• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2001

Synthetic pulmonary surfactants consisting of a mixture of phospholipids with synthetic peptides based on human surfactant-associated protein SP-B were prepared. These surfactants were analyzed f3r their secondary structures by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy. Two synthetic peptides (SP-B(3), SP-B(4)) combined with the phospholipid mixture displayed significant surfactant properties. The CD spectra showed that the u-helical propensities of the peptides in DPC micelles. In the NMR spectroscopy, the tertiary structures of SP-B(3) show that it has $\alpha$-helical structure from Gln5 to Arg13 in DPC micelle and SP-B(4) show that they have $\alpha$-helical structure from Gln5 to Leu12 in DPC micelle. Based on these structures, truncated peptides originated from SP-B protein, can be designed as effective synthetic surfactants for clinical use.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2009

Genistein has been reported to potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Inhibitory activity on tyrosine kinase or activation of protein kinase A (PKA) was shown to play a role in the genistein-induced potentiation effect on GSIS. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism of genistein-induced potentiation of insulin secretion. Genistein augmented insulin secretion in INS-1 cells stimulated by various energygenerating nutrients such as glucose, pyruvate, or leucine/glutamine (Leu/Gln), but not the secretion stimulated by depolarizing agents such as KCl and tolbutamide, or $Ca^{2+}$ channel opener Bay K8644. Genistein at a concentration of $50{\mu}M$ showed a maximum potentiation effect on Leu/Gln-stimulated insulin secretion, but this was not sufficient to inhibit the activity of tyrosine kinase. Inhibitor studies as well as immunoblotting analysis demonstrated that activation of PKA was little involved in genistein-induced potentiation of Leu/Gln-stimulated insulin secretion. On the other hand, all the inhibitors of $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin kinase II tested, significantly diminished genistein-induced potentiation. Genistein also elevated the levels of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ and phospho-CaMK II. Furthermore, genistein augmented Leu/Gln-stimulated insulin secretion in CaMK II-overexpressing INS-1 cells. These data suggest that the activation of CaMK II played a role in genistein-induced potentiation of insulin secretion.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.2811-2819
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• 2016

Multiple genetic and environmental factors have been reported to play key role in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here, we investigated interactions of XRCC1 Arg399Gln and XRCC2 Arg188His polymorphisms and environmental factors in modulating susceptibility to NPC in Northeast India. One-hundred NPC patients, 90 first-degree relatives of patients and 120 controls were enrolled in the study. XRCC1 Arg399Gln and XRCC2 Arg188His polymorphisms were determined using PCR-RFLP, and the results were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Logistic regression (LR) and multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) approaches were applied for statistical analysis. The XRCC1 Gln/Gln genotype showed increased risk (OR=2.76; P<0.024) of NPC. However, individuals with both XRCC1 and XRCC2 polymorphic variants had 3.2 fold elevated risk (P<0.041). An enhanced risk of NPC was also observed in smoked meat (OR=4.07; P=0.004) and fermented fish consumers (OR=4.34, P=0.001), and tobacco-betel quid chewers (OR=7.00; P=0.0001) carrying XRCC1 polymorphic variants. However, smokers carrying defective XRCC1 gene showed the highest risk (OR = 7.47; P<0.0001). On MDR analysis, the best model for NPC risk was the five-factor model combination of XRCC1 variant genotype, fermented fish, smoked meat, smoking and chewing (CVC=10/10; TBA=0.636; P<0.0001); whereas in interaction entropy graphs, smoked meat and tobacco chewing showed synergistic interactions with XRCC1. These findings suggest that interaction of genetic and environmental factors might increase susceptibility to NPC in Northeast Indian populations.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the body composition, biochemical parameters, and consumption of convenience foods according to leptin receptor polymorphism in university students. A survey was conducted on a total of 418 students - 271 males and 147 females. Based on a self-reporting method, questionnaires were administered for over 20 minutes, and leptin receptor and blood samples were analyzed. The genotype frequencies of leptin receptor polymorphism were Gln/Arg heterozygote (64.8%) and Gln/Gln homozygote (35.2%). Leptin polymormphism showed no significant association with biochemical parameters(ALT, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and hemoglobin) and body composition. GG homozygote was associated with a higher risk of visceral fat obesity compared to those with GA heterozygote (odd ratio 1.758, 95% confidence intervals 0.812~3.803). Leptin polymorphism appeared to be a genetic risk factor for visceral fat obesity. This study suggests that leptin polymorphism has a causative role to body fat distribution in Korean.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1133-1140
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• 2014

Altered DNA repair capacity can result in increased susceptibility to cancer. The base excision repair (BER) pathway effectively removes DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation and reactive oxidative species (ROS). In the current study, we analyzed the possible relation of polymorphisms in BER genes, including 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 protein (XRCC1), with breast cancer risk in Chinese Han women. This case-control study examined 194 patients with breast cancer and 245 cancer-free hospitalized control subjects. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of OGG1 (Ser326Cys), XRCC1 (Arg399Gln), and APE1 (Asp148Glu and -141T/G) were genotyped and analyzed for their association with breast cancer risk using multivariate logistic regression models. We found that XRCC1 Arg399Gln was significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Similarly, the XRCC1 Gln allele was significantly associated with an elevated risk in postmenopausal women and women with a high BMI (${\geq}24kg/m^2$). The OGG1 Cys allele provided a significant protective effect against developing cancer in women with a low BMI (< $24kg/m^2$). When analyzing the combined effects of these alleles on the risk of breast cancer, we found that individuals with ${\geq}2$ adverse genotypes (XRCC1 399Gln, APE1 148Asp, and OGG1 326Ser) were at a 2.18-fold increased risk of breast cancer (P = 0.027). In conclusion, our data indicate that Chinese women with the 399Gln allele of XRCC1 have an increased risk of breast cancer, and the combined effects of polymorphisms of BER genes may contribute to tumorigenesis.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.59-62
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• 2015

We investigated photo-induced electron transfer (PET) in a dye-labeled peptide, fluorophore-Ala-Gly-Gln-Tyr, employing time-resolved fluorescence. As an effort to develop new functional dyes, we studied an acriflavine derivative for the electron-acceptor in the excited state from tyrosine, an electrondonor in the ground-state. The pH dependence of the fluorescence lifetime of the model peptide indicates that electron transfer between the excited dye and tyrosine occurs when the tyrosine is deprotonated. The proton-coupled electron transfer appears to be sequential rather than concerted. We also report direct time measurements on the end-to-end loop formation processes of the peptide in water.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.556-564
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• 2007

목 적 : 본 연구에서는 현증 천식 환자의 BHR에는 기도 염증이 중요한 요인으로 작용하기 때문에 ${\beta}_2$-아드레날린 수용체 유전자와의 연관성이 나타나지 않지만, 청소년기 천식 관해 상태에서 지속되는 BHR에는 상대적으로 유전적인 영향이 강하기 때문에 ${\beta}_2$-아드레날린 수용체 유전자와의 연관성이 나타날 것이라는 가설을 세우고, 이를 검증해 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 장기간 천식 관해 상태(최근 2년간 천식 증상이 없고 치료가 필요 없었던 경우)에서 BHR이 지속되는 청소년 202명(천식 관해군), 현증 천식 청소년 182명(현증 천식군), 정상군 200명을 대상으로, 메타콜린 기관지 유발검사와 피부단자시험을 시행하였으며 혈청 총 IgE를 측정하였다. ${\beta}_2$-아드레날린 수용체 유전자의 일배체형 분석을 위해 아미노산 16번과 27번을 포함하고 있는 ${\beta}_2$-아드레날린 수용체 유전자 부위를 polymerase chain reaction(PCR)으로 증폭한 뒤, 16번 유전형은 allele specific PCR, 27번 유전형은 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 방법으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : Gly 동형접합자(homozygote)의 빈도는 정상군에서 14.5%, 현증 천식군에서 18.1%, 천식 관해군에서 24.2%로 증가하는 경향이 관찰되었으며(P=0.01), 현증 천식군과 정상군 사이에서는 차이가 없었지만 천식 관해군과 정상군 사이에서는 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다(P=0.01). Gly16-Gln27 일배체형 빈도는 정상군에서 36.5%, 현증 천식군에서 40.4%, 천식 관해군에서 44.6%로 증가하는 경향이 관찰되었으며(P=0.02), 현증 천식군과 정상군 사이에서는 차이가 없었지만 천식 관해군과 정상군 사이에서는 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다(P=0.02). 천식 관해군에서 Gly16-Gln27 일배체형의 수가 증가함에 따라 $PC_{20}$ 기하 평균값이 유의한 차이를 보임으로써(P=0.02) Gly16-Gln27 일배체형과 $PC_{20}$ 사이의 연관성이 관찰되었으나 현증 천식군에서는 이러한 연관성이 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론 : ${\beta}_2$-아드레날린 수용체 유전자가 BHR을 유발하는 유전자적 배경을 가지면서 천식 질병을 조절하는 역할을 하고 있음을 시사한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2541-2545
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• 2012

Objective: To investigate any association between XRCC1 and XRCC3 polymorphisms and outcome of platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. Methods: With a prospective study design was cases were consecutively collected from January 2005 to January 2007. All 310 included patients were followed-up until the end of January 2010. Genotyping of XRCC1 and XRCC3 polymorphisms was conducted by TaqMan Gene Expression assays. Results: A total of 191 patients died during follow-up. Our study showed a lower survival rate in XRCC1 399 Arg/Arg genotype than Gln/Gln, with a significant increased risk of death (HR=1.69, 95%CI=1.07-2.78). Similarly, those carrying XRCC3 Thr/Thr genotype had a increased risk as compare to the Met/Met genotype, with a HR (95% CI) of 1.90 (1.12-3.41). There was no significant association between XRCC1 Arg194Trp and XRCC1Arg280His gene polymorphisms and ovarian cancer death. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that polymorphisms in DNA repair genes have roles in the susceptibility and survival of ovarian cancer patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.723-727
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• 2005

Ghrelin is a novel growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide, which has been purified and identified in rat stomach. In the present study, the full-length sequence of bovine ghrelin cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR. The bovine ghrelin cDNA sequence derived in the present study included a 348 bp open reading frame and a 137 bp 3'UTR. The putative amino acid sequence of bovine prepro-ghrelin consisted of 116 amino acids, which contained the 27-amino acid ghrelin. The sequence analysis of the bovine ghrelin gene revealed that an intron existed between Gln$^{13}$ and Arg$^{14}$ of ghrelin. This exon-intron boundary matched the GT-AG rule of the splicing mechanism. Compared with rats, which have two tandem CAG sequences in the 3'end of intron, bovine ghrelin genome has only one CAG sequence. Therefore, although rats can produce 28 amino acid-ghrelin and 27 amino acid-des-Gln$^{14}$-ghrelin by alternative splicing, ruminant species, including bovines, might be able to produce only one type of ghrelin peptide, des-Gln$^{14}$-ghrelin. The influence of aging on plasma ghrelin concentration was also examined. Plasma ghrelin concentration increased after birth to approximately 600 days of age, and then remained constant.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5007-5010
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• 2012

Objective: We conducted a prospective study to test the association between three amino acid substitution polymorphismic variants of DNA repair genes, XRCC1 (Arg194Trp), XRCC1(Arg280His) and XRCC1 (Arg399Gln), and clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: 195 patients with primary advanced ovarian cancer and treated by adjuvant chemotherapy were included in our study. All were followed-up from Jan. 2007 to Jan. 2012. Genotyping of XRCC1 polymorphisms was conducted by TaqMan Gene Expression assays. Results: The XRCC1 194 Trp/Trp genotype conferred a significant risk of death from ovarian cancer when compared with Arg/Arg (HR=1.56, 95%CI=1.04-3.15). Similarly, those carrying the XRCC1 399 Gln/Gln genotype had a increased risk of death as compared to the XRCC1 399Arg/Arg genotype with an HR (95% CI) of 1.98 (1.09-3.93). Conclusion: This study is the first to provide evidence that XRCC1 gene polymorphisms would well be useful as surrogate markers of clinical outcome in ovarian cancer cases undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.