• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.149-153
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• 1982

To investigate the effect of light intensity on the growth of shoots and roots, water and chlorophyll contents in the ginseng leaf were determined at 5%, l0%, 20%, 30% light transmittance rate (LTR) with 1,2 and 4 year-old ginseng plants in the field. Stem length, size of the leaf, water and chlorophyll contents were decreased as the increase of the light intensity in all ages of ginseng plants. The degree of decrease was severe in the one year-old ginseng compared to that of 2, or 4 year-old ginseng, while there was no difference between the 2 and 4 year-old plants. Root weight per plant was highest at 5% LTR in the one year-old plants, while it was at 20% LTR in the 2 and 4 year-old plants. Generally, demand of light for the growth of one year-old ginseng was lower than those of 2 or 4 year-old plants there was no difference of it among the ginseng plants older than 2 years.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 1992

Extracts of Panax ginseng root significantly induced tolerance of Fusarium oxysporum to heavy metal, mecury, as the fungal mycelial growth was less inhibited by mercury chloride on potato dextrose medium(PDA) amended with ginseng root than on the PDA with no ginseng amendment. The most favorable concentration of ginseng root powder in detoxification of mercury chloride was 1%. The induced tolerance of F. oxysporum to mercury chloride appeared to be rather due to absorption of ginseng components, and was not related to stimulation of mycelial growth of the fungus per so by ginseng treatment. Ginseng components responsible for inducing tolerance of the fungus to mercury were involved in the water fraction of the ginseng root extract, although the water fraction had no effect on enhancement of the mycelial growth on the medium without mercury chloride. The hexane fraction of ginseng root extract, by which the mycelial growth was stimulated, was not related to the inducement of the tolerance to mercury chloride. However, more tolerance to mercury chloride was noted in PDA with both the water and hexane fractions combined than with either of the two fractions. Six-year-old ginseng roots were more effective in detoxification of mercury chloride than 4-year-old ginsng roots, and American ginseng (P quinquifolium) had no or little effect on inducing tolerance of the fungus to mercury chloride. This method may be used to screen other natural materials for test in the detoxification of mercury chloride.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.296-303
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• 2022

Background: Skin microbiota is important for maintenance of skin homeostasis; however, its disturbance may cause an increase in pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, we aimed to develop a red ginseng formulation that can selectively promote beneficial bacteria. Methods: The effects of red ginseng formulation on microorganism growth were analyzed by comparing the growth rates of Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acnes. Various preservatives mixed with red ginseng formulation were evaluated to determine the ideal composition for selective growth promotion of S. epidermidis. Red ginseng formulation with selected preservative was loaded into a biocompatible polymer mixture and applied to the faces of 20 female subjects in the clinical trial to observe changes in the skin microbiome. Results: Red ginseng formulation promoted the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis compared to fructooligosaccharide. When 1,2-hexanediol was applied with red ginseng formulation, only S. epidermidis showed selective growth. The analysis of the release rates of ginsenoside-Rg1 and -Re revealed that the exact content of Pluronic F-127 was around 11%. The application of hydrogel resulted in a decrease in C. acnes in all subjects. In subjects with low levels of S. epidermidis, the distribution of S. epidermidis was significantly increased with the application of hydrogel formulation and total microbial species of subjects decreased by 50% during the clinical trial. Conclusion: We confirmed that red ginseng formulation with 1,2-hexanediol can help maintain skin homeostasis through improvement of skin microbiome.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1987년도 Proceedings of Korea-Japan Panax Ginseng Symposium 1987 Seoul Korea
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• pp.89-107
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• 1987

For the elucidation of significance of saponin as quality criterion of ginseng ginsenoside content(GC) and ginsenoside pattern similarity(GPS) by simple correlation were investigated in relation to red ginseng quality factors, age, plant part, harvest season, mineral nutrition, soil physical characteristics, growth light and temperature, shading material, growth location, physiological disease and crop stand through survey of ginseng plantstions, field experiments, water culture and phytotron experiments. Effect of tissue culture was also reviewed. GC was negatively correlated with good quality of red ·ginseng and positively with bad quality. Age did not show any consistency with GC but GPS was less with the increase of age difference. GPS was less or not significant between taproot that is lowest in GC and epidermis highest, and significant between leaf and taproot. Harvest season marked with the lowest GC and Pattern was also different. Nutrient imbalance, the increase of hazardous soil nutrient and physical condition to growth increased GC, but GPS was little different. The higher the growth lights intensity and temperature the higher the GC but GPS was little changed. Root rust increased GC, but root scab decreased it. Sponge-like and inside cavity phenomena increased GC. Ginsenoside pattern of cultured tissues and rootlet showed great variation. These results strongly indicate that there are optimum saponin content and ginsenoside pattern and that these are accomplished under the optimum growth condition.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1994

This study was carried out to Investigate the effects of Panax ginseng, Ganoderma lucidum extract and crude polysaccharide of G. lucidum on the growth of lactic acid bacteria. p. ginseng extract contained 60.7% carbohydrate and 27.5% protein, whereas G. lucidum contained 35.9% carbohydrate and 46.3% protein. The total sugar and protein content of crude polysaccharide of G. lucidum were 47.2% and 15.2%, respectively. Two amino acids(hg, Trp) were detected in p. ginseng extract and 11 amino acids (hg, Trp, Ua, Lys, Ser, etc.) in C. lucidum extract. By the addition of p. ginseng, 5. lucidum extract and crude polysaccharide, the cia. p. ginseng was more effective on the growth of 1. casei an: G. lucidum was more effective on that of S. thermophilus. The effect of free amino acids on the growth of tactic acid bacteria was also examined. Arginine and lysine stimulated the growth of L. casei, whereas Lysine, serine, arginine, and glutamic acid stimulated the growth of 5. thermophilus.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권2호
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• pp.170-177
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• 2009

There are remarkable differences in growth and morphological characters of roots between mountain and field cultivated Panax ginseng. Growth of root in mountain cultivated ginseng was much slower than that of field cultivated ginseng. However, the factor affecting the retarded growth in mountain ginseng was not known. Soil analysis revealed that phosphorus (P) content of mountain soil was exceptionally low at least ten-fold lower compared to that of field soil. Thus, we suggest that low availability of P in mountain soil may be one of the limiting factors for growth of ginseng in mountain soil environment. We had monitored the growth of ginseng plants after one and three years of phosphate fertilizer application. Three kinds of phosphate fertilizers: fused magnesium phosphate, fused superphosphate, and single superphosphate were applied to mountain soil. Application of phosphate fertilizers increased the fresh-, dry weight, and diameter of ginseng roots and resulted in increased P accumulation in roots. These results demonstrate that slow growth of ginseng in mountain soil environment might be attributed to the low P content in mountain soil. Thus, analysis of P amount in mountain soil will be a good indicator for the selection of suitable site the ginseng cultivation in forest.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2001

식물조직배양기술을 이용하여 사포닌 함량이 높은 인삼 root를 생산하고자, 인삼 root의 생장과 사포닌생산에 미치는 배지와 식물생장조절물질의 영향을 조사하였다. 인삼 root를 여러 종류의 배지에 배양하였을 때, 인삼 root의 생장과 사포닌 생산은 SH배지에서 가장 우수하였고, SH배지에 배양시, 접종후 약 10일후에 생체중량이 초기접종량의 2배가 되었다. 각 배지별로 배양한 인삼 root의 진세노사이드 패턴과 함량은 다소 차이가 있었는데, SH배지와 White배지에서 성장한 인삼 root의 총진세노사이드 함량이 가장 높았다. 생장조절물질에 있어서는 4.0mg/L NAA를 함유한 SH배지에서 성장한 인삼 root의 생장이 가장 우수하였고, 사포닌 함량은 0.5mg/L BAP 처리구에서 가장 높았다. 이러한 결과들은 인삼 root 배양에 의해 사포닌을 단기간에 생산할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하고 있다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.205-209
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• 1975

Ginseng, Vitamin, and both were given to six-year-old children for three months to know effects of the drugs on the physical growth of the children. 1. Frequency of children's sickness was in order of vitamin plus ginseng, ginseng, vitamin alone and control groups. 2. Height, circumference of chest and weight of children were increased in order of vitamin plus ginseng, ginseng, vitamin, and control groups. 3. Ginseng, as compared with vitamin increased the children's growth, especially their weight and the circumference of chest.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.294-298
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of growth characteristics and mineral contents of ginseng seedling grown in different locations on ginseng growth and root yield. Ginseng seedling produced in 16 farmers' field at the semi-Yangjik seedbed were planted and cultivated in a field with same cultural practices. Missing plant was increased with increased year of ginseng age, especially severe at 5-year-old ginseng. Rate of missing plant was different among the origins of the seedling, even with the same weights. Negative correlation was noted between the missing rate of 3-year-old ginseng plants and NH4-N content of the seedling, but positive correlation between the missing rate and K2O and Ca contents of the seedling. Root yield of 6-year-old ginseng was also affected by the origins of ginseng seedlings. Root yield was high in ginseng plant from 0.6∼0.9 g see dings compared to those from over 0.9 g seedlings.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.651-658
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the comparative growth characteristics and ginenoside contents of wild-simulated ginseng on different years (7 and 13-year-old) by monitoring soil properties of cultivation regions. Plant and soil samples were collected from 6 different cultivation regions. Soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN) and cation exchangeable capacity (CEC) were significantly higher in 13-year-old wild-simulated ginseng cultivation regions compared to 7-year-old wild-simulated ginseng cultivation regions. Growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng had shown significantly higher in 13-year-old wild-simulated ginseng compared to 7-year-old wild-simulated ginseng. Ginsenoside G-Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1 were significantly higher in 13-year-old wild-simulated ginseng than 7-year-old wild-simulated ginseng. According to the results of correlation analysis, soil OM, TN and CEC of the cultivated regions were positively correlated with the growth of wild-simulated ginseng. In addition, the root length of wild-simulated ginseng showed positive correlation with ginsenoside content. Hence, this study was able to investigate the correlation between growth and ginsenoside content of wild-simulated ginseng based on soil characteristics of the cultivation regions.