• Title/Summary/Keyword: Global Pandemic

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Changes in the Hospital Standardized Mortality Ratio Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Disaggregated Analysis by Region and Hospital Type in Korea

  • EunKyo Kang;Won Mo Jang;Min Sun Shin;Hyejin Lee;Jin Yong Lee
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.56 no.2
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    • pp.180-189
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a global shortage of medical resources; therefore, we investigated whether COVID-19 impacted the quality of non-COVID-19 hospital care in Korea by comparing hospital standardized mortality rates (HSMRs) before and during the pandemic. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed Korean National Health Insurance discharge claim data obtained from January to June in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020. Patients' in-hospital deaths were classified according to the most responsible diagnosis categories. The HSMR is calculated as the ratio of expected deaths to actual deaths. The time trend in the overall HSMR was analyzed by region and hospital type. Results: The final analysis included 2 252 824 patients. In 2020, the HSMR increased nationwide (HSMR, 99.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 97.7 to 101.0) in comparison to 2019 (HSMR, 97.3; 95% CI, 95.8 to 98.8). In the COVID-19 pandemic zone, the HSMR increased significantly in 2020 (HSMR, 112.7; 95% CI, 107.0 to 118.7) compared to 2019 (HSMR, 101.7; 95% CI, 96.9 to 106.6). The HSMR in all general hospitals increased significantly in 2020 (HSMR, 106.4; 95% CI, 104.3 to 108.5) compared to 2019 (HSMR, 100.3; 95% CI, 98.4 to 102.2). Hospitals participating in the COVID-19 response had a lower HSMR (HSMR, 95.6; 95% CI, 93.9 to 97.4) than hospitals not participating in the COVID-19 response (HSMR, 124.3; 95% CI, 119.3 to 129.4). Conclusions: This study suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic may have negatively impacted the quality of care in hospitals, especially general hospitals with relatively few beds. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to prevent excessive workloads in hospitals and to properly employ and coordinate the workforce.

Association between Changes in Daily Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Depressive Symptoms in Korean University Students

  • Young-Mee Kim;Sung-il Cho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.103-112
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in late 2019, had a profound impact on global public health and disrupted the daily lives of people worldwide. Particularly, university students faced a challenging situation as their university life underwent a drastic transformation due to long-term remote learning and isolation measures. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in daily life during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and depressive symptoms among university students aged between 19 and 29 in Korea. Methods: We analyzed data from the nationally representative 2020 Community Health Survey (CHS). Among the 229,269 participants, 9,279 university students aged 19-29, either enrolled or on leave, were selected. After excluding 401 cases with missing values, the final sample comprised 8,878 individuals. Using multivariate logistic regression with a complex sample design, we explored the association between daily life changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and depressive symptoms. Results: Changes in daily life during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with depressive symptoms in Korean university students aged 19 to 29, even after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and COVID-19-related aspects (OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.09~1.50). Conclusion: Our study suggests that when examining the impact of COVID-19 on health issues, it is crucial to consider the changes in daily life caused by the pandemic. These findings can provide insights into the psychological well-being of university students during times of crisis.

Proposal of AI-based Graffiti Robot for Children disconnected from Peers with COVID-19 (코로나19로 또래와 단절된 아동을 위한 인공지능 낙서 로봇 제안)

  • Song, Ju-Yeon;Lee, Kang-Hee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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    • 2020.07a
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    • pp.29-31
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    • 2020
  • 본 논문에서는 코로나19 사태로 인한 팬데믹(pandemic) 현상으로 인해 또래와 단절된 아동들의 정서발달을 위해 인공지능 낙서 로봇인 Doodle Robot을 제안한다. Doodle Robot은 또래 형제가 없는 아동에게 함께 그림을 그릴 수 있는 그림친구로서 아동의 정서적 발달에 기여한다. YOLO 알고리즘을 사용하여 객체검출기능을 구현하였고 낙서 Data는 Quick! Draw Dataset에서 추출하였다.

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Budget Allocation for Emergency Support Funding System During Global Pandemic (글로벌 팬데믹 상황에서의 긴급지원금 예산 배분 정책에 대한 연구)

  • Park, Ki-Kun;Kim, Do-Hee;Kim, Seul-Gi;Choi, Ji-Won;Bae, Hye-Rim
    • The Journal of Bigdata
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.97-110
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    • 2020
  • The global pandemics occurred in 2020 had a great economic impact on the world, and the impact was especially greater on self-employed people who were heavily affected by the floating population and tourism industry. To solve this problem, each country implemented emergency disaster support policies, and it was difficult to select the criteria and scope. The following research carried out two results. First, after analyzing the impact of global pandemics on the local economy, an economical index was defined that could explain the impact intuitively. Second, we propose linear programming methods to provide optimal budget policy using defined indicators, which present economic shock indicators and optimal years that can be considered quickly and easily by the government. Finally, the limitations and implications of the proposed study model are introduced.

Consumer Attitude on Global Contents and the Purchase Intention to Global Products: The Moderating Role of Ethnocentrism (글로벌콘텐츠 만족도 및 호감도가 글로벌제품 구매의도에 미치는 영향과 자민족중심주의의 조절효과)

  • Kim, ByoungJo
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.8 no.6
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    • pp.581-587
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    • 2022
  • After pandemic crisis, the volume and amount of watching global contents through OTT platforms have been increased explosively. This study investigates the relationship between consumers' attitude measured by satisfaction and favorability on global contents and purchase intention to global products with the moderating effect of ethnocentrism of consumers. Survey method using structured questionnaire was conducted on university students. As a result, the more satisfied and favored on global contents, the stronger purchase intention to global products. And the relationship is negatively moderated by consumers' ethnocentrism. Implications and future research issues are summarized.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Malaysian Stock Market: Evidence from an Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bound Testing Approach

  • GAMAL, Awadh Ahmed Mohammed;AL-QADASI, Adel Ali;NOOR, Mohd Asri Mohd;RAMBELI, Norimah;VISWANATHAN, K. Kuperan
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.7
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2021
  • This paper investigates the impact of the domestic and global outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the trading size of the Malaysian stock (MS) market. The theoretical model posits that stock markets are affected by their response to disasters and events that arise in the international or local environments, as well as to several financial factors such as stock volatility and spread bid-ask prices. Using daily time-series data from 27 January to 12 May 2020, this paper utilizes the traditional Augmented Dickey and Fuller (ADF) technique and Zivot and Andrews with structural break' procedures for a stationarity test analysis, while the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method is applied according to the trading size of the MS market model. The analysis considered almost all 789 listed companies investing in the main stock market of Malaysia. The results confirmed our hypotheses that both the daily growth in the active domestic and global cases of coronavirus (COVID-19) has significant negative effects on the daily trading size of the stock market in Malaysia. Although the COVID-19 has a negative effect on the Malaysian stock market, the findings of this study suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic may have an asymmetric effect on the market.

Digital Transformation Shift in Global Pharmaceutical Industry Going through the Covid-19 Pandemic Era

  • Il Seo;Hak Kyun Yang;Min Joon Seo;Sung Hyun Kim;Jin Tae Hong
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.054-074
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    • 2023
  • With the advent of the '4th Industrial Revolution', digitalization using AI (Artificial Intelligence), big data, IoT (Internet of Things), cloud computing and mobile is accelerating across all industries and global companies have fundamentally reorganized customer experiences, business models, and operations centering on digital transformation. Business innovation drives productivity improvement, process simplification, price, competitiveness and sustainable expansion. Whether digital transformation will be necessary for the current industrial environment is no longer important, and how quickly companies achieve digitalization has emerged as the utmost crucial element in industrial continuity. As non-face-to-face and remote technologies have begun in earnest, and accelerated in the pharmaceutical industry. They are looking for ways to provide value, generate profits, improve efficiency, and sustain the future. Compared to other industries, the pharmaceutical-related sectors have shown high interest in digital transformation especially to reduce costs and meet the challenge of delivering products during the pandemic environment.

Responsible usage of digital technologies to manage SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (코로나19 대응을 위한 책임 있는 디지털 기술의 활용 방안)

  • Kim, Hongjun;Eom, Jung Ho
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.99-108
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    • 2020
  • The COVID-19 pandemic have been spreading continuously across the world, hence it is difficult to expect coming to an end in a short period of time. The use of digital technology has shown tangible results in suppressing COVID-19, but raised privacy and data-protection concerns. In the context of the global efforts to deal with the coronavirus pandemic, various digital technologies are taking on a role in surveillance, monitoring, and forecasting. Also the Korea government manages Corona crisis based on legal basis. In this paper, Korea and each country's response to the Corona 19 pandemic are shown, and suggests ways to protect personal information while using digital tools. Large-scale data collection and processing is essential for the suppression of pandemic, but it should be limited to the level and scope required privacy. Also international cooperation, temporary and transparent use of personal information, the corresponding legal basis are necessary. As the use of data and algorithms is expected to continue to increase, technical and institutional efforts to reinforce privacy protection must continue.

Sub-Health Status Survey and Influential Factor Analysis in Chinese during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

  • Pan, Yanbin;Yan, Jianlong;Lu, Wanxian;Shan, Miaohang
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.5-14
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: This study aimed to investigate sub-health status (SHS) of people living in China during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection-induced acute infectious disease, which is featured by universal susceptibility and strong infectivity, and SHS (a status of low quality health) refers to a status of low-quality health. COVID-19 has gradually developed into a global pandemic, making the public in a high stress situation in physiological, psychological and social states in the short term. Methods: From March 6 to 11, 2020, a large-scale cross-sectional survey was conducted by convenient sampling, and SHS assessment scale was used in the questionnaire. The ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting SHS. Results: In this study, 17,078 questionnaires were delivered with 16,820 effective questionnaires collected, and 10,715 subjects (63.7%) were found with SHS, with moderate SHS primarily. Physiological sub-scale scored the highest, followed by psychological and social sub-scales. Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that man, only-child, workers and farmers were risk factors of SHS. Protective factors of SHS included living in rural areas and townships, laid-off retirees and education degree. Conclusion: It shows many people in China place in a poor health status during COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary that relevant departments pay more attention to people with poor health such as men, only-child, urban people, workers and farmers, and groups with high education degree during and after pandemic stabilization.

Effects of Screen Time on Problematic Behavior in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea

  • Iyeon Kim;Sangha Lee;Su-Jin Yang;Donghee Kim;Hyojin Kim;Yunmi Shin
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.175-180
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a decrease in face-to-face classes worldwide, affecting the mental health of children and their parents. The global pandemic has increased children's overall use of electronic media. This study analyzed the effect of children's screen time on problematic behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 186 parents from Suwon, South Korea, were recruited to participate in an online survey. The mean age of the children was 10.14 years old, and 44.1% were females. The questionnaire included questions on children's screen time, problematic behaviors, and parental stress. Children's behavioral problems were evaluated using the Behavior Problem Index, whereas the Parental Stress Scale was used to estimate parental stress. Results: The mean smartphone usage frequency of the children was 5.35 days per week, and the mean smartphone screen time was 3.52 hours per day. Smartphone screen time (Z=4.49, p<0.001) and usage frequency (Z=2.75, p=0.006) were significantly correlated with children's behavioral problem scores. The indirect effect of parental stress on this relationship was also statistically significant (p=0.049, p=0.045, respectively). Conclusion: This study suggests that children's smartphone screen time has affected problematic behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, parental stress is related to the relationship between children's screen time and problematic behaviors.