese youth. Further studies are required to establish the clinical relevance of HGI for cardiometabolic health in youth.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lotus leaf on hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in animal model of diabetes. Inhibitory activity of ethanol extract of lotus leaf against yeast ${\alpha}$-glucosidase was measured in vitro. The effect of lotus leaf on the postprandial increase in blood glucose levels was assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. A starch solution (1 g/kg) with and without lotus leaf extract (500 mg/kg) was administered to the rats after an overnight fast, and postprandial plasma glucose levels were monitored. Four-week-old db/db mice were fed a basal diet or a diet containing 1% lotus leaf extract for 7 weeks after 1 week of acclimation to study the chronic effect of lotus leaf. After sacrifice, plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-CHOL, and blood glycated hemoglobin levels were measured. Lotus leaf extract inhibited ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity by 37.9%, which was 1.3 times stronger than inhibition by acarbose at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL in vitro. Oral administration of lotus leaf extract significantly decreased the area under the glucose response curve by 35.1% compared with that in the control group (P < 0.01). Chronic feeding of lotus leaf extract significantly lowered plasma glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin compared with those in the control group. Lotus leaf extract significantly reduced plasma TG and total CHOL and elevated HDL-CHOL levels compared with those in the control group. Therefore, we conclude that lotus leaf is effective for controlling hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in an animal model of diabetes mellitus.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

Control of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia is strongly correlated with decreased risk for cardiovascular disease, the most common and fatal diabetic complication. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of garlic and aged black garlic on glycemic control and blood lipid profile in animal model of type 2 diabetes. Three week-old db/db mice (C57BL/Ks, n=21) were fed AIN-93G semipurified diet or diet containing 5% freeze-dried garlic or aged black garlic for 7 weeks after 1 week of adaptation. Fasting serum glucose, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol and blood glycated hemoglobin were measured. Body weight and food intake of garlic and aged black garlic group were not significantly different from those of the control group. Fasting serum glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin levels were significantly decreased and insulin level was significantly increased in garlic group compared with control group (p<0.05). Consumption of aged black garlic significantly decreased homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and tended to decrease serum glucose. Garlic consumption significantly decreased total cholesterol, while aged black garlic significantly reduced serum total cholesterol and triglyceride and increased HDL-cholesterol levels. These results suggest that garlic exerts hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic effect and aged black garlic improved insulin sensitivity and dyslipidemia in db/db mice.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1048-1057
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• 1994

Nonobese NIDDM patients were studied were studied with respect to changes in visceral protein status, serum glucose and lipids and insulin secretion capacity before and after intake of enteral formula. Patients with renal or hepatic disease, gastrectomy, malabsorption, weight gain over past 6 months and poorly controlled blood glucose level were excluded. Eighteen patients served as case and administered, in addition of their usual diet, 400ml of enteral formula for 8 weeks. Another 18 patients participated in controls and had usual food intake for 8 weeks. In the begining, the levels of fasting and postprandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, albumin, total protein and transferrin and glucose response area on oral glucose tolerance test were not different between two groups. The response areas of insulin, C-peptide and free fatty acid and serum IGF-1 level were higher in the case than in the control group. Energy intake of patients given enteral formula exceeded their estimated energy requirements(108%) and they consumed a mean of 112g protein per day. Patients given enteral formula showed an increase in body weight(4.4%), serum transferrin(10%), IGF-1(13%) and triglyceride(34%) while controls showed no changes in those parameters at 8 weeks compared to initial values. There were no significant changes after 8 weeks in the levels of glucose, glycated hemoglobin, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, total protein and albumin and response areas of glucose, insulin, C-peptide and free fatty acid in both groups compared to initial values. This study suggests that nutrition supplement with enteral formula can increase body weight and visceral protein status in nonobese NIDDM patients without changes in blood glucose. However, excessive calorie intake could temporarily increase serum triglyceride. In addition, this study indicates that serum transferrin and IGF-1 are more sensitive indicators to changes of protein intake than serum albumin and total protein.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1318-1324
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the management of blood glucose in diabetes mellitus using modified Jawonjihwang-tang in a Korean medical clinic, retrospectively. Methods: From 2006 to 2018, 150 patients diagnosed with diabetes who visited a Korean medical clinic were treated with Korean medicine. Then, 81 of them were prescribed Jawonjihwang-tang. Five cases who changed the formula during the procedure were excluded; therefore, 76 cases were finally selected. Their therapeutic effects were evaluated by the variance in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Results: After administration of Jawonjihwang-tang, most patients exhibited a decreased level of HbA1c, and 24 patients had normalized the level of HbA1c. The HbA1c level of all patients decreased from 9.1±2.2 to 7.8±2.2 significantly (p<0.001). Conclusions: It is concluded that Jawonjihwang-tang may control blood glucose in diabetes patients. However, more prospective randomized clinical trials are warranted to verify this conclusion.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between vibration exposure and skeletal muscle mass index through a single university health check-up. Methods: We used data from 134,067 male subjects who received a general health check-up or vibration exposure health check-up out of the 1,515,322 people who underwent medical check-up at a local university hospital from 2002 to 2018. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted for comparing the association between skeletal muscle mass index and demographic and hematological variables in both groups. Mixed linear model analysis after controlling demographic and hematological variables was used to analyze the differences in skeletal muscle mass index between groups at every visit over 10 years. Results: In the Pearson correlation test, the variables that showed different results when comparing the two groups were C-reactive protein (p=0.001) and glycated hemoglobin (p=0.002) in the vibration exposure group and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p<0.001) and vitamin D (p<0.001) in the general group. After the adjustment of demographic and hematologic variables, the skeletal muscle mass index at every visit was markedly decreased in the vibration exposure group (p<0.001). Conclusions: In the vibration exposure group, the skeletal muscle mass index showed a tendency to decrease markedly over time compared to the general health check-up group, which showed that C-reactive protein and glycated hemoglobin would have an influence on skeletal muscle index in male workers exposed to vibration.