• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate patient experience assessment of inpatients, and to prepare measures to improve the quality level of medical services and guarante patient rights. Methods: The study was conducted among 199 patients admitted to hospitals and general hospitals in the metropolitan area. The analysis method used was crossover analysis, including a comparison of means, and logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall average score of satisfaction with healthcare service was 3.39 for nurses, 3.35 for hospitals and 3.42 for general hospitals. Age at the time of hospitalization affected satisfaction. The overall average score of healthcare service satisfaction was 3.09 for doctors, 3.14 for hospitals, and 3.04 for general hospitals. The factors affecting hospital satisfaction were gender and subjective health status. The factors affecting satisfaction in general hospitals were education, medical department, and hospitalization route. Conclusions: Hospitals should also introduce a systematic management system of general hospitals and strengthen the guarantee of the rights of patients who can improve the quality of medical care through positive communication between medical personnel and patients.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 1986

We got the following results from the 324 radiologic technologists as we surveyed their working condition by using the questionaire, who were working in the medical institutions (general hospitals and doctor's clinics) situated in the area of Seoul city, Kyung ki-do and Chung-chong-do since June to December 1985. 1. Their daily average working time was almost within 10 hours (in 93.9% of general hospitals, 66.1% of clinics). 2. About the numbers of holidays, 85.5% of general hospitals have one holiday per week,41.3% of clinics have one holiday per week or 38.5% of clinics have one holiday per two weeks. 3. Duty appointment of radiologic technologists in the department of radiology is taking charge of each part after serving for a certain part for some period (42.8%), taking charge of the special part continually or by turns in other working parts (35.3%). On the other hand in the clinics they took charge of all parts continually (53.2%) or by turns with their own situations. (30.3%). 4. Their daily working amount is too much in 51.6% of general hospitals or 45.8% of clinics. 5. They answered it was hard in 81.4% of general hospitals or 43.1% of clinics about the degree of difficulty of their work. 6. Their monthly salary is higher in the clinics than in the general hospitals and higher in Seoul area than in Kyung-ki or Chung-chong area. 7. Their yearly bonus .ate is 400%-600% (69.2%) in almost general hospitals, 100%-300% (57.8%) in th. clinics. 8. Danger allowance is paid with the monthly salary in 62.8% of the general hospitals or 19.2% of clinics and license allowance is paid in 44.7% of general hospitals or in 12.8% of clinics. 9. Their initial salary (except bonus) is about 200,000 won (in 76.8% of general hospitals, in 67.8% of clinics). 10. Their salary is raised regulary every year in 52.6% of general hospitals, but it is irregulary in 73.4% of clinics. 11. Promotion system is managed in 48.4% of the general hospitals or in 14.7% of clinics. 12. Retirement allowance is assured in 96.9% of the general hospitals or in 63.3% of clinics. 13. Main cause of their retirement is moving to more paid hospitals, better hospitals in working condition or facilities, moving to another cities, to the hospitals with more opportunities of promotion or choosing other jobs etc. 14. Human relationship with doctors, nurses or co-worker technologists as a member of medical team appeared almost intimate and good.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 1984

The major findings of this investigation on radiographic works in 125 medical institutions around Seoul and Kyung-Ki area, from March 1983 to February 1984, are summarized as follows. 1. The number of references provided on radiographic techniques were 3 to 5 in general hospitals (52.1%), in hospitals (58.5%), and clinics (44.5%), and only the 10.4% of general hospitals had 11 or more. 2. The relatively high percentages of 75.0% of general hospitals and 68.3% of hospitals have established the standardized radiographic methods for regions examined, but most clinics (61.1%) have not. 3. As a log system for the radiographic request, the method of "routine study, or all the x-ray examinations are marked as 0 on a printed form" was most commonly used by general hospitals (62.5%) and hospitals (51.2%), and "the doctors employ their own methods" in most clinics (44.6%). 4. In the 85.4% of general hospitals, the 68.3% of hospitals and the 38.9% of clinics, the data such as diagnosis, clinic history, purpose of x-ray examination were recorded on a radiographic request at all times, or at least in part. 5. On a scale of hardness and easiness of order of doctors, the greatest response was "fairly easy to understand", and the 37.5% of general hospitals responded as "sometimes hard". 6. In determining the standards for radiographic factors, the general hospitals (62.5%) and hospitals (65.9%) adapted mostly "a departmental check list", and the clinics (61.1%) used mainly "a personal decision". 7. In using the immobilizing devices, angligner, and radiographic accessories, the Percentages were high in general hospitals and hospitals on the one hand, and were low in clinics on the other. 8. A consideration with regard to the devices for an improvement of examination of the same patients was totally ignored by the 50.0% of clinics, the 26.8% of hospitals and the 20.8% of general hospitals. 9. The causes of re-examination were due largely to patients (33.6%), and followed proportionately by incorrect exposure (22.8%), errors in positioning (22.0%), film processing faults (9.2%), conditions of x-ray equipments (8.8%), and quality of x-ray films (3.6%). 10. The conference on radiography was conducted regularly or irregularly by the 87.5% of general hospitals, the 56.1% of hospitals, and the 27.7% of clinics, and the meeting was proceeded only by radiologic technologists.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-53
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the strategy of hospital specialization by analyzing the differences in expected and perceived services, perceived service quality, satisfaction, and intentions to revisit and recommend the hospital to others between general and specialty hospitals. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire from patients admitted to four study hospitals: two speciality and two general hospitals. The questionnaire was developed based on SERVQUAL to measure five dimensions of service quality. Four hundreds questionnaires were distributed to inpatients or their guardians and 282 returned questionnaires were used in the analyses. The significance of the differences in study variables between specialty and general hospitals were tested by t-test and $x^2$-test. The factor analysis result confirmed the construct validity of 28 questions asked to measure service quality and resulted in four dimensions of service quality: reliability, assurance, tangible and empathy/responsiveness. Cronbach's Alpha ranged from .9013 to .9358, that confirmed the internal consistency of answers. The study results indicated that patients who used specialty hospitals had higher levels of expected and perceived service, a higher level of perceived service quality, and higher levels of service satisfaction than patients who used general hospitals. Percents of patients who had the intention to revisit the hospital and to recommend the hospital to others were higher among patients in specialty hospitals. The most frequent reason to choose the hospital was the excellence of doctors in both general(29.9%) and specialty(43.8%) hospitals, that was followed by convenient transportation(15.3%) and someone know works at the hospital(15.3%) in general hospitals and other's recommendation(14.6%), and nice amenities(13.1%) in specialty hospitals. Although there were no significant differences in clinical department, age, and sex of patients between general and specialty hospitals, patients who visited speciality hospitals had higher levels of education and income than their counter part in general hospitals. These results suggested that specialty hospitals performed better than general hospitals. Specialization could be a viable strategy to tide over recent financial difficulties experienced by hospitals, particularly small- and medium-sized hospitals.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze the elements that affect the energy consumption of general hospitals in Korea. Methods : Factors affecting energy consumption in general hospitals include facility elements and operating elements. The effects of these elements on energy consumption of general hospitals were analyzed by statistical methods such as t-test, anova, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Results : Total floor area, number of operating rooms, number of MRI, number of staffs, and number of outpatients can be said as useful variables that can explain energy consumption in general hospitals. Implication : It is possible to save energy consumption in general hospitals by adjusting major variables that affect the energy consumption of general hospitals.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.203-215
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• 2013

This study calculated meta Malmquist indices and their bootstraped estimates and then decomposed them into technical efficiency change(TEC), technology change(TC), pure technology catch up(PTCU), frontoer catch up(FCU), using annual data set of general hospitals from year 2007 to 2011 collected by Korean Hospital Association and then analyzed productivity change and technology gap of Korean general hospitals. The results and implications were as follows below. First, public general hospitals showed higher meta technical efficiencies than private general hospitals while exhibited lower technology gap ratio which meant a few large private general hospitals led the whole general hospitals. Second, group productivity of private general hospitals increased larger than public general hospitals due to the differences of PTCU rather than FCU. But, there was no statistically significant differences for technical efficiency, productivity change, technology gap. Thus, public general hospitals played the same role as the private general hospitals in terms of the number of patients treated. But, considering financial hardships of public general hospitals, public hospitals needed to share and learn medical and managerial skills of the best practice of private general hospitals.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed to examine changes of hospital nurse staffing by hospital characteristics during 2008-2010. Methods: The study sample included 44 tertiary hospitals, 226 general hospitals, and 532 non-general hospitals that were operating during 2008-2010. Grade of nursing management fee was categorized from Grade 1(highest) to 6 (lowest) in tertiary hospitals, l or Grade 7 in general hospitals and non-general hospitals based on the nurse-to-bed ratio. For data analysis, ${\chi}^2$ and GEE were conducted. Results: For three years, the number of tertiary hospitals below Grade 2 were increased from 8 to 12, the number of those above Grade 4 were decreased from 15 to 6. The number of general hospitals above Grade 6 decreased from 123 to 86. Tertiary hospitals and general hospitals had more possibilities to improve nurse staffing grade than general hospital (OR 79.69, 95% CI 50.77~125.09, OR 11.25, 95% CI 8.15~15.53, respectively). Greater likelihood of improvement in grade of nursing management fee was found in university hospital or hospitals with 300 or more beds than other types of hospitals. Conclusion: Differentiating nurse staffing system by hospital type and increasing financial incentives according to the grades are needed to improve hospital nurse staffing.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.63-76
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to analyze the utilization patterns of other region inpatients in general hospitals located in Seoul area. For the analysis, the study utilize the nationwide data on '2008 Survey of Patients' of Ministry of Health & Welfare. The statistical methodology used in the study is the logistic regression model. This study has three major findings. First, the significant affecting sociodemographic factors in selecting general hospitals located in Seoul area was sex, age, type of payment and inpatients residence region. Second, compared to other disease groups, the inpatients on both 'congenital malformation, deformity and chromosomal abnormalities' and 'neoplasm' groups are more likely to utilize general hospitals in Seoul area. Furthermore, in 'neoplasm' disease group, inpatients with 'bones and articular cartilage malignant neoplasm' are more likely to utilize general hospitals in Seoul area. Finally, hospitals with more than 1,000 beds was chief factor in selecting Seoul-based hospitals by other region inpatients. In conclusion, the study showed that other region inpatients are more likely to utilize general hospitals located in Seoul area in case of severe disease, rare case and surgical case. Therefore, central and local authority is required to monitor local hospitals on quality of the medical service as well as support them to establish specialized medical centers by providing human and physical resources.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.24 no.3 s.35
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• pp.400-413
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• 1991

The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting the optimum mix of required inputs and other relevant factors which account for the variation in physician's productivity in general hospitals, and to find out their implications for the efficient health planning and management. An extended version of Cobb-Douglas production function and cross sectional data of one day patient census from all general hospitals in Korea in 1988 were used in the analysis. Main results of the analysis and their implications could be summarized as follows : (1) The production function for physician's inpatient service shows the evidence of economies of scale, but the production function for physician's outpatient and adjusted-patient service, which combines both out- and in-patient service, shows that of dis-economies of scale. (2) The physician's role for production for all service is smaller than auxiliary personnel's, which imply that more intensive utilization of nurses, nursing aides and other auxiliary personnel is desirable for improving general hospital productivity (3) In case of physician's inpatient and adjusted-patient service, nurses' role is greater than nursing aides'. Therefore, more extensive utilization of nurses is recommended for the efficient operation of general hospitals. (4) The factor of hospital beds plays the leading role among required inputs in the production for physician's in- and adjusted-patient service. (5) The physician's productivity of general hospitals in rural area is lower than that in urban area. And the productivity of teaching hospitals is lower than that of the other hospitals. Further analysis was made in physician production function based upon the size of hospitals, namely those hospitals below 250 beds and those above. Explained variances by the factor of hospital beds was significantly increased in the case of those hospitals above 250. A more detailed and thorough investigation is needed for verifying factors influencing physician's productivity in general hospitals in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.56-66
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare internal marketing, job satisfaction and customer orientation between nurses in small-medium hospitals and nurses in general hospitals. Method: The participants were 470 nurses were working in 8 small-medium hospitals and 5 general hospitals. Data were collected with structured questionnaires in July, 2010, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, MANCOVA, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Scheffe test with PASW (SPSS) 18.0 program. Results: There was no significant difference between small-medium hospital nurses and general hospital nurses in internal marketing and customer orientation. But nurses in small-medium hospitals had higher levels of job satisfaction than general hospital nurses. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the necessity of developing programs that will help to improve job satisfaction in nurses.