• Title/Summary/Keyword: Glutamic acid

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Evaluation of Quality Characteristics of Broth Packets with Different Treatment of Dolsan Mustard Seeds (돌산갓 종자를 첨가한 국물용 육수팩의 품질특성)

  • Oh, SunKyung;Choi, MyeongRak
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.32 no.9
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    • pp.667-677
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    • 2022
  • Dolsan mustard seeds (DMS) were added in whole, crushed, and roasted form at 0.5 g (S-1), 1.0 g (S-2), and 1.5 g (S-3), respectively to broth and heated for 10 or 15 min. After cooling, the quality characteristics were measured. Salinity and pH decreased with boiling time. The antioxidant activities of the experimental broth were measured in terms of total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, electron donating ability (EDA), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothizoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The overall, antioxidant activity was higher in broths containing 1.0 g and 1.5 g DMS than in those containing 0.5 g DMS and the activity increased with increasing boiling time. Sinigrin was not detected in the control group, and no significant difference in sinigrin content was noted among broths containing different concentrations of DMS. A high glutamic acid content was detected in the control broth, whereas glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, proline, alanine, and arginine were detected in the broths containing DMS. The free amino acid contents, particularly aspartic acid and glutamic acid contents, were high in umami. Volatile components, such as 2-propenyl-isothiocyanate (ITC), allylthiocyanate, n-butyl ITC, and 3-butenyl ITC, were detected in the DMS-containing broths. Sensory evaluation revealed that a higher amount of DMS added and a longer heating time increased the overall taste preference, and the difference was statistically significant. The purpose of this study was to present basic data on the quality characteristics of DMS-added broths to aid in the development of new products using DMS.

A Study on Physico-chemical Property and Composition of Velvet Antler and Byproducts in Elk. (Elk종의 녹용과 부산물의 이화학적 특성에 관한 연구)

  • 이길왕
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.496-500
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    • 2004
  • This study has been performed for physico-chemical property and composition of sinew, testes, tail, blood and velvet antler in Elk. Amino acid contents in the sinew taurine, alanine, histidine, and lysine were high contained, histidine, glutamic acid, taurine, and lysine were high contained in testes, glutamic acid, lysine, alanine, glycine, and phenylalanine were high contained in tail, histidine, glycine, and lysine were high contained in blood, glutamic acid, lysine, taurine, alanine, and glycine were high contained in velvet antler. And, based on the amount of mineral, $K^{+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $P^{+}$ were 444.8, 166.6 and 242.9mg per 100g in sinew, respectively. $K^{+}$, $Ca^{2+}$ and $P^{+}$ were 294.4, 330.5, and 514.3 mg per 100g in testes, respectively, $K^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, and $P^{+}$ were 1420.6, 118.4, and 1105.2mg per 100 mg in tail, respectively. Fe3+,-K+, and P+ were 344.1, 1023.6 and 157.2 mg per 100 mg in blood, respectively and $K^{+}$, $Ca^{2+}$ and $P^{+}$ were 888.4, l1533.1 and 14722.0 in velvet antler, respectively. Finaly, difference were found in comparison of composition of free mwtal ion (N $a^{+}$, $K^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$ and $Ca^2$) bwteen blood, tail, tests, sinew and velvet antler, and composition of free metal in blood higher than those othersd higher than those others.

Analyses of Free Amino Acids in Different Parts of Bean Sprouts by Different Cooking Methods and from Different Merchants

  • Kim, Ji-Hye;Lee, Kyung-Ae;Kim, Yong-Ho;Kim, Hee-Seon
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.316-322
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    • 2009
  • This study was performed to quantitatively analyze free amino acids in the bean sprouts of three different merchants by the parts and the cooking methods in order to evaluate the nutritional and sensory values of bean sprouts. Three merchant bean sprouts were analyzed from total, cotyledon and hypocotyls. Aspartic acid was the most common acid isolated from bean sprouts from all three merchants and was found more in the hypocotyls than the cotyledon. On the other hand, arginine, the second most common amino acid, was found more in the cotyledon than the hypocotyls while valine, the third or fourth most common amino acid in total bean sprout, occurred in a greater amount in hypocotyls than in cotyledons. After cooking, was the most concentrated amino acid in the liquid portion of both boiled bean sprouts and bean sprout soup was glutamic acid. Total bean sprouts from merchant C showed significantly higher contents of the most abundant amino acids, such as aspartic acid, arginine, alanine, serine, glutamic acid, isoleucine, leucine and tyrosine (p<0.05). After cooking, bean sprouts from merchant B showed less of a decrease in amino acid content in the solid parts than the products from merchants A and C. In conclusion, aspartic acid was the major amino acid in bean sprouts, regardless of the source, but after cooking, glutamic acid became the most abundant amino acid in the liquid part. Additionally, the pattern of release of the amino acids from the solid beans to the liquid portion during cooking was different with each merchant.

Analysis of Chemical Composition in leaf and foot of Acrorus calamus L. (창포(Acorus calamus L. var. angustatus Bess.) 잎과 뿌리 중의 성분 분석)

  • Kim, Hye-Ja;Kim, Se-Won;Shin, Chang-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.37-41
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    • 2000
  • This study has been carried out to investigate the chemical composition of Acorus calamus L., a wild plant (Chang Po) which has long been used as a medicine or a hair rinse in Korea and China. Potassium was found to be the most predominant mineral in leaf and root, followed by calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, in a decreasing order. Contents of potassium in leaf and root account for 54a.65 mg% and 242.87 mg%, respectively. Contents of these minerals in leaf were higher value than that in root. Glucose and fructose were found to be the major free sugars in leaf and root. Malic acid was the most abundant organic acid of leaf and root, and followed by citric acid. Fourteen different kinds of fatty acids were identified from the leaf and root. Content of unsaturated fatty acids. such as linolenic, and linoleic acid ware higher than that of saturated fatty acids. Content of total amino acids was 3 times higher in leaf than that in root. Leucine was the major amino acid in leaf and glutamic acid in root.

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Chemical Components in Different Parts of Korean Sword Bean(Canavalia gladiata) (한국산 작두콩의 부위별 화학성분)

  • 조영수;배영일;심기환
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.475-480
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    • 1999
  • The chemical components in different parts such as seed, cotyledon, hull, pod, leaf, stem and root of Korean sword bean(Canavalia gladiata) were determined in this study. The contents of total sugar and protein were relatively higher in cotyledon than other parts. The highest mineral component was K, Ca in root and leaf, respectively. In case of organic acids, relatively higher content of oxalic acid(2,556 mg%), citric acid(573 mg%) was found in leaf and pod, respectively. Among free sugars, the contents of sucrose(3.80%), fructose(2.17%) were the highest contents in hull and stem, respectively. The highest component total amino acids in cotyledon and leaf, pod, stem, and root was glutamic acid(592 mg%), glutamic acid(429 mg%), proline(497 mg%), lysine(328 mg%) and arginine(714 mg%), respectively. Among fatty acids in hull and pod, palmitic acid(32.75%, 21.93%) was high in saturated fatty acid fraction, while linoleic acid(39.15%, 43.03%) was high in polyunsaturated fatty acid fraction.

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Extraction of protein from defatted sesame meal using the enzyme from Bacillus sp. CW-1121 (Bacillus sp. CW-1121이 생성하는 단백 분해 효소를 이용한 참깨박 단백질의 용출)

  • Choi, C.;Chun, S.S.;Cho, Y.J.
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.121-126
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    • 1993
  • To extract insoluble proteins of sesame meal residue by using microorganism, the sesame meal residue was treated with crude enzyme solution from Bacillus sp. CW-1121. It was found that the solubility reached to maximum at pH 7.5, $45^{\circ}C$. Under optimum condition, the nitrogen solubility with the enzyme solution from Bacillus sp. CW-1121 reached to 60% in 2 hours. Nitrogen solubility of protein from sesame meal showed minimum value at pH 4.5 and significantly increased above pH 6.0. When the protein from sesame meal extracted with Bacillus sp. CW-1121 was subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, water soluble protein was showed 4 bands and salt soluble protein was showed 2 bands. The amino acid composition of water soluble protein, salt soluble protein and free amino acid indicated relatively high contents of serine (17.24 mg/g), glutamic acid (10.77 mg/g) and glutamic acid (6.55 mg/g). Specially, the contents of essential amino acids were high.

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Comparison of Taste Component of Korean and Japanese Soybean Paste(Doenjang & Miso) -Free Amino Acids Comparison- (한국과 일본 된장의 맛성분 비교)

  • Kim, Chon-Ho;Sumino, Takeshi;Aida, Kuniko;Sumino, Sackiko
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.59-64
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    • 1998
  • In order to find causes of the difference in taste between Korean and Japanese soybean paste, comparian was made on the free amino acids composition in soybean paste in those two countries. It was found that the free amino acid composition of commercial soybean paste made in Korea was analogous to homemade soybean paste, and the commercial soybean paste made in Japan, was analogous to homemade soybean paste. And there was a similarity on the point that the glutamic acid content was the highest of all free amino acids content in both Korean and Japanese soybean pastes. There was a difference in the mean total free amino acids content between Korean and Japanese soybean paste. The mean ratio of the glutamic acid content to total free amino acid content in Korean and Japanese soybean paste was on the range of $11.5%{\sim}22.6%$ and $10.4%{\sim}12.5%$, respectively. These results suggest that glutamic acid determines taste in Korean and Japanese soybean paste.

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Extractive Nitrogenous Constituents of Anchovy Sauce and their Quality Standardization (멸치액젓의 맛성분조성(成分組成) 및 품질표준화(品質標準化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Park, Choon-Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.471-477
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    • 1995
  • Extractive nitrogen, free amino acids, oligopeptides, nucleotides and related compounds, quaternary ammonium bases, and guanidino compounds were analyzed to evaluate quality of anchovy sauce. The commercial products contained low proximate composition, extractive nitrogen and other extractive components, than the experimentally prepared anchovy sauce. Both samples, commercial products and experimentally prepared anchovy sauce, were rich in free amino acids, such as glutamic acid, leucine, alanine, lysine, and aspartic acid. The extractive nitrogenous components which consist of total nucleotides and related compounds, total free amino acids, methionine, isoleucine, valine, taurine, tyrosine, histidine, leucine, aspartic acid, cystine, and lysine, showed significant correlation(p<0.01) with extractive nitrogen. Possibly, seven kinds of free amino acids such as methionine, isoleucine, valine, taurine, tyrosine, histidine, and leucine, might be recommend as quality indices of standardization for anchovy sauce.

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Assessment of Ethanol Fermentation with Rice Bran by Yeasts (米糠배지에서 酵母에 의한 에탄올 발효액의 평가)

  • 손경현;윤종수;성용분;이강표;김재철;이재흥
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.85-90
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    • 1992
  • Rice bran was employed as a main medium component for ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces species. Among the several strains of .Saccharomyces yeasts. S. cerevisiae IF0 2346 was selected as the hest strain in view of the interest in the production of ethanol and amino acids. It was found that S. cerevisiae IF0 2346 showed $3\times 10^8$cells/d and 4.7% (v/v) ethanol production after 72 hr cultivation. Although total amount of free amino acids was decreased from 1.099 mg/l to 829 mg/l during the fermentation, glutamic acid. histidine, and isoleucine were increased considerably. With the supplement of 5% glucose to the ferrnentation medium, both ethanol and amino acid production were increased up to 134% and 264%, respectively. compared to the control case. Glutamic. acid, leucine, alanine. phenylalanint:, and valine were the major amino acids in the fermentation broth.

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Studies on the nutrients sources of Pleurotus cornucopiae (노랑느타리버섯(Pleurotus cornucopiae)의 영양원에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, In-Ja;Chung, Ki-Chul;Chang, Hyun-You
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.75-78
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    • 2005
  • The results of studies for determining the nutrients sources of mycelial growth for optimal condition of Pleurotus cornucopiae are as follows; 1) Optimal carbon source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is maltose(357mg/25ml/15d); 2) Optimal nitrogen source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is peptone(347mg/25ml/15d); 3) Optimal organic acid source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is glutamic acid(389mg/25ml/15d); 4) Optimal vitamin source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is biotin(399mg/15d); and 5) Optimal C/N ratio for mycelial growth for determining the condition of Pleurotus cornucopiae is 40(398mg/15d).

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