• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.155-171
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for a form of gait by comparing and analyzing gait motions on different grades and speeds. In order to accomplish the purpose, 6 university students, whose ages between 20 - 25, were selected. They have gaited on 3Km/h, 4Km/h, 5Km/h of speed and 4 video cameras were used to film them. The speed of filming was 60 frame / seconds. The special variations of kinematics in gait were fixed with ankle joint angle, knee joint angle, hip joint angle, ankle angular velocity, knee angular velocity and hip angular velocity. In this study, the SPSS 10.0 for windows statistical package was used to operate on significant level of .05 for statistical management. From the result of this study, we have succeeded to obtain following conclusions; 1. As the speed increased, the value of ankle joint angle increased. Also the value of ankle joint angle was larger on decline than on incline. 2. As the speed increased, the value of knee joint angle was increased. 3. As the speed increased, the value of hip joint angle was decreased. 4. As the speed increased, the value of ankle angular velocity increased. And the value of ankle angular velocity became higher on decline than on incline. 5. The value of knee angular velocity showed higher on decline than on incline. 6. As the speed increased, the value of hip angular velocity was increased. Also the value of hip angular velocity became higher on incline than on decline.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of symmetrical-reciprocal pattern of scapula and pelvis exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on gait speed and balance in patients with hemiplegia. Methods: Among the adult patients with hemiplegia that were hospitalized at Michuhol Rehabilitation Center after being diagnosed with stroke, 10 that were capable of independent walking for more than five minutes and that understood and cooperated with the therapy and test methods of this research, were selected as subjects. The therapy was implemented based on the concept of PNF, and it was performed on a low mat and a height-adjustable mat, as proscribed by the fundamental procedure for PNF. Symmetrical-reciprocal pattern of scapula and pelvis exercises were applied to the patients in the decubitus position. The therapy scheme included stabilizing reversals, rhythmic stabilization, and a combination of isotonics, rhythmic initiation, and dynamic reversals. To investigate gait speed and body trunk mobility before and after the symmetrical-reciprocal pattern of scapula and pelvis exercises were applied, walking speed for a distance of 10 m was measured and balance was tested based on the Berg-Balance scale test table. The Berg-Balance scale test was performed by one therapist to minimize any error that could occur from the subjective evaluation method used by therapists. Results: Gait speed increased by 8.97 seconds after applying the symmetrical-reciprocal pattern of scapula and pelvis exercises using the concept of PNF, showing a significant difference (p<0.01). However, balance showed no significant difference after the therapy (p>0.14). Conclusion: Exercise therapy that uses the symmetrical-reciprocal pattern of scapula and pelvis with the concept of PNF can be said to be a useful therapeutic technique that can enhance the walking speed of patients with hemiplegia.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2008

This study was undertaken to identify the influence which affect on gait speed and energy consumption regarding putting on arm sling during gait of the 40 hemiplegic patients selected from University Hospital and rehabilitation center in seoul during two months. The analysis of data was performed using the paired samples ttest to compare the differences of gait velocity, heart rate, oxygen consumption and oxygen cost in gait of preand post－ arm sling. The results of this study were as follows; 1. When comparing the result before putting on arm sling in the gait of hemiplegic patient, gait velocity after putting on arm sling was statistically significantly increased(p<.05). 2. When comparing the result before putting on arm sling in the gait of hemiplegic patient, heart rate after putting on arm sling was statistically significantly decreased(p<.05). 3. When comparing the result before putting on arm sling in the gait of hemiplegic patient, oxygen consumption per weight after putting on arm sling was statistically significantly decreased(p<.05). 4. When comparing the result before putting on arm sling in the gait of hemiplegic patient, oxygen consumption rate per weight after putting on arm sling was statistically significantly decreased(p<.05). When putting together the above result, the gait with arm sling in comparison with the gait without arm sling was to increase gait velocity, decrease heart rate, decrease oxygen consumption and was finally to decrease energy consumption in the gait of hemiplegic patient.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2015

The common features of walking in patients with stroke include decreased gait velocity and increased asymmetrical gait pattern. The purpose of this study was to identify important factors related to impairments in gait velocity and asymmetry in chronic stroke patients. The subjects were 30 independently ambulating subjects with chronic stroke. The subjects' impairments were examined, including the isokinetic peak torque of knee extensors, knee flexors, ankle plantarflexors, and ankle dorsiflexors. Passive and active ranges of motion (ROM) of the ankle joint, ankle plantarflexor spasticity, joint position senses of the knee and ankle joint, and balance were examined together. In addition, gait velocity and temporal and spatial asymmetry were evaluated with subjects walking at their comfortable speed. Pearson correlations and multiple regressions were used to measure the relationships between impairments and gait speed and impairments and asymmetry. Regression analyses revealed that ankle passive ROM and peak torque of knee flexors were important factors for gait velocity ($R^2=.41$), while ankle passive ROM was the most important determinant for temporal asymmetry ($R^2=.35$). In addition, knee extensor peak torque was the most significant factor for gait spatial asymmetry ($R^2=.17$). Limitation in ankle passive ROM and weakness of the knee flexor were major contributors to slow gait velocity. Moreover, limited passive ROM in the ankle influenced the level of temporal gait asymmetry in chronic stroke patients. Our findings suggest that stroke rehabilitation programs aiming to improve gait velocity and temporal asymmetry should include stretching exercise for the ankle joint.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.199-206
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 스마트폰 사용이 건강한 성인의 보행패턴에 미치는 영향을 알고자 하였다. 건강한 성인 20명이 본 연구에 동원되었다. 모든 대상자는 보통보행과 스마트폰 보행을 각각 2회씩 수행하였다. 보통보행은 대상자가 선택한 속도로 걸었으며, 스마트폰 보행은 동영상 시청을 하면서 걸었다. 보행 동안 GAITRite 시스템을 이용하여 보행패턴과 관련된 시, 공간적 변수를 확인하였다. 통계분석은 두 보행에 대한 시, 공간적 변수를 비교하기 위하여 대응 표본 t 검정을 이용하였다. 시간적 변수비교에서 스마트폰 보행은 보통보행보다 보행속도, 분속수에서 유의하게 낮았으며(p<.05), 한쪽 다리 지지 시간, 양쪽 다리 지지 시간에서는 유의하게 길었다(p<.05). 공간적 변수 비교에서 스마트폰 보행은 보통보행보다 한 발짝 길이, 한걸음 길이에서 유의하게 짧았으며(p<.05), 보행 시 보간에서는 유의하게 길었다(p<.05). 본 연구의 결과는 보행 동안 스마트폰 사용이 올바른 보행패턴에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음을 증명한다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2022

Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether balance training combined with light touch improves the postural sway and gait speed in stroke patients. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Study Methods: The current study included 40 stroke patients, who were randomly divided into two groups: the balance training with light touch (LT) group (n=20) and the balance training with heavy touch (HT) group (n=20). Both groups performed balance training on a stable and unstable ground. Additionally, the LT group provided light touch stimulation, and the HT group provided heavy touch stimulation. All the participants underwent 20 sessions of STS training (thirty minutes, five days per week for four weeks). In this study, postural sway was measured using a force platform, and walking speed was measured using a 10 meter walk test. Results: The improvements in postural sway and gait speed were observed to be significantly greater in the LT group, compared to the HT group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the current study imply that balance training combined with light touch is a beneficial and effective therapeutic modality that can be employed to improve the postural sway and gait speed in stroke patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.247-253
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 시각흐름 속도에 따른 가상현실 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 보행에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시행하였다. 연구 대상자는 서울시 소재 M재활전문병원에 입원 중인 뇌졸중 환자 중 무작위로 31명을 선정하였고 대상자는 가상현실 프로그램에 몰입하여 보행분석기 위에서 보행을 실시하였으며 가상현실 프로그램의 4가지 조건은 정상 보행과 0.25배, 1배, 2배의 시각흐름 속도변환 가상현실 프로그램으로 구성되었다. 중재동안 보행분석은 GaitRite보행분석시스템을 이용하여 보행 속도, 분속수, 활보장, 보장, 단하지지지 시간, 양하지지지 시간을 측정하였다. 그 결과 0.25배의 느린 시각흐름 가상현실 프로그램에서 연구 대상자는 보행속도, 분속수, 환측 활보장, 건측 활보장, 환측 보장, 건측 활보장이 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였고(p<.05), 환측 단하지지지시간, 건측 단하지지지시간, 환측 양하 지지지시간, 건측 양하지지지시간이 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다(p<.05). 또한 2배의 빠른 시각흐름 가상현실 프로그램에서 연구 대상자는 보행속도, 분속수, 환측 활보장, 건측 활보장, 환측 보장, 건측 활보장, 환측 단하지지지시간이 유의하게 증가하였고(p<.05), 건측 단하지지지시간, 환측 양하지지지시간, 건측 양하지지지시간이 유의하게 감소하였다(p<.05). 따라서 가상현실 보행 프로그램의 적용 속도에 따라서 뇌졸중 환자의 보행 능력이 유의하게 차이를 나타낸다는 것을 알았다. 그러므로 뇌졸중 환자의 운동 프로그램을 계획할 때 보행 훈련 프로그램을 증가시킬 수 있는 다양한 훈련 프로그램이 요구된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.2187-2196
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 리듬청각자극을 이용한 보행훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 보행의 대칭성에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 6개월이 지난 만성 뇌졸중환자 40명을 대상으로 중재 방법에 따라 4군으로 나누었다. A군은 편안한속도로 마비측에 청각자극을 주고 B군은 편안한속도로 비마비측에 청각자극을 주고 C군은 10%증가된 속도로 마비측에 청각자극을 주고 D군은 10%증가시킨 속도로 비마비측에 청각자극을 주었다. 각 군의 환자에게 5분동안 청각자극을 주며 보행훈련을 시행하였다. 보행분석 시스템을 이용하여 보행의 시간적인 변수를 측정하였으며 계산공식을 이용하여 보행의 대칭성을 구하였다. 보시간은 A군을 제외한 모든 군에서 유의하게 감소하였고(p<.05), 보행대칭성도 A군을 제외한 모든 군에서 유의하게 개선되었다(p<.05). 분속수는 A군을 제외한 모든 군에서 유의하게 증가하였고(p<.05), 속도는 모든 군에서 증가하지 않았다. 이 결과를 통해 리듬청각자극이 보행의 대칭성을 개선하는데 효과적임을 확인하였으며 뇌졸중 환자의 보행훈련에 효과적인 방법으로 적용할 수 있으리라 생각한다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2016

Background: Gait problems appear in most stroke patients. Commonly, stroke patients show the typical abnormal gait patterns, such as circumduction, genu recurvatum, and spastic paretic stiff-legged gait. An inclined treadmill gait exercise is good for gait problems of stroke patients. In addition, the backward walking training has been recommended in order to improve the component of the movement for the forward walking. Objects: The purpose of this study to investigated the effects of backward walking with inclined treadmill training on the gait in chronic stroke patients. Methods: A total of 30 volunteers were randomly allocated to two groups that walked on an inclined treadmill: the experimental group ($n_1=15$), which walked backward, and the control group ($n_2=15$), which walked forward. To measure the improvement of the patients' gait, a Figure of Eight Walking Test (F8W), Four Square Step Test (FSST), and Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) were performed. We also measured spatio-temporal gait variables, including gait speed, cadence, stride length, and single limb support using a three-axial wireless accelerometer. The measurements were taken before and after the experiment. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare both groups before and after the interventions. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparisons after the interventions. The statistical significance was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: Before and after experiment, all dependent variables were significantly different between the two groups (p<.05). As compared to the control group, the experimental group showed more significant improvements in F8W, FSST, speed, cadence, stride length, and single limb support (p<.05); however, FGA in this group was not significantly different from the control (p>.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that backward walking on an inclined treadmill is more effective for improving the gait of stroke patients than forward walking.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.645-646
• /
• 2008