• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2002

To evaluate the skin toxicity of topical cyclohexane application (25mg/$\textrm{cm}^2$) was sequentially applied to the rat skin for four days. On the histopathological findings in the light micrographs, neutrophils and engulfed neutrophils are seen, and many cytoplasmic processes were appeared in proliferated layer whereas in the dermis area, increased numbers of fibroblast, accumulation of neutrophil and lipid droplets are demonstrated. On the other hand, applying the cyclohexane to the rat skin led to the remarkable rise of cutaneous xanthine oxidase activity and similar activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione content and declined activity of glutathione S-transferase compared with control group. Especially the remarkably decreased activity of aniline hydroxylase (AH) was appeared in skin as little as scarcely determined. Furthermore, the applying the cyclohexane to skin led to the significantly increased activity of hepatic AH and alcohol dehydrogenase. These results indicate that oxygen free radical and intermediate metabolite of cyclohexane may be responsible for structural changes in skin by cyclohexane application to rat skin.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2012

The effects of inorganic mercury on hematological parameters and hepatic oxidative stress enzyme activity were studied in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fish were injected twice intraperitoneally with mercuric chloride (2, 4, or 8 mg Hg/kg BW). The major hematological findings were significant decreases in the red blood cell count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin level in olive flounder exposed to 8 mg Hg/kg BW. Remarkably low levels of calcium and chloride, and reduced osmolality, were also observed at 8 mg Hg/kg BW. In hepatic tissue, significant increases in glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity were observed above 4 mg Hg/kg BW Inorganic mercury also increased glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase activity at 8 mg Hg/kg BW in hepatic tissue. The present findings suggest that exposure to a low concentration (${\geq}4$ mg Hg/kg BW) of inorganic mercury can cause significant changes in hematological and antioxidant parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.712-717
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• 1998

This study was undertaken to investigate the inhibition effects of Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract in edible mushroom on lipid peroxidation and liver damage in benzo(a)pyrene(B(a)P)-treated mice. The activities of serum aminotransferase, cytochrome P-450, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the hepatic content of lipid peroxide after B(a)P-treatment was markedly increased than control but those levels were significantly decreased by the treatment of Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract. Glutathione S-transferase activity and the hepatic glutathione content were decreased by B(a)P-treatment than control, but those were also inhibited by the treament of Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract. These results suggest that Auricularia auricula-judae methanol extract have a protective effect on liver damage by B(a)P.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.191-208
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• 1991

Pulmonary conjugation pathways may be important for the metabolism of xenobiotics introduced via airways of systemically. The objective of this study was to determine the pulmonary conjugating capacity in both the isolated perfused rabbit lung (IPRL) and in vitro, and the ability of ethanol to alter the above. The IPRL was capable of conjugating glutathione (GSH) with either 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) of 1,2-epoxy-(p-nitrophenoxy) propane(ENP). The pulmonary GSH conjugation with ENP was inhibited by cibacron blue, indicating the presence of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) u and/or classes, but it was not altered by buthionine sulfoximine, a selective inhibitor of Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.114-122
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• 1998

This study was designed to observe the effect of hot water soluble polysaccharides extract(PS) from Lentinus edodes on the enzyme activities related with hepatic function and peroxidation in the rats fed better yellow. The four groups of male SD rats were fed with the diets contained 15% casein(basal diet; NO group), added butter yellow(BO group) or /and PS(NP, BP group) for 6 weeks. The activities of ${\gamma}$-GTP and GPT in BP were significantly lower compared with BO. The activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and lactate dehydrogenase were not significantly different between NP and NO, while those activities were significantly lower value in BP than BO. The activities of glutathione S-transferase of the microsomal and cytosol fractions were significantly lower in BP than in BO. The contents of glutathione and malondialdehyde in the liver were considerably low value in BP. In a view of these results the PS of Lentinus edodes prevents the lipid peroxidation and diminishes the liver toxicity caused with better yellow. The superoxide dismutase activity in cytosolic fraction of liver was not found any effect in all groups. But hepatic function enzyme activities such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase, LDH activities were remarkably decreased in the groups 2(basal diet + PS) and the ${\gamma}$-GTP, GOT and GPT activities, too. In liver, the contents of glutathione decreased by PS supplementation but HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol ratio in plasma decreased at the groups 3, 4. The ${\gamma}$-GTP, GOT and GPT in plasma were remarkably higher in the rats fed the p-DAB than the control group, too. But above enzyme activities significantly decreased in the groups fed PS.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.241-252
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• 2011

The study was carried out to evaluate the anticancer effects in Korean soybean paste(doenjang) added with sun-dried salt(S-D), roasted salt(R-D), bamboo salt roasted once(B1-D) or bamboo salt roasted nine times(B9-D). In MTT assay, S-D, R-D, B1-D and B9-D exhibited a significant inhibitory activity(64-87% and 68-92%) against the proliferation of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells by adding 0.05% and 0.1% of methanol extract. Among Balb/c mice injected with sarcoma-180 cells, the bodies, livers, spleens, kidneys and heart weight of the mice administered with 4 kinds of doenjang extracts were heavier than the non-administered ones of the group. However, no difference was found between the control and doenjang administered groups. Four kinds of doenjang inhibited significantly the tumor growth, especially R-D and B1-D showing an inhibition of tumor cell growth up to 97% by the administration of 1.0 mg/kg methanol extracts of doenjang. The activity of natural killer(NK) cells was relatively high in mice administered with four kinds of doenjang. Particularly, mice administered with R-D methanol extract showed a stronger activity of 88.2%. The activity of glutathione S-transferase(GST) in mice administered with four kinds of doenjang was higher than that of the non-administered group. In particular, the GST activity was the strongest in the group with B1-D. As these results indicate the various kinds of salt have different effects on the anticancer activity of doenjang.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

Hepatoprotective effects of Malloti cortex extract (MCE) from Mallotus japonicus against the carbon tetrachloride (CCl$_{4}$) and galactosamine (GalN) were investigated. Whereas serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were markedly elevated after CCl$_{4}$ and GalN administration, pretreatment and posttreatment with MCE before and after the injection of CCl$_{4}$ and GalN resulted in decreases in elevated serum aminotransferase activities. Whereas CCl$_{4}$ and GalN treatment caused 3~7 fold increases in sorbitol dehydrogenase and ${\gamma}$-glutamyltransferase activities, pretreatment and posttreatment with MCE resulted in the blocking of CCl$_{4}$ and GalN-induced liver toxicity. The hepatoprotective effect of MCE was in part due to MCE-induced elevation of hepatic glutathione levels. Pretreatment and posttreatment with MCE also reduced increased lipid peroxidation induced by CCl$_{4}$ and GalN. These results suggest that MCE may be useful for the prevention and therapy of hepatotoxic pathogenesis. It is presumed that protective and therapeutic effects of MCE due to be inducible glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase activities, involving in glutathione-medicated detoxication and maintainment of glutathione content, respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effect of acorn supplementation on the lipid profile and redox antioxidant enzyme activities in obese rat. Obesity in the rats was induced by feeding diet contained 10％ lard and 0.5％ cholesterol for 4 week. After 4 weeks, rats were divided into the following 5 groups; high fat diet (Control), high fat diet plus 10％ Acorn powder (APlO％), high fat diet plus 20％ Acorn powder (AP20％), high fat diet plus 0.2％ Acorn extract (AE0.2％), high fat diet plus 0.5％ Acorn extract (AE0.5％). Total food intake and food efficiency ratio (FER) was not significantly different by acorn powder and extract supplementation. But, body weight was decreased by 20％ acorn powder. Acorn powder and extract supplementation for 4 weeks tend to decrease total cholesterol and triglyceride level on the serum and hepatic tissue. There was no significant difference in hepatic glutathione (GSH) content among all the groups. The hepatic GST activity in acorn supplemented groups was lower than that of control. Glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were higher in acorn supplemented groups than that of control. Hepatic TBARS levels of experimental groups were also significantly lower than that of control group. Our finding suggest that acorn powders and extract might have potential role for improving lipid profiles and antioxidant enzyme activities in obese rats.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.659-674
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• 1999

The experimental studies were carried out in order to prove the effect of BSH water extract on Renal lipid peroxide content and metabolic enzyme system experimental studies about peroxide content, transferase, enzyme activity were carried out. The result were obtained as follows : 1. In the change of lipid peroxide of renal tissue, all group was decreased, more of two weeks was decreased. 2. In the Change of BUN of renal tissue, all group was decreased. 3. In the change of LDH of urine, all group was not significant. 4. In the change of ${\gamma}$-glutamyltransferasde, Xanthine oxidase, Aldehyde oxidase of urine, all group was decreased. 5. In the change of protein-bound SH, nonprotein-bound SH, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, ${\gamma}$-Glutamylcystein synthetase of renal tissue, all group was increased. From above results, BSH was had significant effects on the senile, so it is expected to clinical application on senility and geratology.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2020

The effect of mulberry leaves and yacon tuber extracts (MYE) on antioxidant was tested in this study. The present study investigated the in vivo effects of the anti-oxidative effect of MYE on catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The seven-day acclimation of the mice was divided into six groups: Normal diet group (NOR), high fat diet group (HFD), high fat diet with 0.5% hydroxycitric acid group diet group for positive group (HHCA), high fat diet with 1% mulberry leaf and 1% yacon diet group (MYE-1), high fat diet with 3% mulberry leaf and 3% yacon group (MYE-3) and high fat diet with 5% mulberry leaf and 5% yacon group (MYE-5). The effect of serum antioxidant in the catalase of MYE-1, MYE-3, and HHCA comparing to HFD by 31.0%, 27.7% and 45.2%, respectively (P<0.05~0.01). The effect on hepatic antioxidant in the catalase of HFD was significantly increased 3.7 (77.3%) times than that of NOR (P<0.01). But, the activities of catalase were decreased significantly in MYE-1, MYE-3, MYE-5 and HHCA by 21.7%, 24.2%, 24.9%, and 28.8% compared to HFD, respectively. GSH-Px was significantly decreased in MYE-1, MYE-3, MYE-5 and HHCA by 15.5%, 37.1%, 23.4%, and 23.7% compared to HFD, respectively (P<0.05). The activities of CAT, SOD, GST, GSH-Px, and TBARS were more significantly decreased in MYE-1 and MYE-3 than those of HFD and HHCA. MYE have shown significant effects on anti-oxidative function against high fat diet.