Browse > Article

Public Self-Consciousness, Body Image, & Socio-Cultural Influence on Gender Differences  

Lee, Seung-Hee (The Fashion School, Kent State University)
Lee, Si-Weon (Graduate, Sungshin Women's University)
Publication Information
Journal of Fashion Business / v.13, no.5, 2009 , pp. 45-54 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine if there were differences in public self-consciousness, body image, and socio-cultural influence between males and females. Six hundred twenty-six adults participated in this study. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test and reliability test were used. The result of this study is as follows. First, compared to males, females had higher scores on appearance orientation(AO), appearance evaluation(AE), and weight occupation(WP). Also females were more dissatisfied with their bodies such as lower body part or middle body part than males. That is, women had lower body image than men. Second, there was not significantly difference in self-esteem between males and females. Third, females had higher scores on public-consciousness than males did. Fourth, compared to males, females were more influenced by socio-cultural factors such as internalization and awareness. Finally, women had more higher scores on appearance behavior management than men. Based on these results, this study would provide more efficient strategies to reduce negative body image, especially in women.
Keywords
body image; public self-consciousness; gender; self-esteem; socio-cultural environment;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Miller, F. Davis, Rowold, L. (1982), "Public self-consciousness, social anxiety, and attitudes toward the use of clothing". Home Economic Research Journal, 10, pp.363-368   DOI
2 Secored, P., Jouard, S. (1953), "The appraisal body cathexis ; Body cathexis and self", Journal of Consulting Psychology, 17, pp. 343-347   DOI   ScienceOn
3 김완석.김해진 (2005), "여성의 신체이미지 지각이 신체관련 소비에 미치는 영향", 한국심리학회지:소비자광고, 6(3), p.28
4 Cash, T. F. (1990), "The multidimensional body-Self relations questionnaire. In appendix. Body Image Disturbance, Assesment and Treatment", Pergamon Press, pp. 125-130
5 Lewis, L. & Johnson, K. (1989), "Effect of dress, cosmetics, sex of subject, and casual inference on attribution of victim responsibility", Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 8(1), pp. 22-27   DOI
6 Heinberg, L., & Thompson, J.(1992), "Social comparison: Gender, target importance ratings related to body image disturbance", Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 7, pp. 335-344
7 Cash, T. F. (1990), "The multidimensional body-Self relations questionnaire. In appendix. Body Image Disturbance, Assesment and Treatment", Pergamon Press, pp. 125-130
8 박우미(1993), "우리나라 여성의 신체에 대한 의식구조: 광주지역을 중심으로", 대한가정학회지, 34(5), pp. 29-39
9 Richins, M.(1991), "Social comparison and the idealized images of advertising", Journal of Consumer Research, 18, pp.71-83   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Rosenberg, M. (1965), "Measurement of self-esteem. In M Rosenberg (Ed.), Society and the adolescent self image", pp. 297-307, New York: Princeton University Press
11 Barocas, R,, Karoly, P.(1972), "Effect of physical appearance on social responsiveness", Psychological Reports, 31, pp.495-500   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
12 이정순.한경희(2008), "여대생의 외모에 대한 사회문화적 태도가 신체이미지와 만족도에 미치는 영향", 패션비즈니스, 12(2), pp. 153-164
13 Rowold, K. L. (1995), "Dress and Human Behavior Research: Sampling Subjects and Consequences for Statistics", Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 13(4), pp. 262-272   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Cash, T. F. (1990), "The multidimensional body-Self relations questionnaire. In appendix. Body Image Disturbance, Assesment and Treatment", Pergamon Press, pp. 125-130
15 Lee, S. & Nam, Y. (1999), "A cross-cultural comparison of body image and clothing selection behavior among Korean and American women", International Textiles & Apparel Association Proceeding
16 Fenigstein, A., Scheier, M., Buss, A. (1995), "Public and private self- consciousness: Assessment and theory", Journal of Counseling & Clinical Psychology, 43, pp. 522-527   DOI
17 Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S. (1977), "Self-focused attention and the experience of emotion: Attraction, repulsion, elation, and depression", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, pp. 625-636   DOI   PUBMED
18 Lerner, R. (1987), "A life-span perspective for early adolescence", In Lerner & Foch(Eds). Biological-psychological interactions in early adolescence, Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum
19 Ketton, W. P., Sash, T. F., & Brown, T. A. (1990), "Body image or body image? comparative, multidimensional assesment among college students", Journal of Personality Assesment, 54(2), pp. 213-320   DOI
20 Sullivan, L., Harnish, R.(1990), "Body image: differences between high and low self-monitoring males and females", Journal of Research in Personality, 24, pp.291-302   DOI
21 Froming, W. J. & Carver, C.(1981), "Divergent influence of private and public self-consciousness in a compliance paradigm" Journal of the Research in Personality, 158, pp. 159-171   DOI
22 류은정(2008), "남대대학생의 신체이미지에 따른 외모관리행동과 동기", 대한가정학회지, 46(1), pp. 63-72
23 Franzoi, S., Stephanie, A.(1984), "The body esteem scale: multidimensional structure and sex difference in a college population", Journal of Personality Assessment, 48(2), pp. 173-178   DOI   PUBMED
24 Innes, J. M., Kitto, S. (1988), "Neuroticism. self-consciousness and coping strategies and occupational stress in high school teachers", Personality Individual Difference. 10. pp. 303-312   DOI   ScienceOn
25 서화숙.송정화(2006), "여대생의 신체적 특성에 따른 신체만족도 및 의복만조고, 외모관리행동에 관한 연구", 한국의류산업학회지, 6(3), pp. 332-341
26 Thompson, J., & Heinberg, L. (1999), "The media influence on body image disturbance and eating disorders", Journal of Social Issues, 55, pp. 339-353   DOI
27 Cash, T. F. (1990), "The multidimensional body-Self relations questionnaire. In appendix. Body Image Disturbance, Assesment and Treatment", Pergamon Press, pp. 125-130
28 Lennon, S., & Rudd, R. (1994). "Body satisfaction, self-esteem and appearance management behaviors in women", Family & Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 23, pp. 84-117   DOI
29 Markus, H., Wurf, E. (1987), The dynamic self-concept : A social psychological perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 38, pp.299-337   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Fenigstein, A., Scheier, M., Buss, A. (1995), "Public and private self- consciousness: Assessment and theory", Journal of Counseling & Clinical Psychology, 43, pp. 522-527   DOI
31 Cash, T. F. (1990), "The multidimensional body-Self relations questionnaire. In appendix. Body Image Disturbance, Assesment and Treatment", Pergamon Press, pp. 125-130
32 이윤정(2007), "남성들의 외모관리행동의 동기에 관한 연구-성역할 정체감과 의복추구혜택을 중심으로", 한국의류학회지, 31(4), pp. 551-562
33 홍금희(2008), "남자 대학생의 대중매체노출도가 외모에 대한 사회문화적 태도와 외모지향성에 미치는 영향", 한국의류학회지, 32(7), pp. 1149-1159   DOI
34 Fenigstein, A., Scheier, M., Buss, A. (1995), "Public and private self- consciousness: Assessment and theory", Journal of Counseling & Clinical Psychology, 43, pp. 522-527   DOI
35 Cash, T., Thompson, J. (1992), "Body image: Development, deviance, and change", New York :The Guilford Press
36 Lee, M., Burns, L. D. (1993), "Self-consciousness and clothing purchase criteria of Korea and United State college women", Clothing and Textile Research Journal, 11(4), pp. 32-40   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Rogers, C. R. (1965), Some Observations on the Organization of Personality. American Psychologist, 2, pp. 358-368   DOI
38 남윤자.이승희(2000), "한.미 여대생의 실제체형과 인지체형의 만족도에 관한 비교", 한국의류학회지, 24(4), pp. 764-772