• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2015

We found that a long period of in vitro culture is a critical factor on the low transformation rate for a specific potato genotype, Solanum tuberosum L. var. Atlantic when phosphinothricin (PPT) was added to select putative transformants in a solid media. The fresh explants of the newly produced plants from a micro-tuber was able to increase the transformation rate significantly while the old explants prepared from a plant maintained for longer than 6 months in vitro by sub-culturing every 3 ~ 4 weeks resulted in a very low transformation frequency. However, Jowon cultivar was not so much influenced by the period of in vitro culture with high transformation rate (higher than 10.0%). Further research need to be explored for the reason why a particular potato genotype, Atlantic is more vulnerable than the Jowon cultivar during the regeneration stage resulting in the low transformation frequency.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7731-7735
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• 2014

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of death due to cancer in the worldwide and the incidence is also increasing in Turkey. Our present aim was to investigate any association between germ-line methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and CRC risk in Turkey. A total of 86 CRC cases and 212 control individuals of the same ethnicity were included in the current study. Peripheral blood-DNA samples were used for genotyping by StripAssay technique, based on the reverse-hybridization principle and real-time PCR methods. Results were compared in Pearson Chi-square and multiple logistic regression models. The MTHFR 677TT (homozygous) genotype was found in 20.9% and the T allele frequency 4.2-fold increased in CRC when compared with the control group.The second SNP MTHFR 1298CC (homozygous) genotype was found in 14.0% and the C allele frequency 1.4-fold elevated in the CRC group. The current data suggest strong associations between both SNPs of germ-line MTHFR 677 C>T and 1298 A>C genotypes and CRC susceptibility in the Turkish population. Now the results need to be confirmed with a larger sample size.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.25.1-25.6
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the association of POU1F1 (POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1, Pit1, renamed as POU1F1) gene with backfat thickness (mm), carcass weight (kg), pH, and color values ($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$) in crossbred pigs (Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc). Frequency of the AA genotype indel was at the highest level (66.67%). Frequency of A allele (0.81) was higher than that of b allele (0.19). This population followed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Carcass weights and $a^*$ values of the three genotypes were all significantly different (p < 0.05), respectively. However, backfat thickness, $L^*$, $b^*$, visual color, and pH of the three genotypes were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Visual color was negatively correlated with $L^*$ (r = -0.521) and $b^*$ (r = -0.390) values, $L^*$ value was correlated with $b^*$ (r = 0.419) value, and $a^*$ value was positively correlated with $b^*$ (r = 0.612) value. These results indicate that the POU1F1 gene affected carcass weight and meat redness.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5037-5042
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• 2012

Background: Tobacco contains agents which generate various potent DNA adducts that can cause gene mutations. Production of DNA adducts may be neutralized by glutathione S transferase (GST) along with other phase I and phase II enzyme systems. The existence of null type of GST among the population increases the susceptibility to various disorders and diseases. The present study focuses on the impact of high tobacco usage and possible null type mutation in GST loci. Methods: Genotypes of GST were detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in unrelated 504 volunteers of high tobacco using natives of Gujarat. Allelic frequencies were calculated using Statistical Package for Social Studies-16 software. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) was calculated using Chi square test. Two sided Fisher's significance test was used to compare allelic frequencies of different populations. Results: The frequency of homozygous null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were 20% (95% CI 16.7-23.9) and 35.5% (95% CI 31.4-39.9) respectively. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null allele frequency distribution in the Gujarat population was significantly deviating from HWE. GSTT1 null frequency of Gujaratians was significantly higher and different to all reported low tobacco using Indian ethnics, while GSTM1 was not differing significantly. Conclusion: Tobacco usage significantly influences the rate of mutation and frequency of GSTT1 and M1 null types among the habituates. The rate of mutation in GSTT1 loci was an undeviating response to the dose of tobacco usage among the population. This mutational impact of tobacco on GSTT1 postulates the possible gene - environment interaction and selection of null genotype among the subjects to prone them under susceptible status for various cancers and even worst to cure the population with GSTT1 dependent drugs.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2001

Objective : Dopamine transporter is member of family of Na/Cl dependent neurotransmitter transporter, 12 transmembrane domain, that has high substrate specificity, affinity. It is related with dopamine reuptake in presynaptic vesicle. DAT has a VNTR in its 3'-untranslated region(UTR). 3'-UTR VNTR polymorphism is related with modification of dopamine transmission. The association between with VNTR polymorphism and neuropsychiatric disorders such as alcohol dependence, and low activity ALDH has been studied, but their relationship is unclear. We study about association of 3'-UTR VNTR of DAT gene and G2319A and alcohol dependence. Method : Group of Korean subjects were studied with alcohol dependence(n=49 male) compared to mentally healthy controls(n=53 male). The peripheral blood sample was acquired, and Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) amplification, MspI procedure was done. Result : There was a significant difference between alcohol dependence group and normal control(genotype frequency p<0.05, allele frequency p<0.05) Allele A frequency and genotype(GG, GA) frequency was a significant difference between alcohol dependence group and normal control(p<0.05). Conclusion : Our study showed that genetic polymorphism of DAT1 G2319A had relation with alcohol dependence.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1073-1079
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to identify polymorphisms of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene and to investigate their association with growth traits in Nanjiang Huang goats. Five hundred and ninety-two animals were used to detect the polymorphisms in the complete coding sequence, part of introns and the 5'-regulatory region of the IGF-I gene by means of PCR-SSCP. A new single nucleotide polymorphism (G to C transversion) was identified at intron 4 of the IGF-I gene in the goats. Two alleles and three genotypes were observed in this group. The frequency of G and C alleles was 54.6 and 45.4%, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that polymorphism of the IGF-I gene had a significant association (p<0.05) with birth weight (BW), body weight at 6 months (W6) and at 12 months (W12), heart girth at 2 months (G2), body length at 6 months (L6), wither height at 6 months (H6) and at 12 months (H12) and heart girth at 12 months (G12). The goats with genotype CC had significantly higher BW, W6, W12, G2, L6, H6, H12 and G12 than those with genotype GC and had significantly higher W12, H6, H12 and G12 than those with genotype GG. Therefore, genotype CC may be the most advantageous for growth traits in the Nanjiang Huang goat. However, no significant association between SNP genotypes and other growth traits was observed. These results indicated that the SNP marker of the IGF-I gene may be a potential molecular marker for growth traits in Nanjiang Huang goats.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2005

Objectives:Recently in schizophrenia high incidence of MTHFR(methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase), which is a main relating enzyme that reduce homocysteine level, genetic variations were reported. So we examined serum homocysteine level and MTHFR gene polymorphism in Korean schizophrenics. Method:We compared serum homocysteine level and MTHFR polymorphism between 235 schizophrenics (100male, 135female) and 235 normal controls(100male, 135female). C677T and A1298C polymorphism of MTHFR gene were analyzed. Results:1) C677T genetic mutation(CT and TT) were more frequent in schizophrenia group than normal control group(p<0.01). But the difference of A1298C mutation frequency was not found between two groups. 2) In schizophrenia patients, TT genotype of C677T mutation showed significantly higher homocysteine level (29.99uM/L) than other group(CT:13.34uM/L, CC:9.34uM/L p<0.01). 3) MTHFR 677 TT homogeneous mutation genotype showed two times more risk(odds ratio=2.15) than 677CC normal genotype in schizophrenia. Conclusion:Some schizophrenia patients with high homocysteine serum level may have C677T TT genotype. In that case, folate ingestion could be a good management for clinical improvement.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1583-1588
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• 2016

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered to be a multifactorial disorder resulting from the interaction of several predisposing and protective genetic variants. PCOS is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Elevated levels of inflammatory markers including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) are demonstrated in women with PCOS. Recent evidence indicates a significant linkage between a locus on chromosome 19p13 and multifactorial diseases that have an inflammatory component. The aim of the study was to assess the possible association of Gly241Arg polymorphism of ICAM-1 gene located on chromosome 19p13 in determining risk of PCOS in Kashmiri women. Materials and Methods: Gly241Arg SNP in DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes of 220 PCOS cases and 220 age matched non-PCOS healthy controls was analysed using allel specific PCR. Results: The genotype and allele frequency distributions of Gly241Arg SNP showed insignificant difference between the PCOS cases and control women, indicating no role of this SNP in PCOS susceptibility. The odds ratio for Arg/Arg genotype was 0.87 (95% CI=0.32-2.3) [P=0.79], for Gly/Arg genotype was 0.98 (95% CI= 0.66-1.47) [P=1] and for Arg/Arg+Gly/Arg genotype was 0.97 (95% CI=0.65-1.45) [P=0.92]. The genotypic frequencies of ICAM-1codon 241 showed statistically insignificant difference between cases and controls (${\chi}^2=0.07$; p=0.96) Nor the studied polymorphism was found to affect clinical and laboratory parameters significantly. Conclusions: Although Gly241Arg polymorphism have not shown significant association with PCOS. Further, specifically designed studies on large cohorts are required to conclusively establish any role of ICAM-1 gene polymorphisms in PCOS in our study.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.279-284
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• 2005

Uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) plays a major role in thermogenesis, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of A-3826G polymorphism of UCP-1 gene on body fat distribution. Two hundred forty eight Korean female overweight subjects with BMI more than 25 kgfm2 participated in this study. The areas of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat of all subjects were measured from computed tomography cross sectional pictures of the umbilical region. Subcutaneous fat areas of upper and lower thigh were also measured. Body composition was measured by bio-impedance analysis, and serum concentrations of biochemical parameters, such as glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol etc, were also measured. Genotype of UCP-1 was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. The frequencies of UCP-1 genotypes were AA type; $27.8\%,\;AG\;type;\;51.2\%\;and\;GG\;type;\;21.0\%,$ and the frequency of G allele was 0.47. Body weight, BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP and body compositions were not significantly different by UCP-1 genotype. Abdominal visceral fat area was significantly higher in AG and GG type compared with AA type (p=0.009), but subcutaneous fat areas were not significantly different by UCP-1 genotype. Among biochemical parameters, LDL cholesterol level was significantly higher in GG type compared with AA and AG types (p=0.033). Among all subjects, 121 subjects finished 1 month weight loss program containing hypocaloric diet and exercise. The reduction of body weight and BMI were lower in GG type compared with AA/AG type even though statistical significances were not found (p > 0.05). These results suggest that UCP-1 genotype has a significant effect on visceral fat accumulation among Korean female overweight subjects with BMI more than $25\;kg/m^2$.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2023

Creating a complex balance between dietary composition, circadian rhythm, and the hemostasis control of energy is important for managing diseases. Therefore, we aimed to determine the interaction between cryptochrome circadian clocks 1 polymorphism and energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in women with central obesity. This cross-sectional study recruited 220 Iranian women aged 18-45 with central obesity. The 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the dietary intakes, and the E-DII score was calculated. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were determined. By polymerase chain response-restricted length polymorphism method, cryptochrome circadian clocks 1 polymorphism was assigned. Participants were categorized into three groups based on the E-DII score, then categorized according to cryptochrome circadian clocks 1 genotypes. The mean and standard deviation of age, BMI, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were 35.61 ± 9.57 years, 30.97 ± 4.16 kg/m², and 4.82 ± 5.16 mg/dL, respectively. The interaction of the CG genotype and E-DII score had a significant association with higher hs-CRP level compared to GG genotype as the reference group (β, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.11-2.27; p value, 0.03). There was a marginally significant association between the interaction of the CC genotype and the E-DII score with higher hs-CRP level compared to the GG genotype as the reference group (β, 0.85; 95% CI, -0.15 to 1.86; p value, 0.05). There is probably positive interaction between CG, CC genotypes of cryptochrome circadian clocks 1, and E-DII score on the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level in women with central obesity.