• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.219-228
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was conducted to examine the relationships between Korean adult's daily hours of sleep, depression, and suicidal thoughts using data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey. Methods : This study utilized a depression screening tool, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), for the 6,355 participants of the health and mental health survey. T-tests, cross analysis, correlation analysis, and logistic regression analysis were used. Results : The results showed that sufficient hours of sleep decreased depression. The depression score for females (3.19) was significantly higher than for males (2.10; p<.001). The participants in the depression group slept less than 7 hours per day (p<.01). Conclusions : The study results showed a significant correlation between sleep duration and depression when health-related factors and social factors influencing sleep were controlled. The results also indicated that this correlation may vary based on gender. This study implies that further studies are necessary to identify the causal relationship between sleep duration and depression.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.352-357
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• 2014

In this study, 100 consumers (men, 50; women, 50; age group, 20-50 years) rated their overall preferences for 24 Korean raspberry wines by using a 9-point hedonic scale. The analysis of variance was constructed to evaluate the effect of gender, age, and samples on the preference scores of the wine products. Significant differences were observed in overall preferences for the 24 samples; however, no interactions based on preferences by age and gender groups were noted. Cluster analysis was performed to determine sample clustering based on the frequencies from the preference data. Three clusters were obtained; these three clusters were well separated based on the mean overall preference scores for the samples. Discriminant analysis based on the three clusters also confirmed the same grouping of samples with 100% accuracy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.857-866
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• 2022

The current study is a meta analysis study to identify the factors related to infection management performance and the effect size according to the factors. Data collection was included from the data of KMBASE, RISS, KISS, DBpia, National Library of Korea, Pubmed, and EMBASE. R3.5.1 was used for the data analysis. A total of 22 factors were identified. The meta analysis showed the effect size as follows: gender(.16), age(.30), education(.32), beds(.28), needs of education in infection management(.44), participating in education of infection management(.25), recognition/knowledge in infection management(.70). Based on the findings, evidence based programs need to be provided to improve the infection management performance of health workers at Long-Term Care Hospitals.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.303-310
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• 2012

In order to analyze factors that support effective health care delivery system, this study aimed to research general public's perception on the functions of medical institutions(based on the levels of treatment: primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care), choices of medical institution when contracted with an unfamiliar disease, and recognition of diseases based on their severities. We collected data using self-administered survey from 400 general public living in Seoul, S. Korea from April 25 to May 18, 2011. The analysis was conducted using frequency analysis, chi-square test, and t-test; we analyzed the data to see if there are differences based on gender, age, and level of education. The result of both recognition of functional differences of medical institutions and selection of medical institutions when contracted with unfamiliar diseases showed that there were no significant differences based on the gender; however there were significant differences when considering the age and education. Looking at the result of the knowledge of the disease classification based on its severity, there were significant differences in age, gender, and education. In order to provide sustainable and effective health care delivery system, utilization of primary care as well as education and promotion regarding the functional differences of medical institutions and classification of disease based on its severity need to be encouraged.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the college students' and married adults' perceptions of the current low fertility and their motivations of parenthood. It also verifies the gender differences in the numbers of planned children between male and female college students. The sample population included 100 unmarried undergraduate students and 100 married adults. The measurements included in the questionnaire were based on recommendations from the literature review. The major findings of this study are as follows: Women reported higher levels of traditional-normal and altruistic-emotional motivations of parenthood than men did. College students reported higher levels of motivations of parenthood to strengthen biological family ties than married adults did, while adults reported higher levels of martial bond-strengthening, traditional-normal, and gene-preservative motivations of parenthood than students did. College students attributed the current low fertility to the tight labor market and high costs of childbirth and rearing while married adults attributed to gender-discriminating traditional family norms, increasing infertility, and poor conditions of pregnancy and childbirth. Female and adult respondents took the social problems caused by the current low fertility more seriously than their counterparts did.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2012

In the knowledge-based society, utilization of women's resources has significant implications as the key to success of national competitiveness. The space and conditions for women to show their abilities in all areas should be provided. Policies on women's resources, which aim to achieve gender equality, should not be limited to the area of social welfare as usual, but should be treated in-depth with relation to political, economic, social, and cultural areas. Local women policies do not reflect the distinct characteristics of the local areas and realities of women, furthermore, even the concept of women policies is not delivered to local women. In this study, directions to shift local women policies from the marginalization to the mainstream of policy are discussed focusing on utilization of women's resources.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2004

This paper reports the results on age and gender of Korean elderly people for the level of difficulty in performing household tasks (meal preparation, grocery shopping, house cleaning, laundry), personal tasks (dressing, bathing, grooming), transfer tasks (getting in and out of chairs, getting in and out of bath-tub, using stairs) and management tasks (using telephone, accessing mail, operating door locks). A questionnaire based on the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale was constructed and administered to 40 Korean elderly subjects aged from 65 to 84(mean age: 74.5, SD: 5.8) in Busan. Additionally, a logistic regression was performed with age (continuous variable) and gender as predictor variables, and reponses to individual questions as the categorical ordinal response variables. To determine appropriate age separation at which difficulty levels in performing activities of daily living change, a discriminant analysis was performed on the responses. All predictor variables were used in the analysis. Accommodating age related changes in functional abilities, and increasing functional independence of elderly people will entail significant design modifications to products, systems and environments for daily use and living.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine if there were differences in public self-consciousness, body image, and socio-cultural influence between males and females. Six hundred twenty-six adults participated in this study. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test and reliability test were used. The result of this study is as follows. First, compared to males, females had higher scores on appearance orientation(AO), appearance evaluation(AE), and weight occupation(WP). Also females were more dissatisfied with their bodies such as lower body part or middle body part than males. That is, women had lower body image than men. Second, there was not significantly difference in self-esteem between males and females. Third, females had higher scores on public-consciousness than males did. Fourth, compared to males, females were more influenced by socio-cultural factors such as internalization and awareness. Finally, women had more higher scores on appearance behavior management than men. Based on these results, this study would provide more efficient strategies to reduce negative body image, especially in women.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.15-28
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of workplace harassment in foodservice industry culinary staff's on organizational silence, counterproductive work behavior and turnover intent. Based on total 234 samples obtained from empirical research, this study tested the reliability and fitness of the research model and verified a total of 5 hypotheses using the AMOS program. Using a structural equation model (SEM), hypothesized relationships in the model were tested simultaneously. The proposed model provided an adequate fit the data, $x^2=75.936$ (p<.001), df=41, CMIN/DF=1.852, GFI=.946, AGFI=.913, NFI=.914, TLI=.944, CFI=.958, RMSEA=.060. The model's fit, as indicated by these indexes, was deemed satisfactory, thus providing a good basis for testing the hypothesized paths. The SEM showed that the relational workplace harassment (${\beta}=.957$) had a positive significant influence on organizational silence, organizational silence (${\beta}=.934$) had a positive significant influence on counterproductive work behavior. Also, counterproductive work behavior (${\beta}=.815$) had a positive significant influence on turnover intention. The moderating effects on gender and job status did not show significant effect. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.71-89
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify risk behavior related to the school accident between male and female elementary school students. Methods: 838 School accident data provided by Seoul School Safety Council were analyzed by gender. Based on the results above, survey questionnaires on characteristics of school accident were developed. Self-reported data were collected from a sample population of 433 students in grade 5 to 6 students attending 4 elementary schools in Seoul. Results: The students who answered they experienced the accident in school for the past 1 year, accounts 60.5% of male and 39.5% of females students, which has statistically significant difference. The male's cases happened most around corridor/door, while female's cases happened most in the playground/gymnasium. As for the accident risk behavior, male students had the risk behavior by using the personal belongings/toys, while the female students had much risk behavior related to physical facility/playground. When classifying the characteristics of risk behaviors according to the accident causes, male students showed higher score in the accident risk behaviors related to play/fight than in those of the female students(p<0.05). Conclusions: Health care providers should develop school safety programs by characteristics of risk behavior between male and female elementary school students.