• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.50-55
• /
• 2004

Because of the development in mold industries, the geometrical form accuracy of the milled surface is getting more and more important. It has been known that the geometrical form accuracy is affected by machine conditions, cutting conditions, tool conditions and tool path and so on. Among them, the tool approaching path causes the change in material removal per tooth at the end of each machining cycle. And, this change generates the geometrical form error around the region where the tool engages the workpiece initially. So, it is impossible to eliminate the geometrical error caused by the tool approaching path. Thus, characteristics of this geometrical error are studied analytically and experimentally to minimize this region.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.624-634
• /
• 2006

본 논문에서는 이동 및 회전과 같은 기하학적 공격에 강인한 새로운 워터마킹 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 캐릭터 영상과 같은 임의의 모양을 가지는 영상에 적용하기 위한 기존 극좌표계 이산변환 (PSADT:Polar Coordinates Shape Adaptive Discrete Transform)에 의한 기법을 기반으로 한다. 극좌표계 이산변환에 의한 기법은 영상 객체의 모양이 유지되면 각종 기하학적 공격에 대하여 완벽한 강인성을 제공한다. 하지만 일반 사각형 영상에는 워터마크를 삽입하고 추출하는 과정에서 발생하는 워터마크 신호의 불일치로 인하여 적용에 한계를 가진다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 워터마크 신호를 영상에 내재된 특정인 모서리를 이용하여 정렬하는 새로운 기법을 제안한다. 즉 제안된 방법은 악의적 공격에 대해서도 그 모양이나 위치가 바뀌지 않는 일관된 영역을 결정하고 해당 영역에 극좌표계 이산변환에 의한 기법을 사용하여 워터마크를 삽입한다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안된 방법이 압축뿐만 아니라 기하학적 공격에 대해서도 강인함을 보인다.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.663-675
• /
• 2004

The plastic arts is used when designers draw inspirations to create fashion design. The author referred to fashion magazines for designing ideas of Mondrian＇s geometrical abstract painting in practical applications used by designers in Paris, Italy, London and New York during the 10-year period(1991-2000). The collections of data were analyzed as following: ◇ Fashion Designing Idea 1. Matching Idea The art is reproduced in the design as how it is with no transformation. First, the painting＇s complete figure is reproduced on the entire or parts of clothing. Second, the painting＇s partial figure is reproduced on the entire or parts of clothing. 2. Contrasting Ideas The composition elements in Mondrian＇s geometrical abstract painting, for example, structures of shapes, vertical and horizontal lines and different colors are applied in the design. First, one particular shape in painting is transformed into different shape of square, circle or triangle and reproduced in designing. Second, one particular shape in painting is disassembled and then reshaped into different form in reproduction. Third, additional lines are put in to create different look from the original painting. Forth, existing lines are extended over the boundary to create different look from the original painting. Fifth, achromatic colors: black and white, and three basic colors: red, blue and yellow in the original painting are modified into different shades or color scheme is increased in broad range.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제20권12호
• /
• pp.640-644
• /
• 2010

Information technology devices, such as cellular phones, MP3s and so on, due to restrictions of space, require thin and small micro-speakers to generate sound. The reduction of the size of micro-speakers has resulted in the decrease of sound quality, due to such factors as frequency range and sound pressure level. In this study, the acoustical properties of oval microspeakers has been studied as a function of pattern shape on the diaphragm. The other conditions of micro-speakers, except for the pattern, was not changed. When the pattern is present on the diaphragm and the shape of pattern was a whirlwind, the resonance frequency was reduced due to the decrease of tensile strength of diaphragm. The patterns presented in the semi-minor axis of diaphragm did not effect a change of resonance frequency. However, increasing the number of patterns in the semimajor axis of diaphragm became a reason for the decrease of resonance frequency on edge side. When the depth of pattern on edge side was increased, the resonance frequency was decreased due to reduction of geometrical stiffness. If the height of edge and dome were increased, the resonance frequency and geometrical stiffness rapidly increased. After reaching the maximum values, they began to decrease with the continuous increase of height.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
• /
• 제35권8호
• /
• pp.3-14
• /
• 2019

The research is to track the morphological transformation of residential towers of apartment complexes in Busan. Though apartment is one of the most important components in Korean society, it has not drawn enough attention from academia as well as the public, especially regarding its shape. In result, its morphological change has barely been recognized. Instead, negative, but superficial, evaluation has become dominant tendency to deal with the shape of apartment tower. There are numerous 'partial' evidences to inform the morphological change of apartment plan type, and understanding the change is critical since morphological resultant reflects culture, politics, economy of a society. The research has been done on the 261 apartment complexes built through 2016 in Busan. The analysis shows that $I^0$ type, to represent 'typical boring architectural shape' of Korean apartments, has been dominant until the year 2000. However, its portion has become drastically decreased since the mid-2000. Composite plan type, the geometrical precedents of which had never been existent, emerged in the mid-2000, and this phenomenon may symbolize the change of morphology of apartment. When tower plan types are grouped together according to geometrical shape, three types, I-type, L-type and Y-type, take the most of residential towers, explaining 97% of the total. As expected, I-type is the most dominant, but its influence has decreased as time passes. Y-type might become one of the most important type in the period V. L-type has become the leading type in the Period VI to exceed I-type by 12 percent.

• 복식
• /
• 제56권7호
• /
• pp.115-125
• /
• 2006

The study on plane composition in clothing was focused mainly on woven wear earlier but its application has been reaching the knit wear. This study is confined to the utilization with geometrical linear pattern in the modern apparel. The work here intends to grasp the plane structure found in both woven wear and knit wear and, in particular, to understand the aesthetics of fashion. The modern flat patterned clothing has been affected by the oriental style or postmodernism in view of social and cultural aspect while its fabric material and expression method shows the diversity in terms of industrial and technical aspect. It can be characterized as several outstanding patterns: the geometrical pattern in structure, the linear pattern with seam line and 2-dimensional plane pattern without seam line, and the flexible silhouette integrated into one single shape with human body unlike the traditional apparel The aesthetics of fashion in modern flat patterned clothing can be divided into such category as the organically spatial change, the re-creation of tradition and the non-format framework. The organically spatial change shows the geometrical formation in clothes due to change in dimension, where the organically changing uniformity and generosity appears as the dimension progresses. The timeless without any difference of up and down, left and right, and inside and outside and the discontinuity due to limitless spatial change are also imbedded. The re-creation of tradition tells the reshaped spirits of old tradition by integrating and modifying the hereditary features in the old customed clothing into modern clothing. The modern flat patterned clothing implies the contemporaneousness or the frame through which the old and modern cultures may be shared and indicates the re-creation of the past and uniformity. The non-format framework contains the uncertainty in meaning and it doesn't have any certain standards. As both the apparel and the human body with this style aim at the open space, the numerous contingencies are realized.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.253-260
• /
• 2010

The drop handle in the Chosun-Dynasty played a role lifting up the cabinet and box which was attached to and besides this had the decoration function. The scope of this study should include the drop handles from the $18^{th}$ century up to now by investigating and analyzing their definition & function and furthermore the types of their designs. The object of the study was the drop handle having 2 golden fixing parts which are definitive difference from ring or loop, and the design typology of drop handle was concentrated on the handle part, and it can be classified in two types. The one is the figuration of bow, bat, bamboo, fish and bird and so on from the motive of nature on the handle part, and the other one is the drop handle of the simple ㄷ-shape, the temple-symbol shape or geometrical forms. According to the analysis of relics & literature from the past it was found that there were more quantitative nature-motive figurations than the geometrical forms. The nature-motive figurations were again classified in box-, bat-, cloud- bamboo-, fish- and bird-type, and the geometrical forms in ㄷ-shape, the temple-symbol shape and others. The cases applied to furniture are roughly divided into the front-attached type and the side-attached type. In comparison of the drop handle in the Chosun-Dynasty with that of modern times, ㄷ-shape and bow-type keep the long tradition of the drop handles despite of the constructive change partly. Ring-type is similar to the just ring or loop of the part and drop handle with one golden fixing part, while the knob-type shows almost same forms in the past as well as in the modern times. Which type among handles in the modern times has little connection with the past is the reclaimed type, and it was showed in the Chosun-Dynasty and also is showed up to now identically that the man-made hole on the front side of the drawer for the function as handle.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제31권8호
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 액체추진로켓용 터보펌프내 초음속 충동형 터빈의 공력성능 향상을 위해 기하학적 설계변수를 수치적으로 연구하였다. 터빈의 기하학적 설계변수는 아랫면, 윗면 원호반경, 입사각, 익단두께로 설정, 적절한 구속조건을 도입하였고 목적함수로는 최대파워를 채택하였다. 목적함수를 얻기 위해 2-D Navier-Stokes 방정식과 Chien의 k-$\varepsilon$ 난류 모델링을 수치적으로 계산하였다. 초기모델에서 이형 중앙부에 흐름박리를 볼 수 있었으나 개선된 익형에서 흐름박리는 제거되었다. 본 연구를 통해 약 3.2 %의 축 파워가 증대되었다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제18권7호
• /
• pp.1686-1694
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 키넥트(Kinect)를 통해 획득한 깊이 영상에서 손가락의 모양을 인식하는 새로운 기법을 제안한다. 각도 변화에 강인하게 하기 위하여 입력 손 영상의 회전 보상 각도를 계산한 뒤 강체(rigid) 변환을 통하여 손 영상을 회전 변환시킨다. 회전 보상 각도를 계산하기 위하여 손 영상의 경계선을 추출한 뒤 경계선을 이루는 화소들의 좌표의 변화를 관찰한다. 제안하는 기법에서는 손가락 모양을 인식하기 위하여 손 영역에서 최 상단, 최 우측, 최 좌측 화소 좌표를 획득한 뒤, 손가락의 기하학적 특징에 착안하여 좌표들 사이의 거리 변화와 좌표들 사이의 각도변화 그리고 손 영역의 화소 면적을 이용하게 된다. 실험을 통해 제안하는 기법이 기존의 기법보다 성능이 우수한 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.221-230
• /
• 2009

In this study, a river basin with a lot of measured data such as water level, flow rate, current speed, and sediment rate from the past to now was selected and geometrical shape of a pier was re-analyzed, in order to study the effects of the flow around the pier area as well as the riverbed alternation characteristics. A finite element mesh of the entire river was prepared, and via parameter revision, the section that the pier has influence on was decided, to analyze the shape of the pier using RMA-2 and SED2D-WES models. With regards to the section that the pier has influence on, analysis was done on the four pier shapes, namely circle, square, rectangle, and octagon. The results showed that the shape with the least influence around the pier around is the octagon, followed by circle, rectangle, and square, showing the different geometrical effects that the shapes have on the pier. Furthermore, it was shown that the distribution of sediment concentration had effect from about (+) 110 m of the upstream to about (-) 130 m of the downstream, from the pier installation point. Also, it was shown after analyzing drag forces for different sediment particle distributions that the shape with the greatest drag is the octagon, followed by circle, square, and rectangle.