• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2010

[ $\alpha$ ]Glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) is a glycosidase that hydrolyzes disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides resulting in the release of α-D-glucose. In this study, $\alpha$-glucosidase activity in the hemolymph and midgut of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori and Japanese oak silkmoth Antheraea yamamai was measured using maltose, sucrose, trehalose, and p-nitrophenyl $\alpha$-D-glucopyranoside as substrates. In general, hemolymph $\alpha$-glucosidase activity was higher in B. mori than in A. yamamai. In contrast, midgut $\alpha$-glucosidase activity was higher in A. yamamai than in B. mori for all of the substrates tested. $\alpha$-Glucosidase activity in the midgut of both B. mori and A. yamamai showed similar responses to changes in pH and temperature for all of the substrates tested. Native (7.5%) PAGE of hemolymph and midgut proteins from B. mori and A. yamamai followed by staining with 4-methylumbelliferyl $\alpha$-D-glucoside (MUG) indicated that the $\alpha$-glucosidases of these related lepidopterans are functionally similar but structurally different. In comparison to $\alpha$-glucosidase activity from A. yamamai, $\alpha$-glucosidase activity from B. mori was generally less sensitive to the $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitors, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), acarbose, and voglibose when the activity was determined using maltose, sucrose, and trehalose.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.427-429
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• 1996

We have already cloned an extracellular $\alpha$-glucosidase gene from Aspergillus niger with oligonucleotide probe synthesized on the basis of the peptide sequences determined previously. The DNA sequence revealed an open reading frame of 895 amino acids split by three introns. We are attempting to construct an A. niger strain deficient in the $\alpha$-glucosidase enzyme activity, which would be useful for the glucoamylase production without contamination by the industrially undesirable $\alpha$-glucosidase. For destruction of the $\alpha$-glucosidase gene, we try to make transformations. A cloned partial $\alpha$-glucosidase gene was introduced into Aspergillus niger, and transformants with suppressed $\alpha$-glucosidase activity were isolated. The transformants were cultured on YPD medium which contained Hygromycin B at 30$\circ$C. The activity of $\alpha$-glucosidase of the suppressed transformants was compared to that of wild type activity. As shown by southern-hybridization, we detected that the transformant was a heterocaryon.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2010

${\beta}$-Glucosidase 효소활성이 높은 균주를 선발하기 위하여 다양한 김치에서 분리된 젖산균의 ${\beta}$-glucosidase 활성을 탐색하였다. 김치에서 분리된 156개의 젖산균 중 134개의 균주만이 cellobiose를 탄소원으로 대사하였으며, 세포내 ${\beta}$-glucosidase 활성이 세포외 활성보다 현저히 높았다. 배추김치에서 분리된 W. cibaria KFRI88010 균주가 3.7${\pm}$0.5 unit/mg protein으로서 가장 높은 세포내 ${\beta}$-glucosidase 효소활성을 나타내었으며, 효소활성은 pH 5, ${37^{\circ}C}$ 반응조건에서 가장 높게 나타났다. $Mn^{2+}$를 비롯한 금속이온은 효소활성을 크게 저해하였다. W. cibaria KFRI88010 균주를 배양할 때 사용한 탄소원 중, fructose는 cellobiose나 glucose와 비교하여 약 2.5배 이상의 높은 세포내 ${\beta}$-glucosidase 효소활성을 나타내었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2017

Mulberry leaves containing 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) have been recognized as a potentially important source for prevent or treat hyperglycemia. However, DNJ content of natural mulberry leaf are as low as 0.1%. Thus, the most effective method for increasing ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity with the DNJ high-production is needed. In this study, we investigated the influence of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity according to different pH values (6-9) and inoculation amounts (0.1-0.5%) when Bacillus subtilis cultured on mulberry leaf powder media. We confirmed that ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity was difference according to culture conditions of different pH values, inoculation amounts, and fermentation times. The results of mulberry leaf fermentation according to pH values and inoculation amounts were shown that the optimal conditions for ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were defined as pH 7 and 9, inoculation amount 0.4%, and incubation until 2 to 4 days. These results can be provided a basic data for the optimal culture conditions increasing ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity from mulberry leaf fermentation.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.245-249
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• 2007

We investigated the fibrinolytic and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity of 55 wild mushroom methanol extracts. Among them, 14 mushrooms showed fibrinolytic activity. In particular, Amanita virgineoides showed the greatest enzyme activity (3.9 plasmin units/ml) by a fibrin plate assay. The fibrinolytic activities of Suillus pictus and Polypolellus varius were 3.8 plasmin units, and the activity of Gomphus fujisanensis was 2.8 plasmin units. Leccinum extremiorientale and Xerocomus nigromaculatus had the same activity with 2.3 plasmin units. In a ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity test, Lactarius sp. showed the greatest inhibitory activity at 97.3%. The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities of Clitocybe odora, Xerocomus nigromaculatus, Melanoleuca melaleuca, Suillus pictus, and Gyroporus castaneus were 84.3%, 77.9%, 74.6%, 68.7%, and 65.4%, respectively. According to the results, because Suillus pictus and Xerocomus nigromaculatus have strong fibrinolytic and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities, the two mushrooms will be used as materials for the development of new biofunctional food.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2021

The antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the solvent fraction fractionated from the methanol extract of Saururus chinensis Baill were examined. As a result of measuring the yields of methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, and water fractions, the extraction yield of fraction was 18.60, 3.38, 24.03, 7.75, 8.11 and 62.57%, respectively. The total polyphenol content of the methanol extract of Saururus chinensis Baill was 13.40, 4.62, 7.39, 31.24, 25.76 and 5.64 mg GAE/g, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC_50%) results were 20.81, 5.47, 10.15, 22.63, 19.68 and 21.06 ug/mL, respectively, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (IC_50%) results were 15.81, 2.69, 8.84, 12.80, 3.70 and 3.39 ug/mL. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity scavenging activity measurement (IC_50%) showed 33.63, 8.88, 16.93, 32.84, 33.79, and 33.71 ug/mL in methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate butanol, and water fractions, respectively. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the solvent fraction fractionated with the methanol extract of 300 sec was measured for the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate butanol, and water fraction, respectively, 15.85, 10.84, 15.74, 24.90, 2.58 and 35.70%.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2015

${\beta}$-Glucosidase, which hydrolyzes cellobiose into two glucoses, plays an important role in the process of saccharification of the lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, we optimized the activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase of brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis pinicola KCTC 6208 using the response surface methodology (RSM) with various concentrations of glucose, yeast extract and ascorbic acid, which are the most significant nutrients for activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase. The highest activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase was achieved 3.02% of glucose, 4.35% of yeast extract, and 7.41% ascorbic acid where ascorbic acid was most effective. The maximum activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase predicted by the RSM was 15.34 U/mg, which was similar to the experimental value 14.90 U/mg at the 16th day of incubation. This optimized activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase was 23.6 times higher than the preliminary activity value, 0.63 U/mg, and was also much higher than previous values reported in other fungi strains. Therefore, a simplified medium supplemented with a cheap vitamin source, such as ascorbic acid, could be a cost effective mean of increasing ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.387-394
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• 1998

A thermophilic bacterium (strain DG0303) producing a thermostable $\alpha$-glucosidase was isolated from manure and identified as Bacillus sp. Strain DG0303 produced high level of $\alpha$-glucosidase compared with other thermophilic Bacillus strains. The cellular protein patterns were also compared with other Bacillus strains by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE). On the basis of 16S rDNA analysis the Bacillus sp. DG0303 was found to be a member of Bacillus rDNA group 5. The optimum temperature for growth was 65$\circ$C and no growth was obtained at 40$\circ$C or 75$\circ$C. The optimum pH for growth was 5.5 to 8.5. $\alpha$-glucosidase activity was produced during growth and most activity was detected in the culture supernatant. The $\alpha$-glucosidase production was constitutive in the absence of carbohydrates. High level of enzyme activity was detected when the culture was grown on medium containing starch. Addition of glucose resulted in the repression of the $\alpha$-glucosidase production. The optimum pH and tempoerature for enzyme activity were pH 5.0 and 65$\circ$C, respectively. When analyzed by zymogram, the culture supernatant showed a single $\alpha$-glucosidase band with a molecular weight of approximately 60,000.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.993-999
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 선정한 생약재 및 복합처방단의 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성을 알아보았으며, 이 방법이 미백 소재 스크리닝을 위한 유용한 평가법인지를 알아보았다. 한의학과 민간에서 당뇨의 개선 및 치료 효과가 우수하다고 알려진 생약재 및 처방 중 죽력, 귀전우, 적양, 연자육, 마인, 청심연자음의 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성 저해 효과는 식후 혈당조절제인 acarbose와 비교하여 볼 때 우수한 효과를 나타내었다. 미백 효과가 알려진 연자육을 함유한 청심연자음 hydrolyzed EtOAc layer는 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 약 50% 멜라닌 생성 저해 효과를 보였다. 또한 청심연자음 hydrolyzed EtOAc layer는 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성 저해 효과가 우수하였으나 mushroom tyrosinase 활성 저해 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 이로써 청심연자음 hydrolyzed EtOAc layer는 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성을 저해시켜 tyrosinase의 glycosylation을 저해함으로써 멜라닌 생성 억제 효과가 나타나는 것으로 생각된다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성 억제 효과가 있으면서 당뇨병에 효과가 있는 생약재들은 N-linked glycoprotein인 tyrosinase의 glycosylation을 저해하여 tyrosinase의 세포 내 이동이나 활성을 억제함으로써 멜라닌 생성을 억제할 것으로 사료되며, 본 연구에서 선정된 생약재들은 당뇨병 치료를 위한 목적뿐만 아니라 화장품에서 새로운 미백 소재로서의 활용가치가 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 미백에 효과가 있는 소재 스크리닝을 위해 현재 널리 사용되고 있는 mushroom tyrosinase 활성 저해 효과와 다른 접근 방법으로써 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 활성 측정 방법도 하나의 평가법으로 유용할 것으로 생각된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2000

Cellulose 분해에 관련된 $\beta$-Glucosidase 효소 활성의 특성 파악을 위하여 송이균사(Tricholoma matsutake DGUM 26001)의 액체 배양시 세포외로 분비되는 $\beta$-Glucosidase 효소를 부분정제하여 그 특성을 조사하였다. 효소 활성에 미치는 적정 온도는 55-$70^{\circ}C$이었고 최적 온도는 $65^{\circ}C$이었다. 적정 효소활성에 영향을 주는 적정 pH는 3.0-5.0 범위였으며 최적 pH는 4.0이었다. Salicin을 기질로 최적 조건하에서 $\beta$-Glucosidase 효소의 비활성도는 18.7 unit/mg protein이었다. 열안정성은 $60^{\circ}C$이하의 온도에 60분간 열처리시 약 90%이상의 효소활성을 유지하였다. $Fe^{++}$이온은 효소활성을 촉진하였으나, $Hg^{++}$ 및 $Cu^{++}$이온은 효소활성을 매우 억제하였다. Salicin에 대한 효소활성을 100으로 하였을 때, cellobiose는 48.6%의 상대적 효소활성을 나타내었으며, cellobiose에 대한 Km값 및 Vmax값은 각각 0.12mM과 0.02umol/min었다.