• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.60-72
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• 1994

Background: The number of outpatients visiting large university teaching hospitals has increased drastically with the introduction of a nationwide health care insurance in 1989 and the improvement of the socio-economic status of the population. This resulted in long waiting times for services, particularly prescribed drugs, which have been patients' chief complaints. Hospitals have tried to solve the problem with limited success because their approach lacked comprehensive research. The objective of this study is to investigate associations between waiting times and variables defining a total work system. Methods: Data for the outpatient pharmacy department in a tertiary care university teaching hospital located in Seoul was analyzed to achieve the study objective. Associations of pharmacy system variables -- work load, work force, pharmacist work schedule, machine problems, and inventory control -- with mean and 99th percentile of waiting times were examined by the hierarchical stepwise regression method. Day was a unit of the analyses. Results: The regression models explained 65.8% of variance in the mean waiting time and 61.34% in the 99th percentile of waiting times. The break-down of the printer for drug envelops, Automatic Tablet Counters (ATCs), and main computer system lasted longer than 30 minutes increased the mean for 7.7 minutes, 4.5 minutes, and 7.0 minutes, respectively, and the 99th percentile for 14.8 minutes, 9.0 minutes, and 15.7 minutes, respectively. Concerning the work force, study results showed that there were significant differences in the productivity of pharmacists with work experience more than three years, one to three years, and less than one year, and showed that peak time aid work by pharmacists at job assignments other than the outpatient pharmacy, part-time pharmacists, and the installation of ATCs were effective in reducing waiting times, Finally, study findings indicated that the operational policy of work assignment and rotation schedule, supply and inventory of drugs at work tables, and readiness for undisrupted work during the work hours could have a significant effect on waiting times. Conclusion: The study results indicated that efforts to reduce waiting times for prescribed drugs should be geared toward every components of the pharmacy work system ranging from work schedule of pharmacists and supply of dugs at work tables. These findings should provide hospital managers with right directions in battling the problem.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.251-257
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• 2008

These days Taekkeon of Shin Han-Seong is newly rased as traditional martial which made up in the academic world. The reason why is that create new shaped Traditional Taekkeon which stipulate good points of systematize Martial Arts to register Song Duck-Ki Taekkyeon eleven figures's a piece of skills to cultural assets. This research show how Shin Han-Seong make up Taekkyeon to register to intangible cultural assets, and found next conclusion and meaning. First, skill organization of Song Duk-Ki Taekkeon that is only one modern Taekkeon's initiator have been transmitted for a piece of skills of playing figure which don't have regular system. But Taekkyeon which have regular system have been developed by Shin Han-Seong, finally Taekkyeon is approved to intangible cultural assets. Second, Shin Han-Seong modernized Taekkyeon by borrowing training system of Judo, Fencing, Hapgido, Taekwondo, Karate. But people criticize that Song Duk-Ki Taekkeon is not initiate with original thing. Third, Shin Han-Seong made the grade classification and practical technique screening, Bon-Dae Buigi Twelve part like Pomse of Taekwondo (there is no for traditional Taekkyeon). And he contributed to popularization and modernized learning system by pursuiting sportization. Through this research geared up Taekkyeon's original shape and generational outline about skill transition or composition. And it gave important data for understand about Taekkyeon controversy which scattered.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.53-67
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• 2020

This study employees a supervised learning prediction model to detect nonconformity in advance of processed food manufacturing and processing businesses. The study was conducted according to the standard procedure of machine learning, such as definition of objective function, data preprocessing and feature engineering and model selection and evaluation. The dependent variable was set as the number of supervised inspection detections over the past five years from 2014 to 2018, and the objective function was to maximize the probability of detecting the nonconforming companies. The data was preprocessed by reflecting not only basic attributes such as revenues, operating duration, number of employees, but also the inspections track records and extraneous climate data. After applying the feature variable extraction method, the machine learning algorithm was applied to the data by deriving the company's risk, item risk, environmental risk, and past violation history as feature variables that affect the determination of nonconformity. The f1-score of the decision tree, one of ensemble models, was much higher than those of other models. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the official food control for food safety management will be enhanced and geared into the data-evidence based management as well as scientific administrative system.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.425-436
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the trends of research on MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) and nursing students, and to suggest directions for nursing education geared to the needs of the future. The literature was searched using the National Assembly Library, Korean Studies Information Service System, DBPIA, Korean Medical database and National Discovery for Science Library to identify studies including MBTI personalty among nursing students. This study selected a total of 22 precedent studies regarding the investigation of MBTI personalty and nursing students. All studies were quantitative study and 63.6% of them were nonexperimental cross-sectional study. The most frequently selected category of variables was cognitive-perceptual related variables includes self-efficacy, self-eseem, academic self efficacy and etc. The most frequent MBTI personality type of nursing students was ISTJ (12.3%) and ESTJ (11.5%) was the second. Based on the findings of this study, longitudinal reasearch is recommanded on MBTI personality type and nursing specialty choice. Implications for teaching and learning strategies, and for using the results of MBTI in nursing students' career guidence are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.472-479
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• 2000

A persimmon harvesting vehicle that can be operated in hilly orchards as well as a manipulator that can be used to harvest persimmons located in remote positions in the trees were designed and developed. The vehicle could be operated with keeping balanced position in an inclined field and its working platform could be moved up and down easy to approach fruits in a remote region with the aids of a hydraulic and a electrical and electronics systems. The weight of the vehicle was 927 kg and the center of gravity was located at 427 mm to the inner side from the center of a right driving caterpillar, 607 mm to a rear axle from the center of a front axle, and 562 mm to upward from ground. The automatic level control sensor for leveling the working platform was activated within 14.5 ∼ 16.5 degrees of slope variation. The total length of the manipulator was 1.39 m and weight is 975 g. It was powered by a 12 V geared motor to detach persimmon fruits with a rotational force. The gripper was made of plastic and rubber to increase a frictional force. In a performance evaluation test, static tipping angle, dynamic tipping angle toward front side when the vehicle was moving downward, climbing angle, driving speed of the vehicle were measured or calculated. In persimmon harvesting tests 24.9% of yield was increased by hand picking with the aid of the vehicle and additional 7% of yield were increased when the manipulator was used. Therefore, 99010 of total possible yield was achievable when both of the vehicle and the manipulator were used for the manual persimmon harvesting. Increase in 22.5% of total yield was achieved with the manipulator only.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.583-613
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• 2010

Mathematics anxiety is likely to be a drag on mathematics learning if that is left alone, and it is important to grasp the cause of mathematics anxiety and devise how to get rid of it. The purpose of this study was to examine the cause of mathematics anxiety among elementary school children, to develop a math-friendly activity program geared toward easing mathematics anxiety and to check the effect of the developed program on the alleviation of mathematics anxiety. The subjects in this study were 32 students in a fourth-grade class in I elementary school located in Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul. A math-friendly activity program was designed to alleviate the mathematics anxiety of the five subfactors-test anxiety, time constraints, comprehension, learning motivation and parent attitude-on which the students scored higher than their pretest collective averages. The mathematics anxiety pretest data, the objectives and content system of the current 7th national mathematics curriculum and the mathematics textbooks for 4-A and 4-B were analyzed to develop the math-friendly activity program that consisted of psychological remedy (positive thinking training) and non-psychological remedy (mathematics activities). After the program was implemented, we analyze the pretest and posttest mathematics anxiety data to determine the effect of the program. As a result, the collective averages of every student on math anxiety and its subfactors were lower in the posttest than in the pretest.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.125-149
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyse the mediating effects of spirituality on the relationship between functional capacity and depression among the elderly. The conceptual framework was based on the integrated theory by Brief et al.(1993) to life satisfaction. The sample was collected through convenience sampling of 413 elderly persons who were 65 years of age or older drawn from senior welfare centers, community senior centers, and religious institutions in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi Province. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM). The main findings of the present study are as following: First, spirituality had the mediated effects on which depression and IADL influenced life satisfaction. Particularly, existential spirituality on life satisfaction had larger effect size than religious spirituality. Second, the results showed that religious spirituality had positive effects on existential spirituality. These findings demonstrate that the development and implementation of programs geared for fostering religious spirituality and existential spirituality of senior citizens are needed to improve life satisfaction in the field of social welfare. To this end, the foundation of spiritual practice in the field of social work with older people should be constructed through a spirituality-related system and professional training.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of internal marketing activities on motivating dental hygienists in dental hospital in an effort to be of use for setting strategies geared toward boosting the productivity of dental hygienists. The findings of the study were as follows: Concerning internal marketing activities by general characteristics, the dental hygienists who received 4-year college or higher education received more education than the college graduates ($p{\leq}0.001$). As for the leave system, the dental hygienists who worked in general hospitals (p=0.011) and sited in Chungcheongnam-do ($p{\leq}0.001$) replied more leaves were provided. In terms of welfare benefits, there were significant differences in those regards according to the type of hospital (p=0.029) and service area ($p{\leq}0.001$). As to the reward system, their responses about this system were similar to their responses about education & training, leaves and welfare benefits. The motivating factors consisted of 6 motivation factors and 10 hygiene factors. The motivation factors included an opportunities to develop ability and appropriate training to their work. The hygiene factors involved implement of policies and procedures, work environments, relationship with colleagues. Regarding awareness of the motivation factors by general characteristics, there were differences in that aspect according to age (p=0.043), and their awareness of the hygiene factors was different according to service area (p=0.038). As a result of analyzing which factors affected motivating, the leave system (p=0.038) and communication (p=0.001) that belonged to the internal marketing activities were identified as the influential motivation factors. In terms of the hygiene factors, age and service area were influential among the general characteristics (p=0.047, p=0.045). Above findings of the study suggest that it will be possible for dental institutions to ensure successful management by conducting internal marketing activities tailored to the characteristics of their organizational members and by motivating dental hygienists especially through communication.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2011

The exhibition industry, as technology-intensive, eco-friendly industry, contributes to regional and national development and enhancement of its image as well, if it joins cultural and tourist industry. Therefore, We need to revitalize the exhibition industry, as actively holding an exhibition event. However, to attract a number of exhibition audience, the work of enhancing audience satisfaction and awareness of value for participation should be prioritized after improving quality of service within exhibition hall. As one way to enhance the quality of service, it is thought that the way providing personalized service geared toward each audience is needed. that is, if audience avoids the complexity in exhibition space and it affords them service to enable effective time and space management, it will improve the satisfaction. All such personalized service affordable lets the audience's preference on the basis of each audience profile registered in advance online grasp. and Based on this information, it is provided with exhibition-related information suited their purpose that is the booth for the interesting audience, the shortest path to go to the booth and event via audience's smart phone. and it collects audience's reaction information, such as visiting the booth, participating the event through offered the information in this way and location information for the flow of movement, the present position so that it makes revision of existing each audience profile. After correcting the information, it extracts the individual's preference. hereunder, it provides recommend booth and event information. in other words, it provides optimal information for individual by amendment based on reaction information about recommending information built on basic profile. It provides personalized service dynamic and interactive with audience. This paper will be able to provide the most suitable information for each audience through circular and interactive structure and designed smart-phone application supportable for updating dynamic and interactive personalized service that is able to afford surrounding information in real time, as locating movement position through sensing. The proposed application collects user‘s context information and carrys information gathering function collecting the reaction about searched or provided information via sensing. and it also carrys information gathering function providing needed data for user in exhibition hall. In other words, it offers information about recommend booth of position foundation for user, location-based services of recommend booth and involves service providing detailed information for inside exhibition by using service of augmented reality, the map of whole exhibition as well. and it is also provided with SNS service that is able to keep information exchange besides intimacy. To provide this service, application is consisted of several module. first of all, it includes UNS identity module for sensing, and contain sensor information gathering module handling and collecting the perceived information through this module. Sensor information gathered like this transmits the information gathering server. and there is exhibition information interfacing with user and this module transmits to interesting information collection module through user's reaction besides interface. Interesting information collection module transmits collected information and If valid information out of the information gathering server that brings together sensing information and interesting information is sent to recommend server, the recommend server makes recommend information through inference with gathered valid information. If this server transmit by exhibition information process, exhibition information process module is provided with user by interface. Through this system it raises the dynamic, intelligent personalized service for user.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.24-37
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• 2022

Amid rapid changes in the ICT environment attributed to the 4th Industrial Revolution, the development of information & communication technology, and COVID-19, the existing internet developed without considering security, mobility, manageability, QoS, etc. As a result, the structure of the internet has become complicated, and problems such as security, stability, and reliability vulnerabilities continue to occur. In addition, there is a demand for a new concept of the internet that can provide stability and reliability resulting from digital transformation-geared advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and IoT. Therefore, in order to suggest a way of implementing the Korean future internet that can strengthen cybersecurity, this study suggests the direction and strategy for promoting the future internet that is suitable for the Korean cyber environment through analyzing important key factors in the implementation of the future internet and evaluating the trend and suitability of domestic & foreign research related to future internet. The importance of key factors in the implementation of the future internet proceeds in the order of security, integrity, availability, stability, and confidentiality. Currently, future internet projects are being studied in various ways around the world. Among numerous projects, Bright Internet most adequately satisfies the key elements of future internet implementation and was evaluated as the most suitable technology for Korea's cyber environment. Technical issues as well as strategic and legal issues must be considered in order to promote the Bright Internet as the frontrunner Korean future internet. As for technical issues, it is necessary to adopt SAVA IPv6-NID in selecting the Bright Internet as the standard of Korean future internet and integrated data management at the data center level, and then establish a cooperative system between different countries. As for strategic issues, a secure management system and establishment of institution are needed. Lastly, in the case of legal issues, the requirement of GDPR, which includes compliance with domestic laws such as Korea's revised Data 3 Act, must be fulfilled.