• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.274-280
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• 2009

Global Positioning System (GPS)는 정확한 위치추정을 위해 최소 네 개의 위성들을 필요로 한다. 한 개의 일반적인 역확산기(despreader)는 한 개의 GPS 신호를 위해 동작하므로, 다수개의 GPS 신호들을 분리하기 위해서는 일반적으로 다수개의 역확산기들이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 최근에 제안된 일반적인 역확산기와 널(null) 역확산기, 다중단계 CM (constant modulus) 어레이로 구성된 GPS 수신기의 다수개의 GPS 신호들을 검출하기 위한 확장에 대해 소개를 하고, 이에 따른 신호-대-간섭-및-잡음 비(SINR)에 대한 수학적인 표현을 제시한다. 확대된 시스템은 방향성을 가지는 간섭을 제거하기 위해 GPS 신호들에 대한 정확한 도착각(DOA, direction of arrival)을 필요로 하지 않는다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 다수개의 GPS 신호들에 대한 제안된 시스템의 간섭제거 성능을 보일 것이다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.291-296
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• 2021

Recently, the dual-polarized antenna array has drawn attention due to the dependency of its signal processing gain on the signal polarization. Even though this polarization dependency makes it possible to mitigate a non-right-hand circularly polarized (non-RHCP) jamming signal from the same direction as a GPS signal, the dual-polarized antennas are not yet widely used for various applications. This study suggests a method that can acquire the polarization dependency of the signal-processing gain by intentionally misaligning antenna elements in a single-polarized antenna array. The simulation results show that the proposed method can successfully mitigate a non-RHCP jammer from the same direction as a GPS signal as if a dual-polarized antenna array does and provide comparable signal-to-jammer-plus-noise ratio (SJNR) performance with a completely aligned single-polarized antenna array and a dual-polarized antenna array.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.399-404
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• 2004

Recently GPS has been playing an increasingly important role in geodesy and positioning, for example, car navigation system, surveying, ITS(intelligent transport systems), LBS(Location Based Service) and so on. For telematics application, reception conditions of GPS signal are important. In some situation, such as in areas between buildings, metropolitan areas or areas with large skyscraper complexes, there are situations whereby the satellite signal is seriously restricted by various obstacles. Before the signal arrives at the receiver, it may be blocked, reflected, delayed, attenuated or scattered by terrestrial obstacles such as buildings. In this paper, we present satellite imagery data for telematics application. Therefore, for propriety of this studies, we made a GPS satellite visibility experiments in Bun-Dang on same time. This paper describes an approach to calculate building level using 0.6m, 1m, 6.6m resampling aerial polo imagery in stead of the satellite imagery and make a comparative study of accuracy. This paper tests the simulation of GPS signal using the building level.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.765-772
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• 2006

The L2 Civil Signal (L2CS) will be transmitted by modernized IIR(IIR-M), IIF and all subsequent GPS satellites. It contains two codes of different length; CM code contains 10,230chips, repeats every 20milliseconds and is modulated with message data, and CL code contains 767,250chips, repeats every 1.5second Z-count and has no data modulation. And the message data is encoded for Forward Error Correction(FEC). The long code length is useful for weak signal, but it also requires very long acquisition time. Therefore, the structure of GPS Ll/L2C Correlator and the fast acquisition scheme are proposed in this paper.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2015

These days many systems use the gps signal to get their own position. Because it's cheap and accurate and convenient. But, the strength of gps signal is very weak and can be easily interrupted by GPS jamming and GPS spoofing. Normally, fighter can use DME, TACAN, etc to correct their position error when GPS is not working. But, many aircraft which does not have those kinds of hardware need to pay additional cost to get it. In this paper, we propose how to overcome GPS jamming and GPS spoofing by only using data link system. The main purpose of this paper is to make the data link protocol to get an exact position information of own unit at gps error environment.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.467-478
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• 2009

2003년 10월 28일에 X18 급의 태양 플레어가 발생한 다음날인 10월 29일부터 10월 31일까지 할로윈 이벤트로 불리는 초대형 지자기 폭풍이 전 지구적으로 발생하였다. 할로윈 이벤트 기간 동안 한반도 상공 전리권 양상을 살펴보기 위해서 GPS 신틸레이션 S4 지수와 GPS 토모그래피 기법을 사용한 최대 전자밀도($NmF_2$)의 변화를 날짜별로 분석하였다. GPS 신호손실과 신틸레이션의 총 발생 횟수는 10월 28일과 29일이 각각 1,094회와 1,387회로 30일과 31일의 604회와 897회에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이는 지자기 폭풍이 반드시 전리권 교란을 발생하지 않음을 의미 한다. 그러므로 지자기 폭풍이 아닌 전리권 교란을 감시하기 위해서는 지자기 교란 지수보다 S4 지수가 유용할 것이다. 전리권 전자밀도 변화 양상은 GPS 토모그래피 기법으로 산출된 전리권 최대전자밀도($NmF_2$) 값을 날짜별로 분석하였다. 10월 28일에 가장 높은 $NmF_2$ 값을 보이고 있다. 이는 안양 이온존데에서 관측된 $NmF_2$ 값의 변화와 일치되는 경향을 보이며, 전자밀도가 낮은 30일과 31일에 GPS 신틸레이션과 신호손실 총 발생회수가 낮게 나타나는 양상을 보이고 있다. 결론적으로 지자기 폭풍과 GPS 신호 품절의 상관성은 나타나지 않고 있으나 전자멸도가 감 소할수록 GPS 신호품질은 양호한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 향후 장기관측 자료 분석을 통해 평상시와 지자기 폭풍 기간 동안의 GPS 신호품질과 전자멸도 변화에 대해 연구가 진행될 것이다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.189-191
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• 2006

This paper analyzes effect of the spinning vehicle on the GPS signal. In rapid spinning vehicles such as missiles and space rockets, carrier phase and frequency depend on the roll rate of the vehicle. It induces phase and frequency modulation caused by the roll rate. The modulated phase and frequency increase dynamic stress error of the tracking loop. Even though higher order tracking loop can remove dynamic stress error, the dynamic stress error can not be remove in this case. In order to analyze the effect of the spinning vehicle on the GPS signal, the experiments are carried out. The experiment results show the modulation of the carrier frequency and phase caused by the roll rate of the spinning vehicle.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권9호
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• pp.1273-1280
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• 2014

This paper considers a GPS anti-spoofing problem. Spoofing is an intentional interference that mislead the GNSS receiver. The spoofing attack is very significant since the target receiver is not aware of being attacked from spoofing. Accelerometers can be used to detect the spoofing signal by being compared with the acceleration obtained from GPS information using Kalman filter. In this paper we propose an N by N-point average and M-point window algorithm to detect GPS spoofing by using accelerometers and GPS outputs. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed using actual vehicle trajectory and spoofing trajectory generated from INS and GPS toolbox for simulation.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2015

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) including Global Positioning System (GPS) is an important element for navigation of both the military and civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Contrary to the military UAVs, the civil UAVs use the civil signals which are unencrypted, unauthenticated and predictable. Therefore if the civil signals are counterfeited, the civil UAV’s position can be manipulated and the appropriate movement of the civil UAV to the target point is not achieved. In this paper, spoofing on the autonomous navigation UAV is implemented through field experiments. Although the demanded conditions for appropriate spoofing attack exists, satisfying the conditions is restricted in real environments. So, the Way-point of the UAV is assumed to be known for experiments and assessments. Under the circumstances, GPS spoofing signal is generated based on the Software-based GNSS signal generator. The signal is emitted to the target UAV using the antenna of the spoofer and the effect of the signal is analyzed and evaluated. In conclusion, taking the UAV to the target point is hardly feasible. To implement the spoofing as expectation, the position and guidance system of the UAV has to be known. Additionally, the GPS receiver on the UAV could be checked whether it appropriately tracks the spoofing signal or not. However, the effect of the spoofing signal on the autonomous UAV has been verified and assessed through the experimental results. Spoofing signal affects the navigation system of the UAV so that the UAV goes off course or shows an abnormal operation.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39A권6호
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• pp.350-356
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 차세대 GPS 시스템에 채용된 시간 복합 이진 옵셋 반송파의 (time-multiplexed binary offset carrier: TMBOC) 신호 추적 성능을 향상시키기 위한 국소 신호를 설계한다. 구체적으로 TMBOC 변조는 BOC(6,1) 신호 성분을 포함하고 있다는 점으로부터 착안하여, TMBOC(6,1,4/33) 신호의 부반송파를 BOC(6,1) 부 반송파 펄스 주기로 일정하게 나누는 방식으로 국소 신호를 설계한다. 이후, 설계한 국소 신호를 통해 얻은 부분 상관함수들을 재조합하여 TMBOC(6,1,4/33) 신호의 자기상관함수에 존재하는 주변 첨두를 제거함으로써 모호성 문제를 해결한다. 모의실험을 통해 설계한 국소 신호를 이용하여 신호 추적을 수행할 경우, 자기상관함수 및 기존의 기법을 이용하는 경우에 비해 향상된 추적 오류 표준편차 (tracking error standard deviation: TESD) 성능을 가짐을 확인하였다.