• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVII)
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• pp.356-357
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• 2005

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.819-826
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• 2020

Production of Bacterial Cellulose (BC) by Gluconacetobacter sp. A5 was studied in shaken culture using different cost-effective carbon sources and its structural and mechanical properties were evaluated. Glycerol showed the highest level (7.26 g/l) of BC production, which was about three times higher than the yield in glucose medium. BC production depended not only on the decrease in pH, but also on the ability of Gluconacetobacter sp. A5 to synthesize glucose from different carbon sources and then polymerize it into BC. All BC produced from different carbon sources exhibited a three-dimensional reticulated structure consisting of ultrafine cellulose fibriles. Carbon sources did not significantly change the microfibrile structure of the resulting BC. BC produced from glucose medium had the lowest water-holding capacity, while BC from molasses medium had the highest. XRD data revealed that all BC were cellulose type I, the same as typical native cellulose. The crystalline strength of BC produced in glucose medium was the highest, and that in molasses medium was the lowest. Our results suggest that glycerol could be a potential low-cost substrate for BC production, leading to the reduction in the production cost, and also to produce BC with different mechanical properties by selecting appropriate carbon source.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.981-985
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• 2003

G. persimmonis KJ145$^{T}$ 를 사용하여 bacterial cellulose와 식초 동시 생산에 따른 성분변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 pH는 배양 8일째에 3.22로 감소하는 경향이었으며, 총산은 8일째에 가장 높은 4.66으로 나타났다. Brix는 배양기간 동안 거의 변화가 없었으며, 유리당은 fructose, glucose 및 sucrose로 구성되어 있고 fructose는 배양 종료 후, 10일째에도 거의 감소하지 않고 높게 나타났다. G. Persimmonis KJ145$^{T}$ 균체는 배양 2일부터 급격히 증가하여 4일에 가장 높게 나타났으며, bacterial cellulose는 배양기간이 길수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 발효액의 유기산은 malic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid 등이 검출되었으며, acetic acid는 발효 2일째부터 급격히 증가하여 8일째에 가장 높게 생성되었다. 따라서 bacterial cellulose와 초산을 동시에 생산하기 위한 최적배양기간은 8일 정도로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.394-398
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• 2002

양조식초발효탱크에서 9% 이상의 고산도 초산 생성균을 분리하여 그 균주의 특성을 규명하였다. 분리된 초산균은 AE중층 한천배지에서 연한 베이지색의 colony를 형성하였고 전자현미경 관찰 결과 간균, Gram음성의 세균으로 flag-ella가 관찰되지 않아 운동성이 없을 것으로 추정된다. 배양액을 검경한 결과 분리균은 단일균 또는 2개가 짝을 지어 있는 쌍구균임을 알 수 있었다. 이 분리균주의 최적 생육온도와 pH는 3$0^{\circ}C$와 2.7이었다. 4~8% 초산을 함유한 AE배지에서 잘 생육하였고 pH 2.5의 초산을 첨가한 배지에서 잘 생육하였으나 초산을 첨가하지 않은 AE배지에서는 생육하지 않았다. Glucose를 이용하여 2-, 5-ketogluconate를 형성하였다. Ethanol 존재 하에서는 잘 생육하였으나 lactate 존재 하에서는 생육이 억제되었으며 cellulose를 생성하지 않았다. HPLC로 분석한 DNA 염기 중의 G와 C 함량(mol%)은 56.2 mol%이었다. 분리된 초산균은 탄소원으로 fructose, maltose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol을 첨가한 배지에서 잘 생육하였고 AE액체 배지 에 ethanol을 첨가하였을 경우와 propanol를 첨가한 경우 모두 잘 생육하였다. 생화학적 특성 및 G와 C함량을 다른 표준균주들과 비교한 결과 분리된 균주는 Gluconacetobacter europeus임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.739-745
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• 2011

During the production of grape wine, the formation of thick leathery pellicle/bacterial cellulose (BC) at the airliquid interface was due to the bacterium, which was isolated and identified as Gluconacetobacter hansenii UAC09. Cultural conditions for bacterial cellulose production from G. hansenii UAC09 were optimized by central composite rotatable experimental design. To economize the BC production, coffee cherry husk (CCH) extract and corn steep liquor (CSL) were used as less expensive sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively. CCH and CSL are byproducts from the coffee processing and starch processing industry, respectively. The interactions between pH (4.5-8.5), CSL (2-10%), alcohol (0.5-2%), acetic acid (0.5-2%), and water dilution rate to CCH ratio (1:1 to 1:5) were studied using response surface methodology. The optimum conditions for maximum BC production were pH (6.64), CSL (10%), alcohol (0.5%), acetic acid (1.13%), and water to CCH ratio (1:1). After 2 weeks of fermentation, the amount of BC produced was 6.24 g/l. This yield was comparable to the predicted value of 6.09 g/l. This is the first report on the optimization of the fermentation medium by RSM using CCH extract as the carbon source for BC production by G. hansenii UAC09.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2005

제주산 감귤과즙을 이용하여 감귤식초를 제조할 목적으로 식초산 발효균 CV1과 CV2를 분리하고 식초산 생성능력을 산업적으로 이용되고 있는 균주와 비교 검정하고 165 rDNA 염기서열을 분석하고 동정하였다. 분리균은 8일간의 발효에 의하여 산도 $5.5\%$ 이상의 식초산을 생성하였으며, 감귤식초 발효에는 사과식초나 감식초 발효에 이용되고 있는 균주 보다 더욱 적합한 것으로 판정되었다. 분리한 균주는 Gluconacetobacter hanenii(CV2) 및 G. hanenii의 변이주(CV1)로 동정되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2004

Gluconacetobaacter hansenii TL-2C를 사용하여 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 14일간 정치발효하면서 감귤과즙 희석배율 및 탄소원의 종류와 농도가 겔 생성에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 감귤과즙으로는 제주개발공사에서 제조한 당도 65$^{\circ}$Brix의 서귀포산 온주밀감 농축액을 사용하였다. 농축과즙만으로 발효한 경우에는 과즙 6배 희석액에서 가장 두꺼운 7.5$\pm$0.44 mm의 겔이 생성되었으며, 정백당을 $10^{\circ}$Brix로 보당한 경우에는 100∼120배 희석액이 가장 적합하였다. 농축과즙 100배 희석액을 사용하여 당의 종류를 달리한 경우에는 glucose $10^{\circ}$Brix에서 가장 두꺼운 7.5$\pm$0.61 mm의 겔이 생성되었다. 정백당 $10^{\circ}$Brix를 함유한 과즙 희석액에 1.0%의 주정을 첨가한 경우에는 겔의 두께가 평균 15.1mm로 대조구에 비하여 약 1.85배로 증가되었으나 acetic acid 첨가는 효과가 없었다. 1.0%의 주정을 첨가하고 발효한 경우의 겔 수율은 평균 172g wet/L(4.7 g dry/L)로 확인되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2004

Screening was performed to isolate cellulose-producing microorganisms from the Korean traditional fermented persimmon vinegar. The resulting strain, KJ $145^{T}$, was then taxonomically investigated by phenotypic characterization, particularly chemotaxonomic, and by phylogenetic inference based on a 16S rDNA sequence analysis including other related taxa. Strain KJ $145^{T}$ was found to grow rapidly and form pale white colonies with smooth to rough surfaces on a GYC agar. Strain KJ $145^T$ also produced acetate from ethanol, and was tolerable to 10% ethanol in SM medium. In a static culture, a thick cellulose pellicle was produced, and in GYC broth, the strain grew at temperatures ranging from 28 to $40^\circ{C}$ with an optimum pH of 4.0. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain KJ $145^T$ was 61.9 mol%, and the predominant ubiquinone was Q 10 as the major quinone and Q9 as the minor quinone. The major cellular fatty acids were $C_{16:0}$ and the sum in feature 7 ($C_{18:1}$ w9c, w12t and/or w7c). A 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probe specific for strain KJ $145^T$was constructed, and the phylogenetic position of the new species was derived from a 16S rDNA-based tree. When comparing the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences, strain KJ $145^T$ was found to be most closely related to G. hansenii LMG $1527^T$ (99.2%), although KJ $145^T$ was still distinct from G. hansenii LMG $l527^T$ and G. xylinus LMG $1515^T$ in certain phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, on the basis of 16S rDNA sequences and taxonomic characteristics, it is proposed that strain KJ $145^T$ should be placed in the genus Gluconacetobacter as a new species, Gluconacetobacter persimmonis sp. nov., under the type-strain KJ $145^T$ (=KCTC =$10175BP^T$=KCCM=$10354^T$).

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.237-237
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• 2003

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.175-180
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• 2005

In this study, we investigated the optimal medium composition for bacterial cellulose (BC) production by Gluconacetobacter sp. RKY5. Among the various kinds of carbon sources, glycerol was the most efficient as a sole carbon source and its optimal concentration for BC production was 15 g/L. The optimal concentration of yeast extract as a nitrogen source for BC production was found to be 8 g/L. $K_{2}HPO_{4}$ and acetic acid were selected respectively as a phosphate source and a secondary substrate, and both optimal concentrations were 3 g/L. The amount of produced BC was 4.59 g/L in a static culture and 6.5 g/L in a shaking culture condition with 150 rpm. These values were 2.1 and 2.7 times higher than those in a static (2.16 g/L) and a shaking (2.41 g/L) cultures using HS medium generally used for BC production.