• ALGAE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 2008

The seasonal variation of marine algal biomass and community were studied with nondestructive sampling and quadrat method during May 2006 to April 2008 in the intertidal and subtidal zone at Yokjido. As result, total 120 species, 13 Chlorophyta, 34 Phaeophyta, 71 Rhodophyta and 2 Spermatophyta were identified in this study. The major species which contributed significantly to the total biomass were Ulva pertusa, Undaria pinnatifida, Ecklonia stolonifera, Sargassum horneri, S. serratifolium, Gelidium amansii and Prionitis cornea. The mean biomass was 235.5 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in intertidal, 1,038.9 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 1 m, 1,013.1 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 5 m, and 19.7 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ in 10 m depths of mean sea level. Seasonal biomass change in intertidal zone, the peak season was in spring, while the lowest was in autumn. The vertical distribution of marine vegetation was characterized by Ulva pertusa - Gelidium divaricatum - Gloiopeltis furcata - Sargassum thunbergii - Hizikia fusiformis at intertidal zone, and Caulerpa okamurae - Gelidium amansii - Chondrus ocellatus - Ecklonia stolonifera - Sargassum horneri - Gracilaria textorii at subtidal zone. These result indicates that the marine algal species and biomass of 1 m and 5 m depths in subtidal zone are greater than intertidal zone, and Ecklonia stolonifera and Sargassum spp. are the dominant species of Yokjido.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.371-380
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• 2008

This study elucidated the floral composition of marine algae and community structure at Hallyeo-haesang National Park, on the southern coast of Korea. In all, 89 species, comprising 10 green, 30 brown and 49 red algae, were identified. The dominant species in terms of importance value were Ulva pertusa, Colpomenia sinuosa, Undaria pinnatifida, Padina arborescens, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum sagamianum and Amphiroa dilatata. The vertical distribution of marine vegetation was characterized by Enteromorpha linza - Ulva pertusa - Gelidium divaricatum in the upper intertidal zone, Hizikia fusiformis - Sargassum thunbergii in the middle intertidal zone, and Amphiroa spp. - Hildenbrandtia rubra - Corallina pilulifera in the lower intertidal zone. Functional form group analysis showed that coarsely branched forms comprised 50.3% of the algal community, whereas thick leathery forms, sheet forms and filamentous forms comprised 11.9-13.1%. R/P, C/P and (R+C)/P values were 1.91, 0.74 and 2.64, respectively. A cluster analysis of species occurrence suggested that the number of marine algal species differed greatly among the sampling sites.

• ALGAE
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 2003

Species composition, community structure and biodiversity of marine benthic community were studied in the rocky shore of Dongbaekseom, Busan. A total of 82 species of marine algae including 4 Cyanophyta, 11 Chlorophyta, 20 Phaeophyta and 47 Rhodophyta are listed. The dominant algal species were Ulva pertusa, Chondria crassicaulis, Corallina spp. and Melobesioidean algae. Sargassum thunbergii, Chondracanthus intermedia, Gelidium divaricatum and Ralfsia verrucosa were subdominant in cases of different seasons and vertical layers. Chthamalus challengeri, Littorina brevicula and Mytilus edulis were dominant zoobenthic species upper-middle layer of the intertidal zone. The community structure of this area seemed to be controlled by spatial competition with benthic marine algae. The species diversity indices estimated from different sources were quite different. Indices from coverage were 1.87, 3.98 from frequency, 2.26 from the average of total frequency and coverage and 2.15 from importance value. The similarity indices on the present study showed decreasing trends comparing to the previous benthic algal composition researches.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2002

The marine algal flora and community of uninhabitated islands in Haenamgun, southern coast of Korea, were investigated during 12$\~$29, June, 1999. As the results, a total of 87 species including 10 greens, IS browns and 62 reds was identified. The dominant species were Ulva pertusa and Sargassum thunbergii and the subdominants were Myelophycus simplex, Ishige okamurae, Hizikia fusifomis, Gloiopeltis furcata and Chondracanthus intermedius. The vertical distribution pattern of intertidal marine algae represented three distinct zones; Gloiopeltis furcata, Caulacanthus okamurae, Myelophycus simplex-Gloiopeltis complanata, G. tenax, Gelidium divaricatum, Ulva pertusa, Sargassum thunbergii-Hizikia fusiformis, Pelvetia babingtonii, Chondrus ocellatus, Undaria pinnatifida, Ecklonia lava from upper to lower zones.

• ALGAE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.209-219
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• 2007

Marine algal flora and community structure of medicinal seaweeds were examined at Kkotji of Taean Peninsula, Korea from May 2005 to January 2006. Seventy-nine seaweeds including 42 medicinal algae and one marine plant were identified. Sargassum thunbergii was the representative alga occurred at all seasons and shore levels. The dominant medicinal seaweeds were perennial S. thunbergii, Neorhodomela aculeata, and Corallina pilulifera, and ephemeral Monostroma grevillei, Porphyra yezoensis, and Ulva pertusa. Their vertical distribution were N. aculeata – P. yezoensis, M. grevillei, and U. pertusa – C. pilulifera from high to low intertidal zone. The average biomass of medicinal seaweeds varied from 34.17 g m–2 in spring to 56.41 g m–2 in summer. At Kkotji shore, the opportunistic species (Enteromorpha, Ulva, and Cladophora) and turf-forming algae (Caulacanthus okamurae and Gelidium divaricatum) were easily observed. Such fast growing ESG II (ecological state group) was 87.50% and slow growing perennial algae, ESG I was only 12.15%. Also, diversity index (H’) and dominance index (DI) indicate that the seaweed community of Kkotji is unstable. Therefore, Kkotji rocky shore should be more protected from human activities such as turbulence and eutrophication in order to maintain species diversity and abundance of medicinal seaweeds.

• ALGAE
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2007

The seasonal change of algal flora and intertidal community structures of Bagryoungdo Island was investigated at Dumujin from February to November 2006. The description of subtidal algal community was made in October by Scientific SCUBA-diving. The total of 43 species, including 6 Chlorophytes, 6 Phaeophytes, 29 Rhodophytes and 2 sea grasses were identified in this survey. The occurrence of species according to season, listed as follows, 26 species in winter, 34 in spring, 18 in summer and 18 in autumn. Three species, Laminaria japonica, Neorhodomela aculeata and Ulva pertusa were dominant. The algal zonation of intertidal zone was figured out by Porphyra spp., Gloiopeltis furcata, Caulacanthus okamurae, Gelidium divaricatum - Neorhodomela aculeata, Enteromorpha compressa - Ulva pertusa, Dumontia simplex, Laminaria japonica from upper to lower zone. The zonation of subtidal zone was figured out by Ulva pertusa - Laminaria japonica - Zostera marina (sea grass), crustacean red algal population in autumn. The average of biomass of macroalgae was measured as 119.4 g∙dry wt/m2.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2009

Marine algal flora and community structure were examined seasonally at four study sites around Taean Power Plant, Korea from Jan. to Nov. 2006. A total of 73 algae species (12 green, 9 brown, 52 red) and 1 marine plant were identified. The number of species was maximal at the power plant Discharge (57 species) site followed by Hakampo (46 species), Intake (28 species) and Breakwater (15 species) sites during the study period. The average biomass in dry weight varied from 13.12g/m2 at Intake to 69.60g/m2 at Hakampo. Dominant and sub dominant species in terms of biomass were Gelidium divaricatum - Ulva pertusa at Intake, Chondria crassicaulis - Ulva pertusa at Discharge, Corallin a pilulifera - Chondrus ocellatus at Breakwater, and Corallina pilulifera - Sargassum thunbergii at Hakampo. Species richness of warm tolerant and green algae were greater at Discharge site than Hakampo, showing similar species richness. However, community indices were not distinguishable between Discharge and other study sites. In conclusion, species richness and biomass of seaweeds were greater at Discharge site compared to intake and breakwater sites, and the abundance of warm tolerant and green algal species were higher than Hakampo.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.519-528
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• 2003

Species composition and community structure of marine benthic community were studied in the intertidal zone of Jijindo Island, Gwangyang Bay. A total of 85 species of benthic marine plants including the 5 Cyanophyta, 9 Chlorophyta, 13 Phaeophyta, 56 Rhodophyta and 2 Magnoliophyta that were listed. The community structure was represented by Gelidium divaricatum in the upper zone, Celidium divalicatum and Ulva pertusa in the middle, and Ulva pertusa, Chondria crassicaulis, Chondracanthus intermedia and Sargassum thunbergii in the lower intertidal zone. The dominant species in the rnscro-zoobenthic community were Chthamalux challengeri in the upper and middle, Littorina brevicula between the upper and middle, and Mytilus edulis and Crassostrea gigas in the middle and lower intertidal zones. The economic benthic organisms such as Undaria pinnatifida, Mytilus edulis, and Crassostrea gigas found in the lower intertidal zone were frequently disturbed due to their collection by local resident. Therefore, it is necessary to record the correct information pertaining to these cases. The species diversity indices estimated kom different sources were quite different. They were 2.22 derived from frequency, 1.67 based on coverage, 2.17 based on sum of frequency and coverage and 2.04 derived from importance value. Species diversity and number of algal species in Gwangyang Bay have noticeably decreased, compared with their previously reported status. It is estimated that their decreases were caused by changes in the marine environment, especially pertaining to the polychaete community resulting from reclamation and dredging activity undertaken for the industrial development.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 1993

Structure of intertidal algal communities of the islands on the South Sea of Korea was studied in summer of 1987 and 1988. The area includes Manjedo, Ch'ujado, Kwantaldo, Munsom, Yosodo, Komumdo, Soridi, Yokchido, Pijindo and Hongdo. Three biologically distinct zones, were commonly recognized in the intertidal bulk of the all examined islands. In the high intertidal zone, only a few species showing thin, tubular and sheet like forms were observed, and the most abundant species was Gloiopeltis spp.. Corallina pilulifera, Hizikia fusiformis and Chondria crassicaulis were most abundant species of the mid intertidal zone, which was formed near the mean sea level. The structure of the low intertidal zone was much more complex than the high and mid, the most abundant species were Laurencia spp. and Sargassum sagamianum. All of the coarsely branched and articulated calcareous species were distributed below mean sea level.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.210-219
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• 2007

The benthic marine algal flora and community structure were examined at five sites of the Taean Peninsula, Korea, during July-August 2005. Ninety-six algal species were Identified, including 14 green, 21 brown, and 60 red algae, and 1 marine plant. The common species that occurred at the five sites were Sargassum thunbergii, Gelidium divaricatum, Caulacanthus okamurae, Gracilavia vermiculophylla, and Neorhodomela aculeata. Sthunbergii was the dominant species in terms of coverage and biomass at ail of the study sites. The average biomass varied from $23.72g/m^2$ in dry weight at Chaeseokpo to $66.43g/m^2$ at Padori. The species could be divided into six functional groups in terms of morphological characteristics: 41 coarsely branched forms, 25 filamentous forms, 16 sheet forms, 7 thick leathery forms, including the marine plant Phyllospadix iwatensis, 4 crustose forms, and 3 Jointed calcareous forms. The seaweed communities at the five study sites were unstable and the environmental conditions were bad or very bad. Among the five study sites, the ecological evaluation index (EEI) and diversity index (H') were maximal at Padori at 2.29 and 1.98, respectively. By contrast, the dominance index (DI) was minimal at Padori (0.55) and maximal at Baramarae (0.96). Therefore, we conclude that the rocky shore at Padori has the best environment among the five study sites, although the species richness and biomass of seaweeds have declined continuously over the last 10 years.