• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.645-654
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• 2009

Recently there have been increasing consumers' interests in the geographical origin of foods, due to the FTA (Free Trade Agreement) in the global market. Especially, in Korea, in relation to BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy), it is considered to be urgent to develop analytical techniques for distinguishing the geographical origin of beef. Korea is facing conclusion of FTA with many countries, and there is a deep national concern about the distinction of the geographical origin of food. Diverse analytical techniques have been used in many of recent researches to obtain data for distinguishing the geographical origin of foods produced in various countries. In this paper, we reviewed national and international researches about tracing of geographical origin and food authentication using stable isotopes. Improvement of the isotopic techniques and their numerous application have been provided useful information of their geographical origin in food products. Furthermore, we expect that this study could be detecting of many frauds and illegal transaction of food products. We look forward to active progressing research of detecting food origin using isotope analysis and numerous application about imported food products.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.471-476
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• 1995

Natural products used for oriental medicine often come from various geographical sources, after several different distribution channels. Therefore some form of quality control procedure is required to safeguard naturl products for prescriptions purposes. To achieve this, systematic apprroaches such as morphological examination, microscopic analysis of powdered herbs and chemical analysis can be carried out. However, to ensure absolute criteria for quality assurance of natural products, DNA fingerprinting method such as RAPD(Random amplified polymorphism DNA) analysis can be used for authentication of natural products for authenticatin of natural products. In this study, warious oligonucleotide primers will be synthesized for the detection of RAPD markers and also parameters of affecting PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) in the detection of RAPD markers of rare and high-priced natural products will be studied with genomic DNA of chosen samples.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.4183-4204
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• 2018

The existing en-route filtering schemes only consider some simple false data injection attacks, which results in lower safety performance. In this paper, we propose an efficient geographical information-based en-route filtering scheme (EGEFS), in which each forwarding node verifies not only the message authentication codes (MACs), but also the report identifier and the legitimacy and authenticity of locations carried in a data report. Thus, EGEFS can defend against not only the simple false data injection attacks and the replay attack, but also the collusion attack with forged locations proposed in this paper. In addition, we propose a new method for electing the center-of-stimulus (CoS) node, which can ensure that only one detecting node will be elected as the CoS node to generate one data report for an event. The simulation results show that, compared to the existing en-route filtering schemes, EGEFS has higher safety performance, because it can resist more types of false data injection attacks, and it also has higher filtering efficiency and lower energy expenditure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1617-1617
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• 2001

It is well known now that near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, no destructive, and inexpensive analytical technique that could be used to classify, identify, and authenticate a wide range of foods and food items. Therefore, the main aims of this study were to provide a new insight into the authentication of five strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) varieties and to correlate them with geographical zones and the propagating methods used. Three weeks plants of five different strawberry varieties (F. x ananassa Duch. cv Camarosa, Seascape, Chandler, F. Chiloensis, and F. Virginiana) were cultivated in vitro first and then transferred to pots with special soil, and grown in a greenhouse at CINVESTAV, all varieties were acquired from California (USA). After 18 months, ten leaves from each variety were collected. Transmission spectra from each leave were recorded over a range of 10, 000-4, 000 cm$-^{1}$, 32 scans of each strawberry leave were collected using a resolution of 4 cm$-^{1}$ with a Paragon IdentiCheck FT-NIR System Spectrometer. Triplicates of each strawberry leave were used. All spectra were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modeling class analogy (SIMCA). The optimum number of components to be used in the regression was automatically determined by the software. Camarosa was the only variety grown from the same shoot but propagated by a different method (direct or in vitro). Five different classes (varieties) or clusters were observed among samples, however, larger inter class distances were presented by the two wildtype samples (F. Chiloensis and F. Virginiana). Camarosa direct and Camarosa in vitro displayed a small overlapping region between them. On the other hand, Seascape variety presented the smallest rejection percentage among all varieties (more similarities with the rest of the samples). Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of NIRS technique allowed the authentication of all strawberry varieties and geographical origin as well. It was also possible to form subclasses of the same materials. The results presented here demonstrate that NIRS is a very powerful and promising analytical tool since all materials were authenticated and classified based on their variety, origin, and treatment. This is of a tremendous relevance since the variety and origin of a plant material can be established even before it gives its typical fruit or flower.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1777-1787
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• 2017

Federated authentication (FA) is a multi-domain authentication and authorization infrastructure that enables users to access nationwide R&D resources with their home-organizational accounts. An FA-enabled user is redirected to his/her home organization, after selecting the home from an identity-provider (IdP) discovery service, to log in. The discovery service allows a user to search his/her home from all FA-enabled organizations. Users get troubles to find their home as federation size increases. Therefore, a discovery service has to provide an intuitive way to make a fast IdP selection. In this paper, we propose a discovery system which leverages geographical information. The proposed system calculates geographical proximity and text similarity between a user and organizations, which determines the order of organizations shown on the system. We also introduce a server redundancy and a status monitoring method for non-stop service provision and improved federation management. Finally, we deployed the proposed system in a real service environment and verified the feasibility of the system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 2012

Discrimination of geographic origin of agricultural products is a important issue in Korea because the price difference between Korean domestic and imported cereals is a key among some reasons. NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy) has been applied to classify the geographical origin of soybeans. Total 135 samples (Korean domestic 92 and foreign 43) were used to obtain calibration equation through 400~2,500 nm wavelength. The math treatment with 1st derivative and 4 nm gap and the modified partial least squares(MPLS)regression was outstanding for calibration equation. The standard error of calibration and determination coefficient in calibration set(n=115) was 6.65 and 0.98, respectively. And it showed that the extra 20 samples for validation equation were identified their authentication correctly. This study describes that the application of NIRS would be possible for discrimination of geographical origin between Korean domestic and imported soybeans.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.675-678
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• 2018

Since the face has a unique property to identify human, the face recognition is actively used in a security area and an authentication area such as access control, criminal search, and CCTV. The frontal face image has the most face information. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire the front face image as much as possible for face recognition. In this study, the face region is detected using the Adaboost algorithm using Haar-like feature and tracks it using the mean-shifting algorithm. Then, the feature points of the facial elements such as the eyes and the mouth are extracted from the face region, and the ratio of the two eyes and degree of rotation of the face is calculated using their geographical information, and the approximate front face image is presented in real time.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.45-56
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• 2007

Recently, much research has been actively conducted for a new kind of network environment ubiquitous computing. This paper will define the smart-tag technology required by a ubiquitous environment. We will describe how to apply smart-tag-related Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) research for GIS in underground social infrastructure, a local-area wireless-communication technology. Application development is important that will be able to materialize a network environment. This research promotes various application developments, such reason currently it establishes the IT 839 from domestic. The geographic information system construction is a part of IT 839. The research which is various becomes accomplished for the ubiquitous of social base facility from domestic. Consequently, in this paper analyzes the geographic information system of existing, researches based RFID underground social infrastructure management system development. The Proposed method is complements the method of existing, and is efficient for underground social infrastructure. This system is new management system for underground social infrastructure, and provides safe administrator function using authentication of active RFID tag. It provides real processing and autonomy of administrator.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.115-118
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• 2014

Underwater Wireless Communication System can be useful for research of quality of water, ocean resources exploration, analysis ocean environment and so on. However, there exist security threats including data loss, data forgery, and another variety of security threats, because of characteristics of water, various geographical factors, intended attack, etc. To solve these problem, in this paper, we propose a CCM-UW mode of operation modified form of CCM mode of operation, providing data confidentiality, integrity, origin authentication and anti-attack prevent, for the Underwater Wireless Communication System. By implementing CCM-UW in MACA protocol(Underwater Wireless Communication MAC Protocol) and measuring speed of communication, we confirm the applicability of the security and analyze the communication environment impact.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2022

Stable isotope analysis (SIA) is being used in various research fields including environmental science, ecology, biogeochemistry, forensics, and archeology. In this paper, for the purpose of enhancing applications and utilizations stable isotope analysis techniques to aquaculture research, we would like to introduce the background knowledge necessary to utilize stable isotope analysis techniques. In particular, with a focus on the approach using natural abundance, the principle of fractionation (change in isotope ratio) that occurs in the process of the integration of elements into biological tissues and how stable isotope ratios are determined by fractionation. This paper is intended to suggest whether SIA is used as a valuable tool in the fields of ecology and environmental science. With the understanding of the field of stable isotopes through this paper, various applications of stable isotope ratios are expected in fisheries science and aquaculture research in the future.