• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.50-56
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• 2012

The objectives of this research were to quantify resistance levels of transgenic rice expressing the bar gene to glutamine synthetase (GS)-inhibiting, and methionine sulfoximine and photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicide, paraquat, and compare the ammonium accumulation, chilling injury, and yield between transgenic and non-transgenic rice. The transgenic rice lines were 45-96-fold more resistant to glufosinate-ammonium than non-transgenic rice. The transgenic rice lines were also 18-fold more resistant to methionine sulfoximine, but was not resistant to paraquat, which has different target site. Glufosinate-ammonium increased the ammonium accumulation in leaves of non-transgenic rice plants, but had minimal or no effect on leaves of transgenic lines. The transgenic lines except for 258, 411, 607 and 608 were more susceptible during chilling and recovery than non-transgenic rice plants. The yield of transgenic lines 142, 144, 258 and 608 was similar or higher than that of non-transgenic rice in pot conditions.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.380-389
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• 2010

Transgenic herbicide-resistant sweet potato plants [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] produced through a biolistic transformation were used in this study. The objective of this research was to find out a rapid and reliable assay method for confirming glufosinate-ammonium resistance. The techniques tested include whole-plant bioassay, one leaf bioassay, and leaf disk bioassay. Parameters investigated in this study were leaf injury and ammonium accumulation at 1 and 5 days after treatment of glufosinate-ammonium. In the leaf disk bioassay, leaf injury of the transgenic line 7171 was 1.9-fold less affected by glufosinate-ammonium than the wild type. The leaf injury of 7171 in one leaf and whole-plant bioassays was 59- and 92-fold less affected by glufosinate-ammonium, respectively, compared with that of the wild type. Leaf disk, one leaf, and whole-plant bioassays showed that ammonium accumulation of the 7171 was 2 to 20-, 4 to 43-, and 6 to 115-fold less affected by 0.5-5 mM glufosinate-ammonium than that of the wild type. All three bioassays successfully distinguished the resistance from the transgenic lines, but one leaf bioassay is the simplest and quickest. Leaf injury and ammonium accumulation were the same in leaves 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 of 3 mM glufosinate-ammonium treated plants or nontreated plants. The one leaf bioassay was chosen as the standard procedure for future confirmation of resistance in transgenic sweet potato because it is a rapid and reliable assay.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.176-179
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• 1997

Environmental risk evaluation of transgenic Brassica napus introduced with glufosinate$.$ammonium-tolerance gene was carried out in a field. It is revealed that there was no difference between transgenic and non-transgenic B. napus for characteristics of ecology and morphology. Transgenic plants did not fertilize to any related Brassica species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1354-1359
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• 2022

Glufosinate ammonium-containing herbicides are non-selective herbicides, used worldwide. With the increasing use of glufosinate ammonium-containing herbicides, cases of acute intoxication in suicide attempts have also increased. Herein, we report a case of a patient presenting cytotoxic edema in the posterior limbs of the bilateral internal capsules, bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles, and splenium of the corpus callosum on the brain diffusion-weighted MRI after glufosinate ammonium intoxication.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.103-106
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• 2005

BASTA is an herbicide which contains glufosinate ammonium as a main component with an anionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene alkylether sulfate, and nonselectively inhibits glutamine synthetase. It became a wildly used herbicide in Korea and its intoxication is now increasing. A 42-year old woman ingested about 300ml of BASTA in a suicide attempt. She showed unconsciousness and respiratory distress in the beginning, and later developed multiple generalized convulsions, low blood pressure, fever and diabetes insipidus. Although she became alert 12 days after the ingestion, she showed retrograde amnesia for a period of about recent 10 years. A neuropsychological test on day 22 revealed frontal lobe dysfunction, visual memory disturbance and slight decrease in visuospatial function. All these neurological abnormalities that might occur due to glufosinate ammonium were almost improved in the follow-up test performed a month later.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.352-356
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• 2014

A 51-year-old man developed anterograde amnesia following the ingestion of glufosinate ammonium. Brain MRI revealed hyperintense lesions involving the bilateral hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus, and the right occipital lobe. The mechanism underlying acute glufosinate ammonium intoxication and the differential diagnosis of hippocampal lesions are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.195-204
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• 1991

This study was conducted to determine physiological responses rice cultivars to glufosinate-ammonium. Changes of total protein content, protein population, glutamine synthetase activity, accumulated ammonia content and free amino acid composition were examined in both tolerant and susceptible rice cultivars. Tamjinbyeo and Fukei 126 showed relatively tolerant response to glufosinate-ammonium while Namyeongbyeo, Palgongbyeo and Youngdugbyeo were susceptible to it. Total protein content of two tolerant cultivars was 93.2 of the untreated control in average but three susceptible cultivars showed 76.5 of the untreated control in average, showing 16.7 difference. Protein profiles of the tolerant cultivars seemed to be not affected by glufosinate-ammonium treatment. However, in susceptible cultivar like Namyeongbyeo, 10ppm of glufosinate-ammonium application resulted in decrease of band density or disapperance of spot density in near 20kD and in between 45kD and 66kD on 2D-PAGE. Glutamine synthetase activity in susceptible cultivars was markedly inhibited by glufosinate-ammonium treatment, accompanying remarkable increase of ammonia content by three times greater than tolerant cultivars, and markedly increase of glutamic acid, showing 430% of the untreated control.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 2015

This study was conducted for 3 years in an apple orchard to investigate the efficacy of the glufosinate-ammonium (GFA) SL for weed control in comparison to non-woven fabric mulch, sod culture and machinery cutting treatments. Glufosinate-ammonium SL 18% was applied with 2 to 3 times, and the extents of injury caused by the different weed control methods were also investigated during the 3 years. The highest level of weed control was obtained by glufosinate-ammonium 3 times spray (98.7%), followed by machinery cutting (95.1%), glufosinate-ammonium 2 times spray (81.5%) and natural sod culture (5.8%). Amounts of fruit production in three times application of glufosinate-ammonium 540 g a.i. $ha^{-1}$, twice application of GFA, machinery cutting, non-woven fabric processing, sod culture and untreated control were 27.2, 26.2, 25.3, 24.1, 20.4 and 13.3 kg, respectively. There was no toxicity symptom of glufosinate-ammonium on the whole tree such as fruit, bud, trunk, branch and flower during the 3 years.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.213-218
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• 2016

Timely application and the choice of herbicides are crucial for red pepper production since the yield is significantly reduced by weed occurrence. Experiments were conducted to provide efficient weed control methods in red-pepper fields. The results suggest the followings: 1) in the field of prevalent grass weeds, application of pendimethalin EC as pre-emergence herbicide after transplanting followed by tank-mix with pendimethalin and fluazipfop-P-butyl EC as post-emergence at 3-5 leaf stage of Digitalia species gave a good control for 80 days without crop injury, 2) as for grass and other weeds occurrence, sequential application of tank-mix with glufosinate-ammonium SL and pendimethalin at 30 days after transplanting (DAT) followed by glufosinate-ammonium. at < 20 cm of weed height with 30 days' interval provided better weed control than 2-time application of glufosinate-ammonium. single application for 80 days in this trial. 3) To prevent from drifting of non-selective herbicide spray mist into red-pepper at furrow application, glufosinate-ammonium. should be applied at 15 cm of spray nozzle height at 20 DAT (18 cm tall of red pepper), and the spray nozzle should be placed below 30 cm above ground to keep spray drift minimum to red pepper with > 40 cm plant height at 40 DAT.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2018

Purpose: Glufosinate ammonium poisoning can cause seizures, even after a symptom-free period. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) level and the occurrence of seizures in patients with acute glufosinate ammonium poisoning. Methods: For this retrospective observational study, data from patients diagnosed with acute glufosinate ammonium poisoning were collected between January 2016 and June 2016. Serum NSE was measured within 2 hours of arrival at the emergency department. The patients were divided into a seizure group and a non-seizure group. Results: The seizure group included eight of the 15 total patients (53.3%). The serum NSE level was significantly higher in the seizure group than in the non-seizure group ($32.4{\pm}11.9ng/mL$ vs. $19.5{\pm}5ng/mL$, p=0.019). The amount of glufosinate ingested and initial and peak serum ammonia levels were significantly higher in the seizure group than in the non-seizure group. There was no significant difference in the area under the curve of the serum NSE level or the initial and peak serum ammonia levels in terms of predicting the occurrence of seizures. Conclusion: In acute glufosinate poisoning, initial serum NSE levels may help in prediction of seizures.