• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.4173-4176
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• 2015

The aim of this cross-sectional analytic study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection in an urban area of Northeastern Thailand. The participants were 254 household representatives aged 15 years or older living in the most urbanised part of Chiang Yuen municipality in Mahasarakham Province. All participants provided stool samples which were examined using the modified Kato-Katz procedure, and a structured interview questionnaire was used to collection demographic information, knowledge about OV infection, and the consumption of unsafely prepared freshwater fish. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of OV infection was 15.0%, and in the multivariate analysis male gender was found to be significantly and positively associated with OV infection ($OR_{adj}=9.75$, 95%CI: 34.03-23.58) while education to secondary school level or above was a significant protective factor ($OR_{adj}=0.30$, 95%CI: 0.12-0.74). The eating of unsafely prepared fish and knowledge about OV were not significantly related to infection status. The findings were discussed in terms of issues for future research, especially the need to consider the possibility of higher rates of OV infection in urban areas than might be expected and to investigate the sources of infected fish products which may well be different from those in rural villages.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.419-436
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• 2007

It is significant that students understand why they have to learn mathematics, because such understanding has a powerful impact not only on affective but also on cognitive aspects in mathematics education. However, studies on in what ways students perceive the purpose of mathematics education are not sufficient. Given this background, this study examined 6th grade students' conception on the intention of learning mathematics by survey and Interview in order to raise subtle but important issues to improve mathematics education. Elementary students showed that they didn't perceive the multiple purposes of mathematics education. Their conceptions were focused on practicality, academic values and the preparation for the future of mathematics. Lower achievers had a tendency to relatively more negative responses to the purposes of mathematics education. This study underlines the importance of the purpose of studying mathematics on the part of students.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.271-286
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• 2011

The role of information in knowledge society has changed. Library refers to information centre, which is actively involved information collection and promoting use of for the development of individual and society. Modern libraries are the centres of interaction for all interested in accessing information and in participating in the marathon of the present competitive age. Information and a conducive environment of its free flow is a vital tool in all forms of human endeavour. It is the link pin of national development. For a nation to develop it needs to have and provide relevant, updated and adequate information on food security, health, democracy, population, education, family planning, youth empowerment, gender quality, environment etc. The information intermediaries are the persons to modulate these complexities and find match between the information sources and users needs to satisfaction of Ranganathan's law: Books are for use; Every reader his/her book; Every book its reader; Save the time of the reader; Library is a growing organism. The relative importance of these norms in modern context has been evident from experience, study, observations, discussions, etc., and only by scientists and technologists, but also by managers, planners, and policy makers. They recognize the usefulness of information in the performance of their needs information needs. Libraries are therefore proper management, provision and dissemination of such information. It is clearly visible in the contemporary context, that the libraries in the knowledge society are much more than the book depositories This article looks at the theory/practice divide in library and information science and particularly Ranganathan's contributions, basic statements remain as valid in substance if not in expression as -to-day as when they were promulgated, concisely representing the ideal service and organizational philosophy of libraries today.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2010

To examine the attitude of students toward animals and its relation to veterinary ethical decision making, 302 pre-veterinary and veterinary students of three national universities (Seoul, Chungbuk and Kyungsang National University) were requested to answer the Animal Attitude Scale Test, an indicator of one's pro-animal attitude. A significant gender difference in the AAS scores was found with higher scores in females (female vs. male, 65.27 vs. 57.40; p < 0.0001). The students who have companion animals had higher AAS scores (62.55) than those who donot (58.03, p < 0.0001). However, years of study and experience with animal protection activities did not affect the AAS scores. The correlation between the attitude toward animals and ethical decision making was found in the investigation with two cases of a veterinary ethical dilemma: the medical treatment of a cow in its last gestation stage with ocular squamous cell carcinoma and the euthanizing of a 12 year-old dog with urinary incontinence. The students tend to support for veterinarians to influence clients' decisions in treatment by using their power as medical professionals, even if doing so could partly damage the interests of the clients or patients. The significant correlations between the AAS scores and veterinary ethical decision making were found in this study, which implies that the attitude toward animals should be considered as one of the major factors in making ethical decisions in veterinary practice.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.535-543
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• 2018

The purpose of this research is to analyze the current status of elementary pre-service teachers' concern on SW education using the Concern-Based Adoption Model, and to investigate issues to be considered in pre-service teacher education. The participants were 137 senior students enrolled in a university of education. A survey was conducted using the Stages of Concerns Questionnaire(SoCQ). Elementary pre-service teachers' concern on SW education was turned out to be the highest at the awareness stage, and the lowest at the consequence stage, and thus showed the 'nonuser' pattern. It also showed a 'positive nonuser' pattern by indicating a little more concern at the collaboration and refocusing stages than the consequence stage concerning the impact of SW education. In addition, no significant difference was found according to pre-service teachers' gender. In comparison with that, significant differences were found according to their programming level at the awareness, personal, consequence and collaboration stages. Based on the results of the research, suggestions were made for the improvement of the pre-service teachers' SW education program concerning the presentation of related information and the enhancement of programming capabilities.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.375-384
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• 2014

The number of students choosing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) related careers are declining. Thus it became a worldwide challenge in the $21^{st}$ century. As public images of the engineers are unfavorable and inaccurate, misconceptions and stereotypes about engineers are prevailing. The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school students' perceived mental and pictorial images of engineers and the nature of engineering work. This study involved 512 fifth and sixth grade students (Boys: 287 and Girls: 225) from four elementary schools at one of metropolitans in South Korea. The Draw An Engineer-Korean version (DAE-K) was developed based on Draw an Engineer (DAE) and Draw a Scientist (DAS), and Song and Kim (1999)'s instruments. A pilot-tested was conducted with 33 elementary students prior to the main study. The students were asked to answer how they think the engineers would be, to draw an engineer at work, and to write the engineer's personal information and the job description. Engineers were perceived as a person fixing, building, manufacturing, working outdoors in labors' clothes such as a robe. Engineers were shown with building tools, robots, airplanes, machines, conveyor belt, etc. Moreover, compared to the scientists, engineers were perceived as less intelligent, less imaginative, and less accurate. The results of this study revealed that elementary school students had a lack of accurate images of engineers. Students' current perceived images of engineers could help educators find the baselines for the future engineering education in elementary schools. In addition, the findings of this study could also contribute to the development of engineering education in terms of gender issues, STEM career choice, and even cultural diversity.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.376-383
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• 2012

A number of scientific researches are currently being conducted on the potential health hazards of power frequency electric and magnetic field (EMF). There exists a non-objective and psychological belief that they are harmful, although no scientific and objective proof of such exists. This possible health risk from ELF magnetic field (MF) exposure, especially for children under 17 years of age, is currently one of Korea's most highly contested social issues. Therefore, to assess the magnetic field exposure levels of those children in their general living environments, the personal MF exposure levels of 436 subjects were measured for about 6 years using government funding. Using the measured database, estimation formulas were developed to predict personal MF exposure levels. These formulas can serve as valuable tools in estimating 24-hour personal MF exposure levels without directly measuring the exposure. Three types of estimation formulas were developed by applying evolutionary computation methods such as genetic algorithm (GA) and genetic programming (GP). After tuning the database, the final three formulas with the smallest estimation error were selected, where the target estimation error was approximately 0.03 ${\mu}T$. The seven parameters of each of these three formulas are gender (G), age (A), house type (H), house size (HS), distance between the subject's residence and a power line (RD), power line voltage class (KV), and the usage conditions of electric appliances (RULE).

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.85-100
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• 2020

Eating alone has recently become a very common dietary pattern in modern society. This study investigated the relationship between the frequency of eating alone and health related issues including chronic diseases, depression, and the quality of life (QOL). The 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey provided the basic data for this study. According to the general analysis of 4,910 adults aged over 19 years or older, the average age in the 'eating alone' group was significantly higher (P<0.001), and the ratio of single-person households was significantly higher as the number of times of eating alone increased (P<0.001). Analysis of the relationship between the risk factors of metabolic syndrome according to the number of times eating alone, using logistic regression analysis, showed that the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome in the 'two times eating alone a day' group was approximately 1.3 times higher (OR=1.275) after being corrected for gender, age and energy intake. For the 'three times eating alone a day' group, the metabolic syndrome odds ratio was higher in all models except for model 1 and 5 (P for trend<0.05). The prevalence of depression using patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was higher as the number of eating alone increased, and the QOL was inversly related with the number of meals eating alone (P for trend<0.01). We hope the results of this study will raise awareness of the health of those people who eat alone and lay the groundwork for individuals who eat alone and gain social attention.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.611-620
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyze the elementary school teachers＇perception toward the environment-related subjects in science education and to investigate their instructional methods in delivering the subjects in the classroom. The participants of this study were 300 elementary school teachers sampled from elementary schools in Kyung Nam Province. The findings of this study were as follows; First, more than half of the teachers surveyed showed that the environment-related units and contents in the science textbook were insufficient to the existing issues. Second, the large portion of teachers responded that the teaching materials in the textbook were insufficient to deliver the contents. Third, the largest portion of respondents replied that their preferred instructional method was a teacher-directed instruction followed by a case study approach. Fourth, in terms of the effectiveness of environmental education, both male and female teachers showed negative responses. Furthermore, male teachers were more negative than female teachers. Fifth, total means of their preference of the environment-related units was 3.13. The unit for sixth graders titled｀Environmental Pollution and Protecting Nature＇showed the highest preference, whereas the unit for fifth graders titled｀Structure and Functions of Plants＇showed the lowest preference. Sixth, there was no statistically significance in gender and their working areas. Seventh, there was statistically significant differences between male and female teachers in terms of teaching experience. In detail, the teachers with 5 to 9 teaching experience showed the lowest scores, while the teacher with more than 15 years teaching experience showed the highest scores in their perception of the units. Eighth, there was a significant difference between two groups in terms of their educational background. For example, two-year college graduates showed higher preference than four-year college graduates.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to classify the environmental awareness attitudes of university students and analyze their differences in social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. Questionnaires were administered to 236 college students living in Daegu City and Kyoungbuk province. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test, and t-test were used for data analysis. The findings were as follows. The environmental awareness attitudes had factors as recognizing the importance of environmental issues, purchase of eco-friendly products, public opinion legislation awareness, interests on eco-friendly product, and eco-friendly practice. Social support pursuit were found as marginal people support pursuit, emotional support pursuit, informational support pursuit, and problem-solving support pursuit. Apparel consumption behavior were found as planned purchase, social participation attitude, clothes recycling, life practice, low-price orientation, emphasis on designs, clothing-life practice, and consciousness over others. The environmental awareness attitudes of university students were classified into four groups of Consumers of Environment-Awareness, Consumers of Environment-interests, Consumers of Environment-practice, and Consumers of Low Environment-awareness. The groups showed significant difference in social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. Gender of university students showed significant differences the environmental awareness attitudes, social support pursuit, and apparel consumption behavior. It is meaningful to find out the significant relationship in a social context between environment recognition and social support pursuit related by friends. This study also offered a basic information related to social support pursuit by the types of university students' environmental awareness attitude and consumption on clothing, which is necessary for environmental education and green consuming behavior.