• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.206-212
• /
• 2001

16과 20종의 공시 식물체 중 양파(Allium cepa), 대황(Rheum undulatum) 및 황련(Coptis japonica) 등의 추출액이 인삼 탄저병균(C. gloeosporioides)에 대해 균사생장 억제 효과가 우수하였다. 양파와 대황은 배지내의 추출액 농도가 1.0% 이상일 때 균사 생장억제 효과가 인정 되었고, 황련의 추출액은 배지 내의 농도가 0.5% 이상일 때에도 균사 생장 억제 효과가 50% 이상으로 나타나 공시된 식물체 추출액 중에서 항균 활성이 가장 우수하였다. 양파의 추출액은 10.0% 희석농도에서는 60% 이상의 발아 억제 효과가 있었고, 대황의 추출액은 2.0% 그리고 황련의 추출액은 1.0%의 희석 농도에서도 포자 발아억제율이 90% 이상으로 나타나 황련추출액이 가장 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 양파와 대황의 추출액은 2.0%의 희석농도에서는 어느 정도 방제 효과가 있었으나 1.0% 이하의 희석 농도에서는 효과가 많이 떨어졌고, 황련의 추출액은 1.0%의 희석농도에서도 50%이상의 방제 효과가 있었으나, 3가지 식물체 추출액 모두 대조약제인 Mancozebwp에 비해서는 그 효과가 상당히 떨어지는 경향이 었다. 세가지 식물체 추출액 모두 10.0%의 희석농도에서는 인삼 잎의 엽육이나 엽맥이 갈변하는 등의 약해의 징후가 나타났고, 황련의 추출액은 2.0%의 희석 농도에서도 약간의 약해 징후가 관찰되었다.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 1972

Losses, literature and occurence of ginseng diseases in Korea were reviewed briefly. Some problems on etiology, epidemiology and control measures of root rot caused by Cylindroaroon panacis, anthracnose, and damping-off have been discussed. Ginseng was added as a new host of $Sclerotium\;rolfsii\;S_{ACC}$.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.244-247
• /
• 2010

It's crucial to control Alternaria blight and Anthracnose emerging mostly on ginseng leaves during the rainy season to increase the organic ginseng products. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficay of lime-brodeaux spray on the ginseng leaves and evaluate the growth and yield of the ginseng, and the contents of ginsenoside and 70% ethanol extracts from 3-year-old ginseng variety, Cheonpoong. Lime-bordeaux sprayings were conducted in the ratio of 6-6 in June, 8-8 from July to September every 15 days. After June 10, the spraying have no effects on the growth leaf and stem, and there was no significant increase in chlorophyll contents. The ratio of intact leaf and root were distinctly increased because Alternaria blight and Anthracnose were decreased by spraying lime-bordeaux mixture. Root weight per plant and root yield were increased by 15%, and 62% in 3-year old ginseng, respectively, because the ratio of intact leaf and root were higher by using lime-bordeaux mixture. Furthermore, spraying of lime-bordeaux mixture is prone to increase the ratio of rusty root in ginseng. Spraying of lime-bordeaux mixture decreased both of the contents of ginsenoside and 70% ethanol extract by 13.7%, and 15.2% in 3-year-old ginseng, respectively.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.164-169
• /
• 2007

잿빛곰팡이병은 6월 초순부터 작은 수침상의 병반이 잎에 나타나기 시작하였고. 점무늬병은 7월 초순부터 초기의 병반을 발견할 수 있었는데, 두 가지의 병 모두 7월말과 8월 초에 강우일수가 많아지면서 병의 발생이 크게 증가하기 시작하였다. 탄저병 역시 강우가 많아지는 8월 초순부터 발생하기 시작하여 9월까지 발생량이 계속 증가하였다. 인삼의 지상부 병의 효율적인 방제를 위하여 살균제 처리 체계를 확립하고자 실험에 사용한 6종의 살균제를 정해진 시기에 7회 처리하고 3종의 식물병에 대한 방제 효과를 검정하였다. 본 연구의 인삼 살균제 처리 체계는 병진전 곡선면적에 기초하여 계산하였을 때, 잿빛곰팡이병, 점무늬병, 탄저병에 대해서 61.7, 78.8, 70.5%의 효과를 보였다. 인삼 살균제 처리 체계에서 1차 처리에서 carbendazim/diethofencarb 합제를 처리하지 않은 처리구는 잿빛곰팡이병에 대한 방제가가 36.7%로, 5차 처리에서 difenoconazole을 처리하지 않을 경우에는 점무늬병의 방제가가 28.9%로, trifloxystrobin을 6차 처리에서 처리하지 않으면 탄저병에 대한 방제가가 44.4%로 크게 감소하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.284-291
• /
• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the effects of enhanced light transmission on plant growth, photosynthetic ability, and disease tolerance to leaf blight, anthracnose in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Araliacease family) during the early growth stage (April to June). The photosynthetic ratio, stomatal conductance, and stem diameter of plants grown under a shade net with 15% light transmission rate showed an increasing trend compared to the control plants (5% light transmission rate) although the growth of the aerial parts were not influenced significantly. Plant height, stem length, and leaf length of treated plants were not significantly different from those of the control plants. Root parameters, such as root length, diameter, and weight of treated plants increased significantly compared to the control. Yield performance ($187.4kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$) of treated plants was 55.5% higher than that of the control ($150.4kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$). Additionally, disease severity scores of treated plants were lower than those of the control plants, revealing higher survival rates. To retain high yield potential and enhance the level of disease tolerance in ginseng, we suggest the increase of light transmission rate during the early growth stage.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 1981

Effect of environmental factors and host on the growth and outbreak of various ginseng diseases was reviewed Environmental lectors included hydrogen ion concentration, moisture content, temperature, nutrition, and microbiol populations. Age of the ginseng plants in relation to several ginseng disease occurrence was also included in order to formulate the effective control measure for ginseng diseases. Damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia, Pythium, and Phytophthora, greymold by Botrytis, sclerotinia by Scleretinia, and phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora were usually prevalent during the early growing season of ginseng when temperature is below 20$^{\circ}C$, while anthrac se caused by Colletotrichum, alternaria blight by Alternaria, and bacterial soft rot by Erwinia were so during the latter growing season when temperature is above 25$^{\circ}C$. However, the root rot incited by Fnarium and Cylindrocarpon caused severe damages throughout the growing season. Growth range of the temperature for a pathogen was highly related to the corresponding disease outbreak. Hydrogen ion concentration was highly related to the outbreak of sclerotinia, root rot, and red rot. Most severe outbreak of those diseases where the soil acidity was pH 4.7, pH 6.5- 7.5, and pH6.0-6.5, respectively. Nitrogen content in the soil was also related to outbreak of root rot and red rot. More red rot occurred where NH,-nitrogen is above 30 ppm and more root rot obtained when excessive nitrogen fertilizer applied. Yellow necrosis apparently was related to magnesium especially its ratio with potassium or calcium content in a soil. Fusarium Population showed significant .relations to missing rate of ginseng Plants in a Implanting ginseng field, while that of total bacteria showed similar relations in all ginseng field, However, in six year old ginseng fields, the more the Streptomyces population was, the less the Fusarium obtained. Consequently, less missing rate observed in a field where Streptomyces population was high. Damping-off, root rot, Rhytophthor a blight were mose severe on the nursery and on 2-3 years old ginseng plants, whereas sclerotinia, and grey cod, alteraria blight, anthracnose were severe on 4-6 years old ginseng plants. Root rot caused by Fusarium and Erwinia, however, was also severe regardless of the age of the plants when the roots were injured. Therefore, for the effective control of ginseng root rot most careful control of the disease during the early year should be rendered.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.104-120
• /
• 1980

The effects of temperature on transpiration, chlorophyll content, frequency and aperture of stomata, and leaf temperature of Panax ginseng were reviewed. Temperature changes of soil and air under spade roof were also reviewed. Growth responses of responses of ginseng plant at various temperature were assessed in relation to suseptibillity of ginseng plants. Reasonable management of ginseng fields was suggested based on the response of ginseng to various temperatures. Stomata frequency may be increased under high temperature during leaf$.$growing stage. Stomata aperture increased by high temperature but the increase of both frequency and aperture appears not enough for transpiration to overcome high temperature encountered during summer in most fields. Serial high temperature disorder, i.e high leaf temperature, chlorophyll loss, inhibition of photosynthesis, increased respiration and wilting might be alleviated by high humidity and abundant water supply to leaf. High air temperature which limits light transmission rate inside the shade roof, induces high soil temperature(optimum soil temperature 16∼18$^{\circ}C$) and both(especially the latter) are the principal factors to increase alternaria blight, anthracnose, early leaf fall, root rot and high missing rate of plant resulting in poor yield. High temperature disorder was lessen by abundant soil water(optimum 17∼21%) and could be decreased by lowering the content of availability of phosphorus and nitrogen in soil consequently resulting in less activity of microorganisms. Repeated plowing of fields during preparation seems to be effective for sterilization of pathogenic microoganisms by high soil temperature only on surface of soils. Low temperature damage appeared at thowing of soils and emergence stage of ginseng but reports were limited. Most limiting factor of yield appeared as physiological disorder and high pathogen activity due to high temperature during summer(about three months).

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국약용작물학회 2011년도 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.342-343
• /
• 2011

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국약용작물학회 2012년도 심포지엄 및 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.368-369
• /
• 2012

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.157-161
• /
• 2011

Growth characteristics, root yield and ginsenoside contents of 3-year-old ginseng in greenhouse shaded by $30^{\circ}$ sloped-curtain made of aluminum were compared to traditional shade facility in order to develop cultural practice for organic ginseng. Light transmittance ratio in greenhouse with $30^{\circ}$ sloped-curtain shade was distinctly lower than that of traditional shade from sunrise to 9 a.m., while its ratio in greenhouse was higher than traditional shade since 9 a.m. due to the reflection of light. Air temperature of greenhouse was $1.3^{\circ}C$ higher than that of traditional shade on the first ten days of August due to more reflected light. Root yield of greenhouse was 44% higher than that of traditional cultivation because of the inflow of reflected light and the decrease of disease of Alternaria and Anthracnose by blocking rainfall. Dry matter partitioning ratio of rhizome and lateral root were increased in ginseng cultivated at greenhouse due to longer survival time in leaf than traditional cultivation. Total ginsenoside contents cultivated at greenhouse was decreased in the part of taproot, while it was increased in the part of lateral and fine root compare to traditional cultivation. Individual ginsenoside contents between greenhouse and traditional cultivation showed significant difference more frequent in fine root than taproot and lateral root. Total ginsenoside contents including $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, $Rg_1$, and $Rg_2$ in whole root of 3-year-old ginseng did not showed significant difference by greenhouse and traditional cultivation.