• 정신신체의학
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2011

연구목적:외상후스트레스장애(posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD)는 정신, 신체, 사회적 영역 등 다양한 영역의 삶의 질에 중대한 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 베트남전 참전 퇴역 군인에서 PTSD 발생 유무에 따른 삶의 질을 비교하고, 참전 퇴역 군인의 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 요인들을 알아보고자 한다. 방 법:연구에 참여한 전체 베트남전 참전 퇴역 군인 중 PTSD군 39명, 비PTSD군 43명을 대상으로, 한국판 Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus, 한국판 임상가를 위한 외상 후 스트레스 장애 척도, 한국판 단축형 세계보건기구 삶의 질 척도, 전투노출척도 등을 실시하였다. PTSD군과 비PTSD군의 삶의 질 영역별 차이를 확인하기 위해 독립표본 t검정을 시행하였으며, 전체 베트남전 참전 퇴역 군인의 삶의 질과 관련이 있을 수 있는 변수들과 삶의 질 척도 각 영역 사이에 단계별 다중선형회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결 과: PTSD군은 비PTSD군에 비해 삶의 질의 모든 세부 영역들 및 전체 삶의 질 점수(p<0.01)에서 유의하게 저하된 소견을 보였다. 베트남전 참전 퇴역 군인의 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 요인들은 PTSD, 우울증, 교육 수준이었다. 이 중 PTSD는 전반적인 삶의 질 및 건강상태(${\beta}$=-1.411, $R^2$=0.180), 신체 건강영역(${\beta}$=-2.806, $R^2$=0.089), 전체 삶의 질(${\beta}$=-11.479, $R^2$=0.104)을 가장 잘 설명하였다. 결 론: 베트남전 참전 퇴역 군인에서 PTSD군이 비PTSD군에 비해 삶의 질이 저하된 소견을 보였다. 참전 퇴역 군인에서 PTSD는 다양한 삶의 질 영역에 영향을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한간호
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.77-99
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• 1992

The study was carried out at W. hospital, an affiliated hospital of Y university, involved a total of 163 patients who were discharged from the hospital between May 1990 und March 199J. Data collection was twice, just prior to discharge and a minimum of three months post discharge. Thirty patients who lived within a hour travel time of the hospital received home care during the three months post discharge. Nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions For these patients were analyzed in this study. The results of the study are summarized as follows : 1. Discharge needs for the subjects of the study were analyzed using Gordon's eleven Functional categories and it was found that 48.3% of the total sample had identified nursing needs. Of these, the needs most frequently identified were in the categories of sexuality, 79.3 %, health perception, 68.2 % self concept, 62.5 %, and sleep and rest 62.5 %. Looking ut j he nursing diagnosis that were made for the 30 patients receiving home care, the following diagnoses were the most frequently given; alteration in sexual pattern 79.3%, alterations in health maintenance, 72.6%, alteration in comfort, 68.0%, depression, 64.0%, noncompliance with diet therapy, 6.3.7%, alteration in self concept, 55.6%, and alteration in sleep pattern, 53%. 2. In looking at the effects of home nursing care as demonstrated by changes in the functional categories over the three month period, it was Found that of the 11 functional categories, the need level for health perception, nutrition, activity and self concept decreased slightly over the three month period. On the average sleep patterns improved, but restfulness was slightly less and bowel elimination patterns improved but satisfaction with urinary elimination was slightly less. On the other hand, role enactment, sexuality, stress management and spirituality decreased slightly. The only results that were statistically significant at the 0.05 level were improvement. in digestion and decrease in pain. No statistically significant changes were found in ability related to ADL, the total ADL Score at discharge was $19.78{\pm}8.234, and after 3 months $19.01{\pm}8.12$. Considering that a majority of the patients were over 60 years of age and that many had brain or spinal cord injuries, the fact that their ADL ability did nor deteriorate after discharge can be interpreted as related to a positive impact by the home health care nurses. Similarly there was a slight be not statistically significant decrease in the quality of life scores between the two lest times(l47.83 at discharge and 113.02 at the three month period). Again, when the chronic nature of thee problems facing these patients is considered this maintenance of quality of life can be interpreted as a positive impact by the home health care nurses. 3. One of the home care nursing activities was diagnosis. For this activity it was found that for nine functional health categories(sexuality and spirituality excepted) there were 20 nursing diagnoses. The most frequent were noncompliance, alteration in skin integrity both actual and potential, and impaired physical mobility in that order. 4. Delivery of home health care by the home health nurses included the following nursing activities; assessment, patient education, demonstration of care activities, counselling, direct care to the patient and referrals. Direct care included changing dressings, bladder irrigations, changing Foley catheters, measurement of residual urine, perineal care, position change, back care, oral hygiene, exercise and massage of motion exercises, cleansing enemas, tracheostomy suctioning and tracheostomy care, care of dentures, applications of heat and other similar nursing activities. In conclusion almost 50% of (he sample indicated a need for continued nursing care at the time of discharge and for the patients in the sample who received home care there was a slight decrease in nursing needs but while the patients had chronic and debilitation problems there was ill decrease in ADL abilities or in quality of life. Further study needs Lo be done La increase the reliability and validity of the tool that was used to measure home health care needs. It is also recommended that study by done using a randomized sampling with a control group to compare patients who receive home care with those who do not.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.112-118
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• 1978

튀김용으로 사용되는 식물성 기름인 콩기름(Soybean), 옥수수기름(Corn oil), 채종유(Rapeseed oil) 및 미강유(rice bran oil)등 네가지를 선택하여 가열 시간에 따른 성분 및 물성 변화를 측정하므로써 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 필수 불포화지방산 : 가열하지 않는 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유, 미강유의 리노레산$(C_{18}^{=2})$은 각각 53.2%, 52.0%, 53.3%, 37.4%로서 미강유의 리노레산의 함량이 가장 낮다. 48시간 가열했을 때의 리노레산의 잔존량은 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유, 미강유가 각각 23.8%, 19.7%, 14.9%, 34.1%이다. 리노렌산$(C_{18}^{=3})$의 가열하지 않은 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유, 미강유의 함량은 각각 7.1%, 2.4%, 0.3%, 29.7%이고 48시간 가열후 각각 1.7%, 0.1%, 0.1%, 5.0%로 상당히 감소된다. 2. 포화 지방산 : 팔미트산과 스테아르산의 전 함량은 가열하지 않은 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유 및 미강유의 경우 각각 12.3%, 10.8%, 11.4%, 16.9%, 이고 48시간 가열후 각각 10.8%, 10.2%, 11.2%, 15.4%로서 가열후에도 거의 변화를 일으키지 않는다. 3. 산가 : 가열하지 않은 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유, 미강유의 산가는 0.09, 0.13, 0.15, 0.45이고 가열시간에 따른 산가의 변화는 콩기름의 경우 제일 적게 나타났으며 미강유는 32시간, 48시간 가열에서, 채종유는 48시간 가열에서 변색 또는 불용성 때문에 산가 측정이 불가능 했다. 4. 요오드가 : 가열하지 않은 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유의 요오드가는 각각 121, 117, 117로서 거의 비슷하나 포화도가 높고 불포화도가 낮은 미강유는 요오드 가가가 100이다. 5. 과산화물가 : 가열하지 않은 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유, 미강유의 과산화물가는 각각 5.6, 13.5, 54.8, 13.1이며 이중에서 채종유의 값이 불포화도가 비슷한 콩기름 및 옥수수기름에 비하여 훨씬 높은 것은 포장이 허술한 병에 보관하므로서 자연광선에 의한 산패에 기인하는 것으로 추측되며 따라서 식용유의 경우 포장 저장 방법 및 저장 기간등이 매우 중요함을 알수 있다. 6. 점도 : 가열하지 않은 콩기름, 옥수수기름, 채종유, 미강유는 각각 48.58, 51.32, 52.46, 97.39센티스토크로 대체적으로 비슷하나 32시간 이상 가열 후에는 미강유와 채종유는 점도 측정이 불가능 할 정도로 커져 실제 튀김 조리용으로 사용이 거의 불가능 함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.122-136
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• 2000

Chronic illness requiring attention and management during a long period of time puts great burden onto patients, their family and society. For patients with chronic illnesses, providing social support is the most important, and the fundamental support comes from their spouses. Amount and quality of support from spouses seems to differentiated according to the sex of patients. Female patients tend to believe that their spouses are not very supportive. Therefore, the researchers assessed the burden of husbands of female arthritis patients to discover the factors that result in greater burden. Also, they developed a theoretical model of husbands′ care for their wives through a qualitative research into husbands′ experience. Method 1: The study material was 650 female arthritis patients registered in an arthritis clinic. The questionnaire about the disease experience of female arthritis patients and the burden of husbands were sent. Returned questionnaires numbered 210(32.3%) and 27 were excluded because of inadequate answers. The remaining 183 questionnaires were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 51 years and the mean age of spouses was 55 years. The mean marital period was 28 years. The average duration since diagnosis was 9.1 years. Education level was varied from primary school to graduate school, and average income/month was 1,517,300 won. Method 2: Initial questionnaire studies on the burden of husbands were performed. Among 183 responding husbands, 23 consented to participate for a qualitative research. Data was obtained by direct and telephone interviews. The mean age of participants was 58 years, and the educational level and socioeconomic status also varied. Result: 1. Husbands′ burden: The average burden was 57.68 with a range of 6-96. 2. Burden and general characteristics: The husband′s burden correlated with the age of the patients, numbers in the family, therapy methods, patient′s level of discomfort, patient′s disease severity, patient′s level of dependence and the husband′s understanding of the level of severity. 3. Linear correlation analysis on burden: The husbands′ burden is explained in 22.5% by husband′s recognition of level of severity and husbands′ age. 4. There were four patterns of the burden on husbands: both objectve burden and subjective burden were high(pattern I), both of objectve burden and subjective burden were low(pattern II), objective burden was high but subjective burden was low(pattern III), objective burden was low but subjective burden was high(pattern IV). The pattern was correlated with the family income, educational level of the patients and their husbands, therapy methods, patient′s level of discomfort, patient′s disease severity, patient′s level of dependence and husband′s understanding of level of severity. 5. The core category of the caring experience of the husbands with arthritis patients was "companionship". The causal factor was the patients′ experience due to symptoms : physical disfigurement, pain, immobility, limitation of house chores, and limitation of social activities. Contextural factors are husbands′ identification of housework and husbands′ concern about the disease. The mediating factors are economic problems, fear of aging, feeling of limitation and family support. The strategy for interaction is mind control and how to solve emotional stress. The "companionship" resulted from caring activities, participation of household activities, helping patients′ to coping with emotional experience. 6. Companionship is established through the process of entering intervention, and caring state of mind. Entering intervention is the phase of participation of therapy and involvement of houseworks. The caring phase consists of decision on therapy, providing therapy, providing direct care, and taking over the household role of wife. Through caring phase, the changing phase set a stage in which husbands consolidate the relationship with their wives, and are reminded of the meaning of marriage. As a result, in changing phase, husbands′ companionship is enhanced. In conclusion, nursing care of chronic illnesses should include a family member especially the spouse. All information on disease shoud be provided to patients and whole family member. Strong support should also be provided to overcome difficulties in taking over role of other sex. Then the quality of life of patients and families will be much improved.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 1976

The Purpose of this study was to determine every possible correlation between food habits and body statures of primary school children, aged ten years old. This study was conducted from July to October of 1975. In July, prepared questionaires concerning life style, anthropometry, food preference, and food behavior were distributed through school teachers to 425 children; 219 boys and 206 girls, in the 5th grade of three elementary schools in the city of Seoul. Then, in October, when subjects had been classified into underweight/obese by statistical analysis, mothers of obese or underweight children were interviewed by the authors to determine weaning history, daily food consumption of their children, and opinions of various snacks for children. Analysis of results in terms of correlation coefficient, chisquare test and percentage calculations, are as follows: 1. Physical growth and development Boys Girls Height (cm) $134.8{\pm}5.74\;134.4{\pm}5.97$ Weight (kg) $30.0{\pm}4.27\;29.5{\pm}5.16$ Chestgirth (cm) $64.1{\pm}3.59\;63.3{\pm}3.81$ Arm circumference (cm) $18.3{\pm}1.61\;18.2{\pm}1.70$ Triceps skinfold thickness (mm) $10.9{\pm}5.13\;12.7{\pm}4.86$ Various indices of nutrition such as relative weight, relative chestgirth, $R{\ddot{o}}hrer's$ index, Kaup index, Vervaeck index were determined. 2. Food habits 1) Food $preference{\cdots}{\cdots}A$ varying number of foods were selected from 60 items were accepted. It was found that the food which children liked best was fruit and snacks were popular one. Lowest ranking among LIKED foods were from strongly flavored vegetables and organ meat. In general, girls had more food dislikes than did boys. Selected as liked foods were fruits, rice noodle soup, biscuits, and peanuts. Disliked foods were liver, green onions, onions, green pepper, mushrooms, oysters, shellfish, and pork. Items which children never ate before were liver, mushrooms, fish cake, boiled rice mixed with sorghum, mayonnaise, and fresh water firsh. Reasons which children gave for dislike were undesirable flavor and odor. 2) Food $behavior{\cdots}{\cdots}It$ was found that boys liked sweet and salty flavors more than did the girls who more often liked sour flavor. The majority of children enjoyed evening meals more than lunch and breakfast. A number of children skipped breakfast because of lack of appetite or lack of time before going to school. Snacks were the most popular food, especially among girls. Their snacking habits were formed by the encouragement of the mother, and the relieve boredom. Educational backgrounds of mothers and family economical levels of children were remarkable correlated with mothers' attitudes toward feeding of children. There were several interesting findings relating body stature to some other responses; such as that the obese child has a small number of brothers, higher birth order, higher educated mothers and higher family cultural background. It was also discovered that food perference, except for fat and oil group foods was not related to body stature. Sweet taste was liked best and pepperly taste was mostly disliked. Sour taste was popular in the group of underweight. Underweight children were more finicky, disliked snacking, and didn't get much attention from their mothers. 3) Correlation between body stature and nutrition during their infancy. The majority of children, both from obese and underweight, were breast fed as infant. Twenty five per cent of obese children and 17.4 per cent of underwight children started weaning at $1{\sim}6$ months old. The most popular supplemental food of weaning was cereal gruel for the obese group, while boiled white rice and cereal gruel were most common for the underweight group. Highly significant relationships were found between stature of parents and their children. In the obese group 47.8 per cent of fathers and 45.9 per cent of mothers were overweight; however, none of the fathers and only one mother was found to be underweight. In daily food consumption patterns, meals consisting of bread or noodle were popular in the obese group but disliked by the underweight group. The study found clear contrast in that the obese group liked meat and fish while the underweight group liked fruits and vegetables, especially kimchee. The obese children desired to eat cereal foods, milk and milk products, and fat foods while the underweight group desired to eat fruits and vegetables. Frequency of snacks per day was much greater in the obese group. Foods which mothers believed to be good for the health were carrots, cucumbers, fruits, milk, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and breads, while sweet foods such as candies, drinks. chocolate were considered not good for the teeth. Watching television was not significantly related to statures of children. Most significant relationships were found beween frequencies of family guest meals/and eating-out, and children's statures. Nutritional problems which have been considered for the malnourished children in addition to those of children who have a tendency toward obesity, must be taken into consideration in the development of proper nutrition education through the channels of regular school teaching and teaching by parents in the homes. Korean standards of anthropometric measurements for children should be revised, current measurements show much higher figures than present Korean standards.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.57-74
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• 1990

As the whole world took on the tendency to be highly industrialized, it became necessary for each field of occupation to require professional man power. Especially, since the World War n, the participation of woman power in economic activities has been continually increasing. In our country also, because of the rapid economic growth, change in the way of thinking of women as well as their participation in economic activities are increasing. Thus, woman power is being utilized in various occupational fields from simple physical labor to those that require high-professional skill. Also, continued economic development policies, by setting the establishment of welfare society as the ideology to be fulfilled, brought expansion of medical facilities in the field of public health and increase in man power in that field. As for the nursing specialists, more than 6000 have been being produced per year and as of the end of 1988, the total number of nursing specialists, reached 123, 115. Therefore, this study is done to recognize the professional knowledge and ability of nursing specialists, who take up $40\%$ of the total public-health related man power in our country, through evaluating their working environment and their disposition of character. This study, which was done from September 18th to September 30th 1989, took on the method of using formed questionnaires that had been amended and supplemented during two preparatory investigations, 322 of such questionnaires were used as an analytical material. In the formation of questionnaires, 12 questions were related to the working environment, and 26 in fortotal were related to the disposition of character, 5 for wise-disposition, 11 for activedisposition and 10 for open-disposition. The measuring method, which used 5-point-standard, allowed 5 points for affirmative recognition of the working environment, also 5 points for showing wise, active and open disposition of character and only point in opposite cases. Collected materials were analyzed, through an electronic calculation, into the average value, the standard deflection percentage, pearson corelative number and stepwise multiple regression. Summarizing the results from this study is as follows: 1. It was shown that the nursing specialists with the average of 3.07 have affirmative recognition of their working environment. The questions which drew most affirmative reaction were those concerning finance-management system such as hand, the questions that received negative reaction were those concerning communication method with the average of 2.49. Such reaction seems to have resulted from the cramming regulation by the superior authorities. Concerning the recognition of working environment in relation to employment conditions, more affirmative recognition is shown with the average of 3.14. at hospitals where injection job is not performed. The nursing specialists working at regular hospitals show more affirmative recognition than those at general hospitals, the averages being respectiely 3.16 and 3.03. 2. As for the disposition of character of the nursing specialists, active-disposition was highest with the average of 3.38, next was wise-disposition with 3.20 and the lowest was open-diposition with 2.98. Variable-wise disposition of character shows that wise-disposition and academic background are beneficially correlated by 0.12. Ative-disposition and open-disposition show correlation to the office term by respectively 0.16 and 0.21. In other words. better academic background leads to higher wise-disposition and more - experience results in higher active and open disposition. Also, the class that performs the injection job, in relation to the working environment, might cause change in the self-conceit that identify those in that class with the nurses; however, as far as professional judgment and action, in dealing with nursing job, being wise, active and open is concerned, not much effect is made. 3. The relation between the recognition of the working environment and the disposition of character is that more afirmative recognition- a nursing specialist has about her working environment, the higher the active-disposition becomes by 0.13. The degrees of the relation between recongnition of environment and wise and open dispositions show respectively 0.06 and -0.06 and -0.06. That is to say that when having more affirmative recognition of the working environment, a nursing specialist shows wise but closed disposition of character. This, howerver, didn't mean much statistically. When observing the results mentioned above, it is conspicuous that the nursing specialists, working as substitutes for the nurse at medical institutions of various sizes, get the feeling of being somewhat equal to the nurses and to some extent, fulfill their desire to accomplish their ego; however, as far as professional ability expansion if concerned. they lack wise and open dispositions. Therefore, considiering upon the results of this study, in medical institutions where the work of nursing specialists is regaded equal to that of the nurses, as a medical member who deals with human lives, it is desirable to make the nursing specialists work under the supervision of the nurses and to offer them continuous education to strengthen and improve their natural dispositions.

• 대한간호
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.45-62
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• 1998

The study was conducted from November 1995 to May 1996 at the one general hospital in Seoul. The total subjects of this study were 412 patients who have the experience of fall accident, among them 31 was who have fallen during hospitalization and 381 was who visited emergency room and out patient clinic. The purposes of this study were to determine the characteristics, risk factors and results of fall accident and to suggest the nursing strategies for prevention of fall. Data were collected by reviewing the medical records and interviewing with the fallers and their family members. For data analysis, spss/pc+ program was utilized for descriptive statistics, adjusted standardized $X^2$-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Total subjects were 412 fallers, of which 245(59.5%) were men and 167(40.5%) were women. Age were 0-14 years 79(19.2%), 15-44 years 125(30.4%), 45-64 years 104(25.2%), over 65 years 104(25.2%). 2) There was significant association between age and the sexes ($X^2$=39.17, P=0.00). 3) There was significant association between age and history of falls ($X^2$=44.41. P= .00). And history of falls in the elderly was significantly associated with falls. 4) There was significant association with age and medical diagnosis ($X^2$=140.66, P= .00), chief medical diagnosis were hypertension(34), diabetis mellitus(22), arthritis(11), stroke(8), fracture(7), pulmonary tuberculosis(6), dementia(5) and cataract(5), 5) There was significant association between age and intrinsic factors: cognitive impairment, mobility impairment, insomnia, emotional problems, urinary difficulty, visual impairments, hearing impairments, use of drugs (sedatives , antihypertensive drugs, diuretics, antidepressants) (P < 0.05). But there was no significant association between age and dizziness ($X^2$=2.87, P=.41). 6) 15.3% of total fallers were drunken state when they were fallen. 7) Environmental factors of fall accident were unusual posture (50.9%), slips(35.2%), trips (9.5%) and collision(4.4%). 8) Most of falls occurred during the day time, peak frequencies of falls occurred from 1pm to 6pm and 7am to 12am. 9) The places of fall accident were roads(22.6%), house-stairs 06.7%), rooms, floors, kitchen (11.2%), the roof-top, veranda, windows(10.9%), hospital(7.5%), ice or snowy ways(5.8%), bathroom(4.9%), playground, park(4.9%), subway-stairs(4.4%) and public-bathrooms (2.2%). 10) Activities at the time of fall accident were walking(37.6%), turning around or reaching for something(20.9%), going up or down stairs09.2%), exereise, working07.4%), up or down from a bed(2.7%), using wheelchair or walking aids, standing up or down from a chair(2.2%) and standing still(2.2%). 11) Anatomical locations of injuries by falls were head, face, neck(31.3%), lower extremities (29.9%). upper extremities(20.6%), spine, thorax, abdomen or pelvic contents(l1.4%) and unspecified(2.9%). 12) Types of injures were fracture(47.6%), bruises03.8%), laceration (13.3%), sprains(9.0%), headache(6.6%), abrasions(2.9%), intracranial hemorrage(2.4%) and burns(0.5%). 13) 41.5% of the fallers were hospitalized and average of hospitalization was 22.3 days. 14) The six fallers(1.46%) died from fall injuries. The two fallers died from intracranial hemorrage and the four fallers died of secondary infection; pneumonia(2), sepsis(1) and cell lulitis(1). It is suggested that 1) Further study is needed with larger sample size to identify the fall risk factors. 2) After the fall accident, comprehensive nursing care and regular physical exercise should be emphasized for the elderly person. 3) Safety education and safety facilities of the public place and home is necessary for fall prevention.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.978-985
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 식생활 관리능력이 부족하고 알코올 섭취수준이 높은 대학생의 올바른 식사관리 방안을 마련할 수 있는 기초자료를 제시해보고자 충남지역 일부 남자 대학생을 대상으로 알코올 비섭취군, 섭취군, 고섭취군으로 분류한후 일반환경, 식습관과 식행동, 건강 태 식품섭취 빈도 및 영양 섭취량등을 설문조사하였으며 그결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 평균나이, 신장, 체중 및 체질량지수는 25.8$\pm$6.1세 , 171.5$\pm$5.4cm, 63.4$\pm$9.7 kg, 21.3$\pm$2.8kg/$m^2$이었으면 신장, 체중, 체질량지수는 세군간에 유의적인 차이를 보여 고 알콜올군, 알코올군, 비알코올군 순으로 높았다. (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.01). 주거형태와 식생활 관리자는 세군간에 유의한 차이가 있다 (p<0.05. p<0.01) 혼자 자취하는 비율과 스스로 식사를 준비하는 비율이 고 알코올군, 알코올군, 비알코올군 순으로 높았다. 생활습관과 관련된 조사항목으로 질환유무, 수면시간 및 비타민/무기질 보충제의 복용여부는 세 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 운동과 흡연비율은 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보여(p<0.05, p<0.001)운동을 전혀 하지 않거나 흡연을 하지 않은 비율이 비 알코올군, 알코올군, 고알코올군 순으로 높았다. 식행동에 대한 결과로 아침, 점심, 저녁으로 결식빈도는 세 군별 유의한 차이가 없었으나 식사를 거르는 이유는 세 군별 유의한 차이를 보여(p<0.05)비알코올군과 알코올군은 시간이 부족해서 거른다는 비율이, 고알코올군은 습관적으로 식사를 거른다는 비율이 가장 높았다. 식사시간과 외식빈도는 세 군별 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 16가지 식품이나 식품군에 대한 섭취빈도에서 라면, 콩나물, 멸치, 커피나 세군간에 유의한 차이를 보여 (p<0.01, p<0.05, P<0.05, p<0.05) 고알코올군에서 하루에 한번 이상 섭취한다는 비율이 비알코올군이나 알코올군보다 높았다. 그밖에 쌀밥, 보리, 두부, 당근 등 12가지 식품이나 식품군의 섭취빈도는 세군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 영양소 섭취상태에서 열량 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보여 알코올 군과 고알코올군이 비알코올보다 낮았으며(p<0.05), 그밖에 단백질, 칼슘, 철, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_{1}$, 비타민 $B_{2}$, 나이아신 비타민 C 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 본 연구에서는 알코올을 과량 섭취하는 대학생들에거 나타난 식사 문제점들은 흡연비율, 습관적인 결식 비율, 라면의 섭취 비율이 높은 것이었다. 이들은 자취를 하거나 식사관리를 스스로 하는 비율이 높아 적절한 알코올 섭취교육과 함께 식사 관리지도가 동시에 이루어져야 할 것으로 보여진다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.1003-1024
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• 2016

초고령화 사회를 앞두고 최근 들어 노인 인권의 중요성에 대한 사회적, 학문적 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 노인학대 연구가 본격화된 지난 20년간 발표된 한국의 지역사회 거주 노인학대에 대한 문헌들을 체계적으로 고찰하고, 향후 이 주제에 대한 연구와 예방 정책 수립을 위한 기초 근거자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법은 한국의 지역사회 노인학대 연구가 본격적으로 논의되기 시작된 1994년부터 2016년 2월까지 노년학 관련 주요 데이터베이스를 이용하여 노인학대 문헌들을 검색하고, 체계적 문헌고찰 방법에 따라 검토하는 단계들을 거쳐 최종적으로 31편의 연구를 선정하였다. 선정된 연구들에 대해서 연구의 일반적인 특성과 노인학대의 유형, 노인학대 측정도구, 이론적 개념 틀에 근거하여 노인학대의 영향요인을 체계적으로 고찰하였다. 연구결과 총 31편의 선행연구는 모두 단면연구였으며, 도시의 지역사회 거주 노인들을 대상으로 비확률 표본추출을 시도한 연구가 대부분을 차지하였다. 넓은 의미의 정의에 포함되는 모든 노인학대 유형을 다루고 있는 연구는 발견되지 않았고, 노인학대 측정도구는 연구자의 임의에 따라 도구를 조합하고, 타당도가 검증되지 않은 도구를 사용하는 경우가 대부분이었다. 지역사회 노인학대의 영향요인의 경우 가해자와 피해자의 일반적 특성 증 연령, 성별, 교육수준, 배우자 유무들은 상당수의 연구에서 유의한 경향이 확인되지 않거나, 상반된 결과를 보인데 비해, 피해자 및 가해자의 신체기능 및 인지기능 장애 등과 관련된 신체적 특성과 정신질환, 스트레스, 알코올 중독 등의 정신적 특성과 관련한 요인은 노인학대의 위험성과 밀접한 관련성이 확인되었다. 또한, 돌봄 자와 돌봄 받는 노인의 부양기대감에 대한 차이를 줄이는 것, 돌봄 부담 감소를 위한 지원, 노인 친화적 지역사회 조성이 노인학대예방에 중요하다는 것을 확인하였다. 향후 한국의 지역사회 노인학대 연구는 사회문화적 맥락을 고려한 이론의 적용 및 이에 대한 엄밀한 실증연구가 필요하며, 이를 위해 한국의 맥락이 반영된 일반화된 노인학대 척도를 개발하고, 이를 활용하여 노인학대의 세부 유형별로 다차원적 영향요인을 탐색하는 것을 제언한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

세계경제 및 환경의 변화에 따라 농산물의 불안정적인 수급으로 인한 문제점이 노출되고 있으며, 우리나라의 경우 농산물의 안정적인 확보를 위하여 국가 전략적 차원에서의 해외농업투자의 필요성이 요구되고 있다. 하지만 정부차원의 지원 미진, 해외 농업에 대한 정보 및 기술 미비, 개발자금 확보의 어려움, 장기간의 투자금 회수기간, 사후관리 미흡 등의 이유로 성과를 이루지 못하고 있는 실정이며, 특히 해외 농산물의 국내 반입 시 관세의 장벽, 물류 유통비용 등으로 가격 경쟁력이 떨어지고 있어 국내에 반입되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 해외농업투자의 기본개념 및 실태를 살펴보고 해외농업투자의 필요성과 고려사항, 문제점 등을 도출하여 해외에서 재배된 농산물의 경쟁력을 위한 유통 측면에서의 개선방안을 정부의 간접적인 지원, 유통 현대화 및 유통정보기능 강화, 유통시설, 수송루트, 하역업무개선, 경쟁력 확보를 위한 정부의 정책적 지원, 교육 훈련을 통한 전문인력 양성 등 다섯 가지 측면에서 제시하였다.