• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.510-523
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• 2009

Geodemographics(GD) can be defined as an analytical approach of socio-economic and behavioral data about people to investigate geographical patterns. GD is based on the assumptions that demographical and behavioral characteristics of people who live in the same neighborhood are similar and then the neighborhoods can be categorized with spatial classifications with the geographical classifications. Thus, this paper, in order to identify the applicability of the geographical classification of the GD, explores the concepts of the geodemographics into Seoul city areas with Korea census data sets that contain key characteristics of demographic profiles in the area. Then, this paper attempt to explain each area classification profile by using clustering techniques with Ward's and k-means statistical methods. For this as as as, this paper employs 2005 Census dataset released by Korea National Statistics Office and the neighborhood unit is based on Dong level, the smallest administrative boundary unit in Korea. After selecting and standardizing variables, several areas are categorized by the cluster techniques into 13, this paps as distinctive cluster profiles. These cluster profiles are used to cthite a short description and expand on the cluster names. Finally, the results of the classification propose a reasonable judgement for target area types which benefits for the people who make a spatial decision for their spatial problem-solving.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.375-388
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• 2003

This study mainly focuses on evaluating how the triangular training operator could improve classification accuracy in SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar) and VIR FCC(Visible Infra-red, False Colour Composite). The techniques for the determination of the most informative SAR/VIR combinations in the triangular space diagram, as developed tv the author of the paper, are given and the results obtained are presented. The SAR alone, VIR alone and SAR/VIR FCC classification showed trends for gradual improvement of accuracy. Accuracy distribution pattern for individual classes could be explained closely related to SAR/VIR signature components in the process of the triangular synergistic training. Due to contribution of SAR signature in training samples, it was possible to isolate major terrain features such as cloud cover area and roughness target with acceptable spatial precision. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference for distribution trends of classification accuracy obtained by triangular channel space based training in synergistic application.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.200-212
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• 1993

Wholesaling is important industry that is remarkable by the function and characteristics of city. This paper aims at examing the recent changes in hierarchy of cities and city classifi-cation by wholesale activities in Korea. In order to grasp the stydy purpose, this paper is to analuze the changes of categories by wholesale industry, and to grasp the change in the city classification with city hierachy of wholesale sales in 1968, 1979, and 1991. The data were obtained from the statistics in the Census of Wholesale and Retail Trade published by the National Statistical Office, in 1969, 1981, and 1992. As the result of examination, the following finding were obtained: 1. Wholesaling has developed form that of production and consumption goods wholesale, especially 'Wholesaling of Farm Products, Foods and Beverages' to that of investment goods that is 'Wholesaling of Machinery and Equipment' and 'Wholesaling of Transport Equipment and Parts'. 2. Wholesaling has developed in the medium and small cities in 1970's, and in the larger cities in 1980's. And the concentration ratio of six larger cities were lower than another cities in terms of wholesale sales, especially Seoul and Pusan. 3. Recently with income increment and a purchasing power, city classification was changed by the increasing number of wholesale establi-shments of 'Automotive Parts and Tyres' in 1970's and of 'Office, Computing and Accounting Machines and Motor Vehicles' in 1980's.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.479-490
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• 2003

This study proposed a modified anisotropic diffusion restoration for image classification. The anisotropic diffusion restoration uses a probabilistic model based on Markov random field, which represents geographical connectedness existing in many remotely sensed images, and restores them through an iterative diffusion processing. In every iteration, the bonding-strength coefficient associated with the spatial connectedness is adaptively estimated as a function of brightness gradient. The gradient function involves a constant called "temperature", which determines the amount of discontinuity and is continuously decreased in the iterations. In this study, the proposed method has been extensively evaluated using simulated images that were generated from various patterns. These patterns represent the types of natural and artificial land-use. The simulated images were restored by the modified anisotropic diffusion technique, and then classified by a multistage hierarchical clustering classification. The classification results were compared to them of the non-restored simulation images. The restoration with an appropriate temperature considerably reduces error in classification, especially for noisy images. This study made experiments on the satellite images remotely sensed on the Korean peninsula. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is also very effective on image classification in remote sensing.

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.38-38
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• 2004

효율적 인 국토환경 관리와 지속 가능한 생태자원의 보존을 위해서는 지형 및 토양의 공간적인 분포특성과 그것이 각종 자연 및 인문현상들과 가지는 상관성에 대한 파악이 선행되어야 한다 기존의 지형분류법은 대부분 지형형성과정 혹은 지형의 형태의 분류에 치중하여, 그 결과가 지표면에서 나타나는 생태학적 현상들과의 관련성을 파악하기 어려운 단점이 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.47-49
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1122-1122
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• 2001

A compact and handhold near infrared (NIR) system using microspectrometer was developed. This system was suitable not only in the laboratory, but also in the field or in the process. This system was first applied for classification of geographical origin of herbal medicine such as ginseng and sesame. To identify the origin of ginseng on site, the portable NIR system is more suitable for real field application. For this study, using the compact NIR system, soft independent modeling of class analogies (SIMCA) with 1100-1750 nm NIR spectra was utilized for classification of geographical origin (Korea and China) of both ginseng and sesame. The accuracy of results is more than 90%. Quantitative analysis for petroleum such as toluene, benzene, tri-methyl benzene, and ethyl benzene was performed with partial least squares (PLS) regression with NIR 1100-1750 nm spectra. This study showed that the NIR method and gas chromatography (GC), which is a standard method, have good correlations. Furthermore, the ash content of Cornu Cervi Parvum was analyzed and the accuracy was confirmed by the developed compact NIR system.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.133-144
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• 2018

To suggest the field maintenance plan considering the geographical characteristics of the region, we selected representative regions(plain regione and mountain region) and compared spatial distribution of cultivated land in Muan-gun and Hwasun-gun. Firstly, we examined the distribution characteristics of cultivated land according to the scope of the maintenance object with Fragstats. As a result of that, it was found that the cultivated area except rice paddy had the highest aggregation effect. And then, we developed type classification of maintenance considering geographic characteristics and cultivated crops information. As a result of classification, plain land type Muan region was mostly cultivated land suitable for integrated maintenance. On the other hand, Hwasun, a mountainous terrain, needs small-scale maintenance and road maintenance. Based on these results, it was found that more detailed planning is needed for the upland field infrastructure improvement considering the topographic characteristics.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.653-655
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• 2005

More than 70 percent of terrestrial territory of Korea is mountainous areas where degradation becomes serious year by year due to illegal tombs, expanding golf courses and stone mine development. We elaborate the potential usage of high resolution image for the monitoring of the phenomena. We made the classification of tombs and the statistical radiometric characteristics of graves were identified from this project. The graves could be classified to 4 groups from the field survey. As compared with grouping data after clustering and discriminant analysis, the two results coincided with each other. Object-oriented classification algorithm for feature extraction was theoretically researched in this project. And we did a pilot project, which was performed with mixed methods. That is, the conventional methods such as unsupervised and supervised classification were mixed up with the new method for feature extraction, object-oriented classification method. This methodology showed about $60\%$ classification accuracy for extracting tombs from satellite imagery. The extraction of tombs' geographical coordinates and graves themselves from satellite image was performed in this project. The stone mines and golf courses are extracted by NDVI and GVI. The accuracy of classification was around 89 percent. The location accuracy showed extraction of tombs from one-meter resolution image is cheaper and quicker way than GPS method. Finally we interviewed local government officers and made analyses on the current situation of mountainous area management and potential usage of KOMPSAT-II images. Based on the requirement analysis, we developed software, which is to management and monitoring system for mountainous area for local government.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.863-886
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• 2003

Internet is the most important element in the emergence of the Internet economy, which derives the creation of new firms and employment, and brings about the new ways of marketing and business. The emergence of the Internet economy and the rapid growth of the Internet industry have a great deal to changes in the spatial economy. Korea has experienced a rapid growth of the Internet industries, but few geographical studies have been done to explain the impact of the development of the Internet industries on the spatial economy. This research explored how Korea has developed as a nation of the strong Internet economy in terms of driving forces by demand and supply side. This research tried to build a data set for the Internet industries with the introduction of a new classification scheme and a measurement. The most important finding from this research was the spatial concentration of the Internet industries toward Seoul at the national level and toward the Gangnam area within Seoul. The rise of Internet industries has added attractiveness to Seoul which enjoys a kind of cumulative and circular advantages.