• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.313-315
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• 2011

Reactive arthritis comprises a subgroup within infection-associated arthritides in genetically susceptible hosts. Researchers and clinicians recognize two clinical forms of reactive arthritis which occurs after genitourinary tract infection and after gastrointestinal tract infection. Chlamydia infection has been implicated as the most common agent associated with post-venereal reactive arthritis. Studies have proposed Shigella infection, Salmonella infection, or Yersinia infection as the microorganisms responsible for the post-dysenteric form. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 antigen is the best-known predisposing factor. We report a case of HLA-B27-associated reactive arthritis after Salmonella enteritis at Pusan National University hospital.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2002

Although acebutolol (ABT) is almost completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal (Gl) tract, oral bioavailability of the drug is low due to extensive first-pass metabolism in the Gl tract and liver. In the present study, bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of ABT was studied in bile duct-bypassed rabbits after oral administration. For ABT the time to reach the plasma peak (T$_{max}$) and mean resident time (MRT) were increased by the treatment. For diacetolol (DAT), a metabolite of ABT area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), T$_{max}$ and plasma half-life were increased by the treatment. These results indicate that oral bioavailability of ABT is associated with the enterohepatic recycling of bile juice components.nts.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.166-174
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• 2017

The bacterial cells located within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) outnumber the host's cells by a factor of ten. These human digestive-tract microbes are referred to as the gut microbiota. During the last ten years, our understanding of gut microbiota composition and its relation with intra- and extra-intestinal diseases including risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome, have greatly increased. A question which frequently arises in the research community is whether one can modulate the gut microbial environment to 'control' risk factors in CVD. In this review, we summarized promising intervention methods, based on our current knowledge of intestinal microbiota in modulating CVD. Furthermore, we explore how gut microbiota can be therapeutically exploited by targeting their metabolic program to control pathologic factors of CVD.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.197-201
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• 2007

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the extranodal location most frequently involved in MALT lymphomas, and although MALT lymphomas can be found in the small intestine, most MALT lymphomas of the GI tract occur in the stomach. In addition, MALT lymphoma occurs predominantly in adults; however, a ten-year old female that was admitted to our hospital due to Rt. lower quadrant abdominal pain 1 month ago,was diagnosed with intussusception secondary to ileocecal MALT lymphoma. A biopsy specimen confirmed lymphocyte infiltration with lymphoepithelial lesions, suggesting a low grade MALT lymphoma. Therefore, we report a case of low-grade MALT lymphoma occurring in a ten-year-old female who presented with ileocecal intussusception.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.165-176
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• 2009

Korean ginseng, which contains ginsenosides and polysaccharides as its main constituents, is orally administered to humans. Ginsenosides and polysaccharides are not easily absorbed by the body through the intestines due to their hydrophilicity. Therefore, these constituents which include ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, and Rc, inevitably come into contact with intestinal microflora in the alimentary tract and can be metabolized by intestinal microflora. Since most of the metabolites such as compound K and protopanaxatriol are nonpolar compared to the parental components, these metabolites are easily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The absorbed metabolites may express pharmacological actions, such as antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and neuroprotective effects. However, the activities that metabolize these constituents to bioactive compounds differ significantly between individuals because all individuals possess characteristic indigenous strains of intestinal bacteria. Recently, ginseng has been fermented with enzymes or microbes to develop ginsengs that contain these metabolites. However, before using these enzymes and probiotics, their safety and biotransforming activity should be assessed. Intestinal microflora play an important role in the pharmacological action of orally administered ginseng.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1998

The absorption coefficient of contrast media was measured in region of diagnostic radiology. Relative values of absorption coefficient was found the largest peak in the range of $60{\sim}70\;kVp$ for barium sulfate and 60 kVp for iodine. Increasing the thickness of contrast media and patient, the values of absorption coefficient was rising. In the Radiograph, desired $70{\sim}80\;kVp$ in the gastrointestinal digestion tract with barium sulfate and the vascular tract is before and behind 65 kVp of exposure.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.11
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• pp.611-614
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• 2018

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma exhibits immunohistochemically similar features to lymphoepithelioma and commonly occurs in the skin, salivary gland, breast, lung, gastrointestinal tract, liver, urinary tract, prostate, vulva and vagina. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma from the thyroid gland is extremely rare. We recently experienced a case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of thyroid gland in a 28-year-old female, who presented a thyroid nodule that was suspicious of papillary carcinoma. We report this unusual case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of thyroid gland with a brief review of literature.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.857-863
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• 2023

Pathogenic bacteria that colonize the human intestinal tract have evolved strategies to overcome acidic conditions when they pass through the gastrointestinal tract. Amino acid-mediated acid resistance systems are effective survival strategies in a stomach that is full of amino acid substrate. The amino acid antiporter, amino acid decarboxylase, and ClC chloride antiporter are all engaged in these systems, and each one plays a role in protecting against or adapting to the acidic environment. The ClC chloride antiporter, a member of the ClC channel family, eliminates negatively charged intracellular chloride ions to avoid inner membrane hyperpolarization as an electrical shunt of the acid resistance system. In this review, we will discuss the structure and function of the prokaryotic ClC chloride antiporter of amino acid-mediated acid resistance system.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2002

Purpose: Foreign body swallowing is common in children. Most of foreign bodies passed upper esophagus are removed spontaneously. But recently, therapeutic endoscopy in children is widely used. In this study, we reviewed gastric foreign bodies regarding types, location, interval from swallowing, complications, and treatment or method of removal. Methods: We reviewed medical records of 96 cases with foreign bodies in gastrointestinal tract at Department of Pediatrics in Gyeongsang National University Hospital (GNUH) from Feb 1987 to Feb 2002. Results: The peak age of patients (male=60, female=36) with foreign bodies in gastrointestinal tract was 2 to 5 years of age. Sixty two patients (64.5%) were asymptomatic. The location of foreign bodies in gastrointestinal tract were detected by simple X-ray in eighty one patients (86.0%), barium study (1 case), and gastroduodenoscopy in 37 cases. The most common location was stomach (63.5%). The most common foreign body was coin (41.7%). In thirty seven cases (38.5%), foreign bodies were removed with flexible gastroduodenoscopy. Fifty four patients (56.3%) visited GNUH in 24 hours after swallowing foreign bodies. The long interval (over 24 hours) of swallowing of foreign bodies is related with high frequency of endoscopic removal. Conclusion: The flexible gastroduodenoscopy was effective in diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies. Further studies for indication and validity of endoscopic removal of foreign bodies in upper gastrointestinal tract are needed.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.239-242
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• 2004

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare condition of unknown etiology characterized by peripheral eosinophilia, eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is generally classified according to the Klain classification: predominant mucosal, muscular, and subserosal disease. Mucosal involvement may result in abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, protein-losing enteropathy, and intestinal perforation. Patients with muscular layer disease generally have obstructive symptoms. Subserosal eosinophilic infiltration may result in development of eosinophilic ascites. Most commonly, the stomach, duodenum, and small bowel are involved. A 13-year-old girl came to our hospital presenting with chronic, intermittent abdominal pain. She showed peripheral eosinophilia and biopsy specimen of the duodenum revealed eosinophilic infiltration of the mucosal layer. We here report a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis.