• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.9
• /
• pp.293-304
• /
• 2020

The study reveals the extent of changes in selective financial numbers caused by fixed asset revaluation (FAR) and explores whether there was a management motive for playing the financial numbers game through using the FAR model. The data set consists of a sample of 142 listed companies purposively selected from 13 industries. The study found a significant impact of FAR on the net asset value (NAV), fixed asset intensity (FAI), and debt-to-equity ratio (DER). These findings are supported by the political cost and the debt covenant hypotheses. The study also observed a high growth of fixed assets by 9.5% to 14,603.8% resulting from FAR. More revealing is that FAR increased NAV in revaluer companies by an average of 427.20% as compared to 6.86% in non-revaluer companies. Even some companies with negative NAV took resort on FAR to show positive NAV. Besides, revaluer companies managed to reduce their DER by 70.45% as opposed to an increase of 8.45% in non-revaluer companies. Hence, the study concludes that most of the publicly-listed companies are involved in financial numbers game by the use of the FAR model. To build confidence among investors, companies should practice FAR rightly and disclose related information to help reduce information asymmetry.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.489-494
• /
• 2016

Developing 3D games of quality is getting easier as commercial game engines have significantly evolved. It is still difficult, however, for entry-level developers to create various avatars which could affect the entire game because it requires expertise in 3D design and programming. We propose a design of an avatar assembly system based on a commercial game engine, Unity. It includes the assembly, customization, and management of avatars. It also provides an avatar update mechanism via the World Wide Web(WWW) provided by Unity's asset system so that various avatars can be supplied after the initial game distribution.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.123-138
• /
• 2021

This study aims to empirically prove that blockchain games can provide business model innovations through interoperability among NFT based game items. Through our research on 'PlayDapp platform', we figured out that the technological innovation of blockchain games not only has provided a positive influence to the socio-economic and industrial ecosystem perspectives, but also it differentiates companies(game developers and platform providers in this eco-system) and increases customer benefits.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2016.07a
• /
• pp.327-330
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 Unity 엔진을 이용한 학습용 게임개발의 구현 내용을 소개하였다. Unity 엔진을 이용하면 필드의 제작, 캐릭터 애니메이션 세팅, 스크립트 작성, Asset 관리, 레벨 디자인 등 많은 작업을 하나의 통합 환경에서 수행할 수 있다. 또한 컴파일 과정을 거치지 않아도 게임을 제작하는 도중 언제라도 실행해 볼 수 있기 때문에 개발에 걸리는 시간을 단축 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 과정은 게임 앱 설계 관련 프로젝트의 수행이나 학습용 게임 개발의 학습 모형을 제시한 사례로 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2011

To sustain the competitive edges in the online game industry, many publishers invest online game developers at early stages. However, the fair value of online game developers at early stages cannot be calculated with traditional valuation methods due to the high level of uncertainties in technology and market. Based on the literature reviews, we recommended real options analysis for the proper valuation methods of online game developers at early stages, and compared it with other methods using "Bluehole Studio" investment case. The case study result showed that real options analysis is better in explaining the market value as expected.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2022.11a
• /
• pp.640-642
• /
• 2022

게임 개발엔진인 Unity3D를 활용한 3인칭 슈팅 게임으로 쉬는 시간 등의 자투리 시간에 즐길 수 있는 짧은 플레이타임을 가지고 복잡한 3D 슈팅 게임과 달리 쉽고 간단한 조작법을 가진 게임이다. 적 객체를 공격하거나 회피하며 각 스테이지당 5분을 생존하면 클리어되며 스코어에 기반한 재화를 지급하는 방식으로 진행된다. 게임 내 그래픽은 Unity Asset Store를 통해 그래픽 Asset을 구매하여 게임 내 사용되는 비행선, 물 효과, 탄환에 활용하였으며 일부 비행선은 기존 Asset을 재조립하여 만들었다.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.23-40
• /
• 2014

This paper measures the operational efficiency of domestic online game companies and analyze its trends and patterns by using data envelopment analysis (DEA). DEA is a non-parametric approach to measuring the relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. 14 online game companies are selected as DMUs and three inputs (number of employees, capital and asset) and three outputs (sales, operating profit and net profit) are selected as DEA variables. First, the output-oriented BCC model and super-efficiency model are employed to measure the static operational efficiency of the online game companies from 2003 to 2012. We also conduct the dynamic analysis with DEA window model to capture the trends of their operational efficiency influenced by internal and external environmental changes. The results are expected to provide fruitful implications for strategic decision making of online game companies and policy making for the online game industry.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.13 no.10
• /
• pp.5260-5275
• /
• 2019

In the process of constructing the traditional offensive and defensive game theory model, these are some shortages for considering the dynamic change of security risk problem. By analysing the critical indicators of the incomplete information game theory model, incomplete information attack and defense game theory model and the mathematical engineering method for solving Bayes-Nash equilibrium, the risk-averse income function for information assets is summarized as the problem of maximising the return of the equilibrium point. To obtain the functional relationship between the optimal strategy combination of the offense and defense and the information asset security probability and risk probability. At the same time, the offensive and defensive examples are used to visually analyse and demonstrate the incomplete information game and the Harsanyi conversion method. First, the incomplete information game and the Harsanyi conversion problem is discussed through the attack and defense examples and using the game tree. Then the strategy expression of incomplete information static game and the engineering mathematics method of Bayes-Nash equilibrium are given. After that, it focuses on the offensive and defensive game problem of unsafe information network based on risk aversion. The problem of attack and defense is obtained by the issue of maximizing utility, and then the Bayes-Nash equilibrium of offense and defense game is carried out around the security risk of assets. Finally, the application model in network security penetration and defense is analyzed by designing a simulation example of attack and defense penetration. The analysis results show that the constructed income function model is feasible and practical.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2014.01a
• /
• pp.327-332
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 Unity 3D 엔진을 이용하여 게임개발을 위한 학습용 앱의 구현 내용을 소개하였다. Unity 엔진을 이용하면 필드의 제작, 캐릭터 애니메이션 세팅, 스크립트 작성, Asset 관리, 레벨 디자인 등 많은 작업을 하나의 통합 환경에서 수행할 수 있다. 또한 컴파일 과정을 거치지 않아도 게임을 제작하는 도중 언제라도 실행해 볼 수 있기 때문에 개발에 걸리는 시간을 단축할 수 있다. 본 연구의 과정은 게임 앱 설계 관련 프로젝트의 수행이나 학습용 게임 개발의 학습 모형을 제시한 사례로 활용할 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.94-103
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study investigates how game users' evaluation on a game company's CSR activities, perceived quality of game programs, and its brand assets affect the intention to game use. Specifically, this study tries to find out the causal relations among variables as testing the hypotheses. Firstly, the effect of users' evaluation on a game company's CSR activities and its qualities of game programs on the brand assets. Secondly, the effect of users' evaluation on a game company's CSR activities and its qualities of game programs on the intention to game use. Thirdly, the effect of users' evaluation on a game company's CSR activities, the qualities of game programs, and the brand assets on the intention to game use. 367 college students were administrated to the survey. The results indicate that game users' evaluation on economic, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities, except legal one have an effect on brand assets and intention to game use. Specially, on effects of the three independent variables(CSR activities, perceived quality, and brand assets) toward intention to game use, ethical responsibility and brand loyalty have statistically significant. This result confirms that game company's board of directors should consider ethical company management as well as CSR activities not as cost but as investment for increasing company's business profit.