• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.39-47
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of a horse riding simulator and galvanic vestibular stimulation on improving the ability to balance posture and proprioception. Thirty healthy adults participated and were randomly assigned to a horse riding simulator group ($n_1$=10), galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) group ($n_2$=10), control group ($n_3$=10). Experiment groups were trained 3 times per week over 6 weeks. The ability to balance posture was measured by force plate and proprioception was measured by Joint position sense. The following results were obtained. the changes of balance index were significant interaction in each group in accordance with the experiment time in 0, 3 and 6 weeks (p<.05). All groups showed the most decreasing pattern compared with the control group. But was not statistically significant. Proprioception was significant interaction in each group in accordance with the experiment time (p<.05). All groups showed the most decreasing pattern compared with the control group. The above results indicated that the 6 weeks horse riding simulator and galvanic vestibular stimulation training demonstrated positive effects in the ability to balance posture and proprioception. These results suggest that the horse riding simulator and galvanic vestibular stimulation training could be therapeutic intervention that can improve balance and postural control.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.16 no.9 s.112
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• pp.683-688
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• 1978

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.3113-3116
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• 2009

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.134-137
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• 2008

Cold arc welding of cast iron has been widely used with repair welding of metal structures. However its welding is often resulted in the galvanic corrosion between weld metal zone and heat affected zone(HAZ) due to increasing of hardness. In this study, corrosion properties such as hardness, corrosion potential, surface microstructures, and variation of corrosion current density of welding zone with parameters of used electrodes for cast iron welding were investigated with an electrochemical evaluation. Hardness of HAZ showed the highest value compared to other welding zone regardless of kinds of used electrodes for cast iron welding. And its corrosion potential was also shifted to more negative direction than other welding zone. In addition, corrosion current density of WM in polarization curves was qualitatively smaller than that of HAZ. Therefore galvanic corrosion may be apparently observed at HAZ. However galvanic corrosion may be somewhat controlled by using an optimum welding electrode.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.185-191
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• 2017

Cadmium compounds with one dimension (1D) nanostructures have attracted attention for their excellent electrical and optical properties. In this study, vertically aligned CdTe-Si nanostructures with high density were synthesized by several simple chemical reactions. First, l D Te nanostructures were synthesized by silver assisted chemical Si wafer etching followed by a galvanic displacement reaction of the etched Si nanowires. Nanowire length was controlled from 1 to $25{\mu}m$ by adjusting etching time. The Si nanowire galvanic displacement reaction in $HTeO_2{^+}$ electrolyte created hybrid 1D Te-branched Si nanostructures. The sequential topochemical reaction resulted in $Ag_2Te-Si$ nanostructures, and the cation exchange reaction with the hybrid 1D Te-branched Si nanostructures resulted in CdTe-Si nanostructures. Wet chemical processes including metal assisted etching, galvanic displacement, topochemical and cation exchange reactions are proposed as simple routes to fabricate large scale, vertically aligned CdTe-Si hybrid nanostructures with high density.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.115-121
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• 2000

As the development of industry water quality of river is going to bad because of waste water of an industrial complex and general home agricultural chemicals exhaust of $SO_3$ and CO gas acid rain and so on. Corrosion damage of boiler factory equipment and so forth occur quickly due to using of the polluted water resulting in increasing leak accident. Especially working life of hot water boiler using the polluted water becomes more short and energy loss increases. The cathodic protection method is the most economical and reliable one to prevent corrosion damage of steel structures. Mg-base alloys galvanic anode protection of cathodic protection method is suitable for than application of hot water boiler using water with high specific resistance such as tap water. This paper is studied on the cathodic protection characteristics of how water boiler. In tap water and 0.001mol/$\ell$ NaCl solution the characteristics of anodic polarization of Mg-base alloys galvanic anode and tube material is investigated the measurement of cathodic protection potential according to the time elaspsed is carried out.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 2020

The cathodic hydrogen evolution ability of different pure metals and their long term galvanic corrosion behavior with pure Mg were investigated. The hydrogen evolution ability of pure Ti, Al, Sn and Zr is weak, while that of Fe, W, Cr, and Co is very strong. Initial polarization test could not completely reveal the cathodic behavior of the tested metals during long term corrosion. The cathodic hydrogen evolution ability may vary significantly in the long term galvanic tests for different metals, especially for Al whose cathodic current density reduced to 1/50 of the initial value. The anodic polarization shows that Al and Sn as alloying elements are supposed to provide relatively good passive effect for Mg alloy, while Ag can provide a slight passive effect and Zn has little passive effect.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.178-190
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• 2005

In order to develop a new corrosion sensor for detecting and monitoring the external and internal corrosion damage of buried pipeline, the electrochemical property of sensors and the correlation of its output to corrosion rate of steel pipe, were evaluated by electrochemical methods in two soils of varying resistivity (5,000 ohm-cm, 10,000 ohm-cm) and synthetic tap water environments. In this paper, two types of galvanic probes were manufactured: copper-pipeline steel (Cu-CS) and stainless steel-pipeline steel (SS-CS). The corrosion behavior in synthetic groundwater and synthetic tap water for the different electrodes was investigated by potentiodynamic test. The comparison of the sensor output and corrosion rates revealed that a linear relationship was found between the probe current and the corrosion rates. In the soil resistivity of $5,000{\Omega}-cm$ and tap water environments, only the Cu-CS probe had a good linear quantitative relationship between the sensor output current and the corrosion rate of pipeline steel. In the case of $10,000{\Omega}-cm$, although the SS-CS probe showed a better linear correlation than that of Cu-CS probe, the Cu-CS probe is more suitable than SS-CS probe due to the high current output.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.29-34
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• 2003

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effect of Acupuncture Chok-samni(ST36) on Skin temperature(ST), Galvanic skin response(GSR) and Heart rate(HR) in humans. ST36 is used in uneasiness, high fever, stroke, paralysis on oriental medicine. Methods : Subjects were 18 healthy oriental medical students volunteers(15male, 3female, mean age-28). Under sequence of ST36 acupuncture, the first group was observed ST, the second group was observed GSR and the third group was observed HR. Skin temperature was measured on Haegye acupoint(ST41) before and after acupuncture stimulation. Each test took 15minutes. This test was performed twice in order to increase the statistical authenticity. Results : Our result indicates that acupuncture stimulation of ST36 statistically decreased skin temperature on ST41. Also statistically decreased in HR. The change of GSR after ST36 acupuncture was decreased, but there is no statistical. Conclusions : These results suggested that acupuncture stimulation of ST 36 has effect on ST and HR in human body, and may be used by treatment as control the nerve system.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.77-82
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• 2022

During etching process of PCB, the electroplated copper line and seed layer copper have different etching rates and it caused the over etching of copper line as well as undercut of lines. In this research, the effects of etchants composition on copper etching characteristics were investigated. The optimum concentration of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid of etchants were obtained using polarization and OCV (open circuit voltage) analysis for both rolled copper and electroplated copper. The inhibiting effects of different inhibitors were investigated using OCV and ZRA (zero resistance ammeter) analysis. The galvanic current between electroplated copper and seed layer copper were measured using ZRA method. Inhibitors for least galvanic current could be chosen based on galvanic coupling in ZRA analysis.