• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.87-99
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• 2017

Recently the increase in an abnormal climate events and meteorological disasters which causes a great damage to greenhouse facilities. To minimize and evaluate the expected damages it is necessary to prepare countermeasures and a management system in advance. For this purpose, a quantitative analysis of weather and abnormal climate are needed to investigate protected cultivation areas which are vulnerable to natural disasters. This study focused on protected cultivation areas in Jeolla province, South Korea. Surrogate variables were calculated to analyze the vulnerable areas to meteorological disasters, and spatial distribution analysis was also performed by using GIS to present vulnerable areas on map. The map thus created and was compared with actual data of damages by meteorological disasters which occurred in target areas. The result of the comparison is as follows: About 50% of the target areas showed an agreement between the map created in this study and the actual data, these areas includes Gwangju metropolitan city, Naju city, Yeongam County, Jangseong County, Hampyeong County, and Haenam County. On the other hand, other areas, including Gunsan city, Mokpo city, and Muan County, suffered low damage in spite of high levels of vulnerability to meteorological disasters. This result was considered to be affected by such variables as different structural designs and management systems of greenhouses by region. This study carried out an analysis of meteorological data to find out more detailed vulnerability to protected cultivation area and to create a map of vulnerable protected cultivation areas. In addition, the map was compared with the record of natural disasters to identify actual vulnerable areas. In conclusion, this study can be utilized as basic data for preventing and reducing damages by meteorological disasters in terms of design and management of greenhouses.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5D
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• pp.885-894
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is focused on the development of the effective classification technique using ultra multiband of hyperspectral image. This study suggests the classification technique using canonical correlation analysis, one of multivariate statistical analysis in hyperspectral image classification. High accuracy of classification result is expected for this classification technique as the number of bands increase. This technique is compared with Maximum Likelihood Classification(MLC). The hyperspectral image is the EO1-hyperion image acquired on September 2, 2001, and the number of bands for the experiment were chosen at 30, considering the band scope except the thermal band of Landsat TM. We chose the comparing base map as Ground Truth Data. We evaluate the accuracy by comparing this base map with the classification result image and performing overlay analysis visually. The result showed us that in MLC's case, it can't classify except water, and in case of water, it only classifies big lakes. But Canonical Correlation Classification (CCC) classifies the golf lawn exactly, and it classifies the highway line in the urban area well. In case of water, the ponds that are in golf ground area, the ponds in university, and pools are also classified well. As a result, although the training areas are selected without any trial and error, it was possible to get the exact classification result. Also, the ability to distinguish golf lawn from other vegetations in classification classes, and the ability to classify water was better than MLC technique. Conclusively, this CCC technique for hyperspectral image will be very useful for estimating harvest and detecting surface water. In advance, it will do an important role in the construction of GIS database using the spectral high resolution image, hyperspectral data.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.14 no.4 s.39
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• pp.391-401
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• 2006

We propose a method for geographically enhanced representation of social networks and implement a Web-based 3D visualization of geographical contexts in social networks. A renovated social network graph is illustrated by using two key components: (i) GWCMs (geographically weighted centrality measures) that reflect the differences in interaction intensity and spatial proximity among nodes and (ii) MSNG (map-integrated social network graph) that incorporates the GWCMs and the geographically referenced arrangement of nodes on a choroplethic map. For the integrated 3D visualization of the renovated social network graph, we employ X3D (Extensible 3D), a standard 3D authoring tool for the Web. An experimental case study of regional R&D collaboration provides a visual clue to geographical contexts in social networks including how the social centralization relates to spatial centralization.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.339-344
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• 2016

This study is conducted for analysis of distribution of macrobenthic by using satellite image and in-situ data in the intertidal zone of Suncheon bay. The satellite images on low tide on July 7, 2010 and high tide on Sept. 25, 2010, respectively, are classified into sea water, tidal flat and land. It is to extract for intertidal zone overlaying at low tide and high tide image from previously classified image. Total number of species emergence are 196 species in the intertidal zone, and most species are emergence in the right part of the subtidal zone. The Sigambra tentaculata is the dominant species and emergence the Mediomastus californiensis, Magelona japonica, etc. It is noticed that many kind of macrobenthic distribution in the subtidal zone more than the supralittoral zone. It find out that contamination due to organic through the macrobenthic distribution with a strong resistance to organic in the subtidal zone of Suncheon Bay.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.94-106
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• 2022

In order to increase timber self-sufficiency, Korea's 6th Basic Forest Plan aims to increase the density of forest roads to 12.8 m ha^-1 by 2037. However, due to rapid re-forestation, current management infrastructure is insufficient, with just 4.8 m ha^-1 of forest roads in 2017. This is partly due to time and cost limitations on the process of forest road feasibility evaluation, which considers factors such as topography and forest conditions. To solve this problem, we propose an eco-friendly and efficient forest road network planning method using a geographic information system (GIS), which can evaluate a potential road site remotely based on spatial information. To facilitate such planning, this study identifies forest road construction priorities that can be evaluated using spatial information, such as topography, forest type and forest disasters. A method of predicting the optimal route to connect a forest road with existing roads is also derived. Overlapping analysis was performed using GIS-MCE (which combines GIS with multi-criteria evaluation), targeting the areas of Cheongsong-gun and Buk-gu, Pohang-si, which have a low forest-road density. Each factor affecting the suitability of a proposed new forest road site was assigned a cost, creating a cost surface that facilitates prioritization for each forest type. The forest path's optimal route was then derived using least-cost path analysis. The results of this process were 30 forestry site recommendations in Cheongsong-gun and one in Buk-gu, Pohang-si; this would increase forest road density for the managed forest sites in Cheongsong-gun from 1.58 m ha^-1 to 2.55 m ha^-1. This evaluation method can contribute to the policy of increasing timber self-sufficiency by providing clear guidelines for selecting forest road construction sites and predicting optimal connections to the existing road network.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1331-1343
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• 2000

Through the integration of USLE and GIS, the methodology to estimate the soil loss was developed, and applicated to the Sacheon river in Gangrung. Using GIS, spatial analysis such as watershed boundary determination, flow routing. slope steepness calculation was done. Spatial information from the GIS application was given for each grid. With soil and land use map, information about soil classification and land use was given for each grid too. Based upon these data, thematic maps about the factors of USLE were made. We estimated the soil loss by overlaying the thematic maps. In this manner, we can assess the degree of soil loss for each grid using GIS. Annual average soil loss of Sacheon river watershed is 1.36 ton/ha/yr. Soil loss in forest, dry field, and paddy field is 0.15 ton/ha/yr, 27.04 ton/ha/yr, 0.78 ton/ha/yr respectively. The area of dry field, which is 4% of total area, is $2.4km^2$. But total soil loss of dry field is 6561 ton/yr, and it occupies 84.9 % of total soil loss eroded in Sacheon river watershed. Comparing with the 11.2 ton/ha/yr of an average soil loss tolerance for cropland, provision for the soil loss in dry field is necessary. Run-off and water quality of Sacheon river were measured two times in flood season: from July 24, 1998 to July 28 and from September 29 to October 1. As the run-off of the river increased, SS, TN, TP concentrations and pollutant loadings increased. SS, TN, TP loads of Sacheon river discharged during the 2 heavy rains were 21%, 39%, and 19% of the total pollutant loadings generated in the Sacheon river watershed for one year. We can see that much pollutants are discharged in short period of flood season.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.43-53
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• 2010

A dam is effective in stable supply of water required in daily life and reduction of damage from floods. hut a lot of land or houses arc submerged due to the construction of a darn heavily affecting environment in surrounding areas. In order to improve and support daily life environment. surrounding a dam, many projects have been conducted. and the study has focused on analyzing bow to calculate error characteristics of scale effect for submerged area by using GIS spatial overlay. First, as a result of areal error in submerged area by scale based on a 1/3,000 digital topographic map, it was found that the 1/5,000 digital topographic map is 9.5 times, 9.0 times and 10.5 times more accurate than the 1/25,000 digital topographic map, respectively, in the total of areal error, standard error and areal error for submerged area. Second, as a result of analysis on areal error in areas surrounding a dam, it has been found that Jinan-eup in Jinan-gun registered the largest difference in area within 2km and 2~5km catchment area by recording 13.8 times and 20.6 times, respectively, in the 1/5,000 digital topographic map compared to the 1/25,000 digital topographic map. In addition, in areas out of catchment area within 2km, the area of occupation was very small, so there were no characteristics in error. The out of catchment area, Nami-myeon in Geumsan-gun recorded the largest errors of 31.8 times. Finally, it was found that the ratio of the total areal error in area surrounding a dam, standard error and the total areal error in the entire area using 1,5000 digital topographic map is 7.4 times, 11.8 times and 7.4 times more accurate than the 1/25,000 digital topographic map.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 2015

For the restoration of lateral connectivity between rivers and floodplains, it is important to find the isolated former floodplain (IFF) and to characterize its land use in Korean rivers which were channelized by levee constructions for flood protection. The aim of this study is to map the IFF and to assess its land use pattern in the Nakdong River, Korea. The isolated former floodplain was explored by being overlapped on a digital elevation model (DEM), digital topographic map and design flood level using a geographical information system (GIS) in the Nakdong River basin. The land use of the identified IFF was classified by land-use map. The total number of IFFs was 384 and their total area was $291km^2$. While IFFs were usually surrounded by mountain forest in the upper river area, they tended to be located on wide plain areas in the downstream area of Nakdong River. The land use pattern of IFFs was mostly farmland (73.9%) and urban areas (12.7%) in the river. The results of delineation and land use analysis of isolated former floodplain in the Nakdong River will be used as a base line data for planning stream restoration.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2015

The recent long-term economic recession and business depression are constantly increasing the occurence of the five major crimes(murder, robbery, rape, theft, violence). When looking into the previously-analyzed characteristics of how the five major crimes are committed, this study understands that the crimes mostly occur in these crime-ridden areas of poor public order and security and, in order to decrease the crime rates of the crime-prone areas, any relevant fields have been emphasizing the application of CPTED. In the light of that, referring to CPTED surveillance factors and the current crime rate data, the study presented ways to help the relevant fields draw up a crime-prone area grade map. In particular, the security center among monitoring elements was visualized by dividing it into point patrol and directed patrol and by dividing it into 3 steps monitoring levels with CCTV and street lights. In addition, we checked the crime rate by zoning through crime statistics occurred in the research areas and established a crime status map. We estimated the weight through AHP analysis on the built monitoring elements and the zoning of the occurred areas, as a result of making a map vulnerable to crime by monitoring steps by overlapping each element, we were able to confirm that 60% of theft, 52% of violence and 33% of rape in the 1st grade area were reduced compared to the 1st step in monitoring Step 3.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.91-98
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• 2013

Government introduces a Total Maximum Daily Loads(TMDL) which can be implemented for total pollutant amounts in 2004. Normally, the local governments have been calculated the amounts of pollutant discharge of each watershed using a water quality model. However, among the input data to use the water quality model, creating a schematic diagram of the stream or the modeling usually requires considerable amount of time and efforts due to the manual work. Therefore, this study tried to develop an algorithm which automates the creation of a schematic diagram for water quality modeling using the Korean Reach File capable of river network analysis. Further, this study creates a schematic diagram with the shape of a stream utilizing GIS capabilities. The diagram can be easily analyzed with overlapping various spatial information such as pollution sources and discharge points. This study mainly has automated element segmentation algorithm to divide streamflows into equal distance using line graphic data of Koran Reach File. Also, automated attribute input algorithm has also been developed to enable to insert element order and type into elements using point graphic data of Korean Reach File. For the verification of the developed algorithm, the algorithm was applied to kyungan stream basin to see the acceptable results. To conclude, it was possible to automate generating of schematic diagram of water quality model and it is expected to be able to save time and cost required for the water modeling. In future study, it is necessary to develop an automatic creation system of various types of input data for water quality modeling and this will lead to relatively easier and simple water quality modeling.