• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.145-148
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• 2010

Oxygen consumption has been regarded as a useful indicator for assessment of mammalian embryo quality. This study was performed to investigate whether oxygen consumption reflects morphological grade of in vivo derived bovine blastocyst-stage embryos (blastocyst). The oxygen consumption of in vitro produced blastocyst was compared to its total cell number. In addition, pregnant rate was measured after transplantation of in vivo blastocysts with different oxygen consumption. The quality of blastocyst collected on day 7 after artificial insemination was categorized as grade I and II (G I and G II) based on microscopic observation of the morphology. Oxygen consumption of blastocyst was measured using a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and total cell number of in vitro blastocyst was enumerated by counting cells stained by propidium iodide. Pregnancy of recipient cow was confirmed with rectal palpation after 60 days of embryo transfer. The oxygen consumptions of G I blastocysts were significantly higher than those of G II blastocysts ($10.2{\times}10^{15}/mol\;s^{-1}$ versus $6.4{\times}10^{15}/mol\;s^{-1}$, p<0.05). Total cell numbers of in vitro blastocysts were 74.8, 90.7, and 110.2 in the oxygen consumption of below 10.0, 10.0~12.0, and over $12.0{\sim}10^{15}/mol\;s^{-1}$ respectively. Total cell number was significantly increased in embryos with high oxygen consumption (p<0.05). Pregnant rate in recipient cow was 0, 50, and 85.7% in the transplantation of embryo with the oxygen consumption of below 10.0, 10.0~12.0, and over $12.0{\times}10^{15}/mol\;s^{-1}$, respectively. These results suggest that measurement of oxygen consumption may help increase the pregnant rate of bovine embryos.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.432-444
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• 2014

수동보정으로 수질모델링을 수행할 때는 연구자의 주관이 개입되어 해당 연구의 객관성에 영향을 줄 소지가 있기 때문에 자동보정에 관심을 갖게 된다. 본 연구에서는 WASP7 모형의 수질 매개변수 보정을 위해서 유전알고리즘과 영향계수법을 적용하였다. 이 방법에서는 대상 호수의 BOD, DO, 인, 질소, 식물성플랑크톤에 큰 영향을 미치는 매개변수를 대상으로 최적 수질 매개변수를 산정한다. 성층현상이 일어나는 대상 호수의 수온과 수리적 특성을 정확하게 계산하기 위해 3차원 수리모형인 EFDC를 적용하였고, 이 모형의 결과는 본 연구에서 이용한 호수수질모형인 WASP7 모형과 연동해서 적용되었다. EFDC와 WASP7의 적용을 위해 동일한 격자망을 구성하였다. WASP7의 보정결과 5개 보정 대상 수질변수 중에서 DO, TN, CBOD에 대한 실측치와 계산치의 상대오차제곱합은 비교적 적었다. 따라서 이 세가지 수질에 대한 보정은 적절히 수행되었으나, TP와 Chl-a에 대한 보정결과는 비교적 정확도가 낮았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1674-1678
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate genetic correlations between the behavioural profile and performance in laying hens as an indirect answer to the question whether the observed behavioural responses are associated with increased levels of stress in these birds. Methods: The assessment of birds' temperament was carried out using the novel objects test. The behavioural test was conducted in two successive generations comprising 9,483 Rhode Island White (RIW) birds (approx. 4,700 individuals per generation) and 4,326 Rhode Island Red (RIR) birds (approx. 2,100 individuals per generation). Based on the recorded responses, the birds were divided into two groups: a fearful profile (1,418 RIW hens and 580 RIR hens) and a brave/curious profile (8,065 RIW hens and 3,746 RIR hens). The birds were subjected to standard assessment of their performance traits, including SM, age at sexual maturity; ST, shell thickness; SG, egg specific gravity; EW, mean egg weight; IP, initial egg production; and HC, number of hatched chicks. The pedigree was three generations deep (including two behaviourrecorded generations). Estimation of the (co)variance components was performed with the Gibbs sampling method, which accounts for the discrete character of the behavioural profile denotation. Results: The analyses revealed negative correlations between the performance traits of the laying hens and the behavioural profile defined as fearful. In the group of fearful RIW birds, delayed sexual maturation (0.22) as well as a decrease in the initial egg production (-0.30), egg weight (-0.54), egg specific gravity (-0.331), shell thickness (-0.11), and the number of hatched chicks (-0.24) could be expected. These correlations were less pronounced in the RIR breed, in which the fearful birds exhibited a decline in hatchability (-0.37), egg specific gravity (-0.11), and the number of hatched chicks (-0.18). There were no correlations in the case of the other traits or they were positive but exhibited a substantial standard error, as for the egg weight. Conclusion: To sum up the results obtained, it can be noted that behavioural responses indicating fearfulness, i.e. escape, avoidance, and approach-avoidance may reflect negative emotions experienced by birds. The negative correlations with performance in the group of fearful hens may indirectly indicate a high level of stress in these birds, especially in the white-feathered birds, where stronger performance-fearfulness correlations were found. Fearful birds should be eliminated from breeding by inclusion of the behavioural profile in the selection criterion in the case of laying hens.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1001-1005
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• 2006

SSR markers를 이용하여 벼의 품종간 유전적 유연관계 분석과 품종식별 방법에 대한 연구를 수행하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. SSR primer 50개와 벼 보급종 21품종을 PCR 반응시킨 결과 다형성을 뚜렷하게 나타내는 primer는 23개였으며, 각 marker에 의해 발생된 대립유전자의 수는 $2{\sim}9$까지 검출되었고, 평균값은 3.00개로 나타났다. 유전적 다형성 정도를 나타내어 주는 SSR marker의 PIC 값은 최소 0.091에서부터 최대 0.839까지 다양하게 분석되었다. SSR marker를 이용하여 분석된 벼 21품종에 대한 전체 유전적 유사도는 $0.59{\sim}0.92$의 범위에 속하였고 유사도 지수 0.65를 기준으로 할 때 4개의 그룹으로 구분되었다. SSR marker중에서 RM206, RM225, RM418, RM478은 marker genotype에 의해 21 품종에 대해 각각 고유한 밴드 특성을 나타내어 품종판별이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 금후 이 연구결과는 벼 보급종의 품종식별을 위해 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2012

Bone mineral density (BMD) is used in the clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis and the assessment of fracture risk. Osteoporosis, characterized mainly by decreased BMD, is a highly heritable complex disorder and a major public health concern to hundreds of millions of elderly persons worldwide. However, the specific genetic variants determining risk for low bone density are still largely unknown. Here, we performed association analysis to elucidate the possible relations of genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 gene with low bone density. By examining genotype data of a total of 1813 women in the Korean Association REsource (KARE) study, we discovered the ESR1 gene polymorphisms are associated with decreased BMD and osteoporosis. The results on the BD-RT (bone density estimated by T-score at distal radius), three SNPs (rs2248586, rs9371557, and rs1569788) within the ESR1 gene were significantly associated with bone density. The results on the BD-TT (bone density estimated by T-score at midshaft tibia), five SNPs (rs9371552, rs2248586, rs712221, rs7772475, and rs3798577) were significantly associated with bone density. The SNP rs2248586 within the ESR1 gene had commonly significance in both BD-RT (${\beta}$=-0.151, dominant P=0.049) and BD-TT (${\beta}$=-0.156, dominant P=0.039). In the SNP rs2248586, their ${\beta}$-values in BD-RT and/or BD-TT showed consistent trends with the odds ratios (ORs) of osteoporosis. In summary, we found statistically significant SNPs in ESR1 gene that are associated with both decreased BMD and osteoporosis traits. Therefore, our findings suggest ESR1 gene could be related to pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2006

ISSR markers를 이용하여 수박 18품종의 유전적 유연관계를 분석하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 수박 18품종의 genomic DNA와 ISSR primer 100개를 PCR 반응시킨 결과 다형성을 뚜렷하게 나타내는 primer는 21개 이였으며, 이들 primer에 의해 증폭된 밴드는 105개 이였고 다형성을 보이는 밴드는 58개 였으며 증폭된 DNA 단편의 크기는 $0.2{\sim}5.0kb$ 사이에 위치하였다. 다형성을 나타낸 primer는 18개의 anchored primer와 3개의 non-anchored primer로 구분되었고 모든 anchored primer는 2개의 염기서열이 반복된 형태를 나타내었으며, non-anchored primer보다. 다형성 정도가 높게 나타났다. 수박 18품종은 유전적 유사도 값 0.42를 기준으로 할 때 18개 품종을 2개의 그룹 으로 구분할 수 있었으며, 국내에서 육성된 품종은 유전적 유사도가 아주 높은 것으로 분석 되었고, 이들 품종은 수박의 과형에 따라 유사하게 구분되었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.399-412
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• 2011

Little is known about the genetics or genomics of Panax ginseng. In this study, we developed 70 expressed sequence tagderived polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers by trials of 140 primer pairs. All of the 70 markers showed reproducible polymorphism among four Panax species and 19 of them were polymorphic in six P. ginseng cultivars. These markers segregated 1:2:1 manner of Mendelian inheritance in an $F_2$ population of a cross between two P. ginseng cultivars, 'Yunpoong' and 'Chunpoong', indicating that these are reproducible and inheritable mappable markers. A phylogenetic analysis using the genotype data showed three distinctive groups: a P. ginseng-P. japonicus clade, P. notoginseng and P. quinquefolius, with similarity coefficients of 0.70. P. japonicus was intermingled with P. ginseng cultivars, indicating that both species have similar genetic backgrounds. P. ginseng cultivars were subdivided into three minor groups: an independent cultivar 'Chunpoong', a subgroup with three accessions including two cultivars, 'Gumpoong' and 'Yunpoong' and one landrace 'Hwangsook' and another subgroup with two accessions including one cultivar, 'Gopoong' and one landrace 'Jakyung'. Each primer pair produced 1 to 4 bands, indicating that the ginseng genome has a highly replicated paleopolyploid genome structure.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.896-907
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• 1999

The morphometrical characteristics such as external measurements and mandible size assessment in mice and rats have to be highly heritable and sufficiently variable between strains in order to calculate a strain specific profiles. The coat color of Korean wild rats were observed and morphometric analysis of external measurements were carried out on Korean wild rats compared to laboratory strains in order to clarify the genetic characteristics of Korean wild rats and to establish background data as a domestication of Korean wild rats for new laboratory strain. Korean wild rats were captured from Chunchon and Hoengsong. 4 inbred and 1 outbred strains of rats were used in this study for the comparison of genetic characteristic of Korean wild rats. Total body length, head length, tail length, hind foot length and ear length were measured and then statistical analysis were carried out by discrimiant analysis. The coat color of Korean wild rat showed golden white in ventral portion and dark agouti in dorsal portion. Korean wild rats could be distinguished from the other laboratory strains distinctly by morphogenetical analysis. There was significant variations among Korean wild rat compared to those of the other laboratory strains of rat. This study may provide that Korean wild rats have a unique genetic characterization compared to those of other inbred strains of rats based on morphogenetical characteristics by external measurements.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1411-1416
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• 2014

Gender selection is important in livestock industries; for example, female calves are required in the dairy industry. Sex-sorted semen is commonly used for the production of calves of the desired gender. However, assessment of the sex ratio of the sorted semen is tedious and expensive. In this study, a rapid, cost effective and reliable method for determining the sex ratio was developed using a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. In this assay, the X and Y chromosome-specific markers, i.e., bovine proteolipid protein (PLP) gene and sex-determining region Y (SRY) were simultaneously quantified in a single tube. The multiplex real-time PCR assay was shown to have high amplification efficiencies (97% to 99%) comparable to the separated-tube simplex real-time PCR assay. The results obtained from both assays were not significantly different (p>0.05). The multiplex assay was validated using reference DNA of known X ratio (10%, 50%, and 90%) as templates. The measured %X in semen samples were the same within 95% confidence intervals as the expected values, i.e., >90% in X-sorted semen, <10% in Y-sorted semen and close to 50% in the unsorted semen. The multiplex real-time PCR assay as shown in this study can thus be used to assess purity of sex-sorted semen.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2013

Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) are widely used in the clinical diagnosis of hepatic diseases and the assessment of liver status. They also have epidemiological significance to be prospective risk factors for bone diseases, such as osteitis deformans, rickets, osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, healing fractures, and osteoblastic bone tumors. In the previous study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several genes have been reported to be associated with serum levels of liver enzyme in American population. We aimed to confirm whether the genetic variation of RETNLB (resistin like beta) gene also influence the serum levels of liver enzyme in Korean population. We genotyped variants in or near RETNLB in a population-based sample including 994 Korean adults. Here, we performed association analysis to elucidate the possible relations of genetic polymorphisms in RETNLB gene with serum levels of liver enzyme. By examining genotype data of a total of 944 subjects in 5 hospital health promotion centers, we discovered the RETNLB gene polymorphisms are associated with serum levels of ALP. The common and highest significant polymorphism was rs736327 (${\beta}$=8.66, P=2.37E-05), rs7639070 (${\beta}$=8.56, P=3.24E-05) with ALP in all groups. Furthermore, the ALP was consistently associated with rs736327 (${\beta}$=10.40, P=5.23E-05), rs7639070 (${\beta}$=10.32, P=6.74E-05) in the male population. Consequently, we found statistically significant SNPs in RETNLB gene that are associated with serum levels of ALP. In addition, these results suggest that the individuals with the minor alleles of the SNP in the RETNLB gene may have elevated serum levels of ALP in the Korean population.