• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

Structural optimization is widely adopted in the design of structures with the development of computer aided design and computer technique recently. By applying the structural optimization in the last decades, designers have gained the design scheme of structures more feasibly and easily. In this paper, an optimal design of one 30-story high rise steel structure is performed considering material non-linearity. Based on finite element analysis and adaptive simulated annealing algorithm, the optimal weight of structure is derived under constraints of allowable yield stress, shear stress and serviceability.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.227-234
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• 2012

Recently, the population of toxic and/or unusable jellyfish is increasing during summer along the east coast of Korea, causing massive economical and ecological damage to fisheries, nuclear power plant and marine environment. To solve this problem, this study was carried out using jellyfish as a potential soil additive for horticulture. The jellyfish was solidified and homogenized, then mixed with a commercial bed soil. Allium tuberosum ROTH was planted to control bed soil (BS) and jellyfish powder mixed bed soil groups (Mixed bed soil, MBS), and following parameters were measured during five weeks: water content, electrical conductivity and growth of leaves. At the end of the experiment, bacterial community structures of each pot were analyzed by DGGE. The relative water adsorption of jellyfish powder was about 2.5 times greater compared to its dry weight. The water content of MBS group was significantly higher than BS group 6.5 to 14.2%, and the electric conductivity of MBS group was measured around 2.8 dS/m where BS group was resulted average of 1.8 dS/m. However, the leaves of BS group were grown 30% longer compared to MBS group. DGGE analysis of MBS group was shown in high number of phylum Bacteroidetes and increased diversity of Sphingobacteriia compared to BS group. Jellyfish powder as a soil additive surely will be a good candidate as humectant and microbiota stimulator, although there are several obstacles such as high electrical conductivity and residual alum salt which used for solidification of jellyfish.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.238-246
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• 2015

A unicellular red microalga was isolated from environmental freshwater in Korea, and its morphological, molecular, and biochemical properties were characterized. Morphological analysis revealed that the isolate was a unicellular biflagellated green microalga that formed a non-motile, thick-walled palmelloid or red aplanospore. To determine the taxonomical position of the isolate, its 18S rRNA and rbcL genes were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was performed. We found that the isolate was clustered together with other related Haematococcus strains showing differences in the rbcL gene. Therefore, the isolated microalga was classified into the genus Haematococcus, and finally designated Haematococcus sp. KORDI03. The microalga could be cultivated in various culture media under a broad range of pH and temperature conditions. Compositions of the microalgal cellular components were analyzed, and its protein, carbohydrate, and lipid compositions were estimated to be 21.1 ± 0.2%, 48.8 ± 1.8%, and 22.2 ± 0.9%, respectively. In addition, D-glucose and D-mannose were the dominant monosaccharides in the isolate, and its amino acids were composed mainly of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, and leucine. Moreover, several polyunsaturated fatty acids accounted for about 80% of the total fatty acids in Haematococcus sp. KORDI03, and the astaxanthin content in the red aplanospores was estimated to be 1.8% of the dry cell weight. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an Haematococcus sp. isolated from Korea, which may be used for bioresource production in the microalgal industry.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.154-162
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• 2003

In this paper, Associative Memory with Cellular Neural Networks classifies and recognizes image patterns as an operator applied to image process. CNN processes nonlinear data in real-time like neural networks, and made by cell which communicates with each other directly through its neighbor cells as the Cellular Automata does. It is applied to the optimization problem, associative memory, pattern recognition, and computer vision. Image processing with CNN is appropriate to 2-D images, because each cell which corresponds to each pixel in the image is simultaneously processed in parallel. This paper shows the method for designing the structure of associative memory based on CNN and getting output image by choosing the most appropriate weight pattern among the whole learned weight pattern memories. Each template represents weight values between cells and updates them by learning. Hebbian rule is used for learning template weights and LMS algorithm is used for classification.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1621-1626
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• 2012

Background and objectives: Weight loss and malnutrition are common among cancer patients, these two factors greatly affecting survival and quality of life during treatment. Since cancer is becoming increasingly common in the world and in order to provide better treatment measures, it is important to identify and prevent side effects. The present study has been conducted in 2010 on a sample of cancer patients in the oncology center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences to determine the prevalence rates of malnutrition and the factors affecting it. Methods: The PG-SGA standard questionnaire was administered to 416 cancer patients to evaluate their nutrition status and determine the frequency of each malnutrition stage. Correlations and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the relationship between factors and weight loss and how they might affect the development of malnutrition. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition among the patients was 53.1% out of which 29.1% had moderate and 24% had severe malnutrition. The most common factors inducing nutritional symptoms were depression and anorexia. Some 35 % of the patients had over 5% weight loss in the last mouth. The average PG-SGA score was 10.1 with 49 being the highest. 46.1 percent of the patients scored over 9 (requiring critical nutrient intervention). Malnutrition has a high correlation with weight loss, activity limitations, nutritional symptoms, and cancer stage, but low correlation with treatment and pathologic type. Conclusion: Malnutrition has a high prevalence in Iranian cancer patients and has a close relationship with mortality, morbidity and treatment-related problems and also quality of life. Therefore, periodical assessment by PG-SGA to detect malnutrition in patients should be made so that appropriate nutritional interventions can be provided.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2004

Stress is a global menace exacerbated by the advancement of industrialization. Failure of stress management is to a breakdown of the psychological and physiological protection mechanisms against stress. The aim of present study was to investigate the anti-stress potential of ginseng against immobilization stress. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=24) were divided into three groups; (i) control, (ii) immobilization stress (2hr daily, for 2 weeks), and (iii) immobilization stress (2 hr daily, for 2 weeks) plus oral administration of ginseng (200 mg/kg BW Id). Immobilization stress resulted in a significant inhibition of body weight gain by 45 % and a significant decrease in the tissue weights of thymus and spleen (p < 0.05). The concentrations of blood GOT and GPT were significantly increased in the immobilization-stressed group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the blood cholesterol levels among groups. Ginseng administration in the immobilization-stressed group tended to reverse the lack of body weight gain and food intake, though not significantly. The ginseng-administered group showed a significant reversal in the stress-induced effect on spleen and thymus weight, increasing the tissue weights by 16% and 20%, respectively, compared to immobilization-stressed group (p<0.05). The plasma corticosterone level was significantly increased in the stressed group by 39 % compared to the control group (p<0.05), but ginseng administration significantly reversed the stress-induced increase in plasma corticosterone by 15 % compared to the immobilization-stressed group. The present study suggests that the anti-stress effect of ginseng is mediated by normalization of stress-induced changes in the circulating hormones and a reversal of tissue weight loss, thereby returning the body to normal homeostasis.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.43-48
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• 2018

An etchant capable of forming a circuit in an FTO film that can replace ITO, which depends on full imports, was prepared. The etching solution is composed of 1 to 30% by weight of fluoride, 1 to 20% by weight of acid, 0.5 to 5% by weight of surfactant, 5 to 20% by weight of solvent, 0.5 to 10% by weight of corrosion inhibitor and the balance of water. This etchant can be etched using a dry film, thereby reducing the cost, and is free from bubbles and residue of the etchant. The characteristics of the etchant were etched in a time of 2 minute with a 100 nm thick FTO, and the etchant temperature was maintained at $50^{\circ}C$. An undercut of -0.00364% was obtained when put into a 2 minute etching solution. No harmful substances such as Cd, Pb, Hg and Cr components were measured. The use of FTO in Korea where rare earths do not exist can achieve localization and import substitution effect.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1238-1254
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Weight loss via a mobile application (App) or a paper-based diary (Paper) may confer favorable metabolic and anthropometric changes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A randomized parallel trial was conducted among 57 adults whose body mass indices (BMIs) were 25 kg/m² or greater. Participants randomly assigned to either the App group (n = 30) or the Paper group (n = 27) were advised to record their foods and supplements through App or Paper during the 12-week intervention period. Relative changes of anthropometries and biomarker levels were compared between the 2 intervention groups. Untargeted metabolic profiling was identified to discriminate metabolic profiles. RESULTS: Out of the 57 participants, 54 participants completed the trial. Changes in body weight and BMI were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P = 0.11). However, body fat and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels increased in the App group but decreased in the Paper group, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03 for body fat and 0.02 for LDL-cholesterol). In the metabolomics analysis, decreases in methylglyoxal and (S)-malate in pyruvate metabolism and phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) in linoleic acid metabolism from pre- to post-intervention were observed in the Paper group. CONCLUSIONS: In the 12-week randomized parallel trial of weight loss through a App or a Paper, we found no significant difference in change in BMI or weight between the App and Paper groups, but improvement in body fatness and LDL-cholesterol levels only in the Paper group under the circumstances with minimal contact by dietitians or health care providers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.68-77
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• 1990

In this paper, a neural patten recognition method for the automatic circuit diagram reading system is proposed. The proposed procedure to recognize a deformed logic symbols is composed of three stages: feature detection, log mapping, and pattern classification. In the feature detection stage, a modified competitive learning algorithm where each pattern has the inhibition weight as well as the activation weight is developed. The global information of hand-written logic symbols is obtained by the feature detection neural network having both the inhibition and activation weights. The obtained global data is then transformed into a log space by the conformal mapping where according to the Schwartz's theory about the human visual signal process-ing, the degree of rotation and the scale change are mapped into the translation change. Logic symbols are finally classified by a three layer perceptron trained by the error back propagation algorithm. The computer simulation demonstrates that the proposed multistage neural network system can recognize well the deformed patterns of hand-written logic circuit diagrams.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.5-14
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• 2015

Recently, the use of wood resources has been limited due to global environmental change, like global warming and desertification. It is very critical in Korea's paper industries because lots of virgin pulp are dependant on direct import from abroad for printing grade of paper. In this work, the alternatively best available technique for reducing the import amounts of BKP (bleached Kraft pulp) was considered by mixing DIP (deinked pulp) and TMP (thermomechanical pulp) for the manufacture of high quality paper. Generally known, the sheet prepared from fibrous raw materials of DIP and TMP has lower strength and optical properties than that prepared from BKP. This study was aimed to improve the sheet quality by using DIP and TMP. 4 kinds of polyelectrolytes were approached to find out the best effects on physical strength and optical brightness improvements, and high retention behaviors with GCC (ground calcium carbonate). In conclusion, amphoteric PAM with 1,000,000 molecular weight (g/mol) and 0.5 charge density (meq/g) was best for the improvement of strength properties with the mixture of DIP and TMP. GCC retention rate was also the highest with cationic-PAM of above 2,000,000 molecular weight (g/mol) and about 2.0-3.0 charge density (meq/g) of strengthening agent.