• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2008

Quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the waste sector is important to evaluating measures for reduction of GHG emissions. To forecast GHG emissions and identify potential emission reduction for GHG emissions, scenarios applied with environmental policy such as waste reduction and structural change of waste treatment were developed. Scenario I estimated GHG emissions under the business as usual (BAU) baseline. Scenario II estimated GHG emissions with the application of the waste reduction policy while scenario III was based on the policy of structural change of waste treatment. Scenario IV was based on both the policies of waste reduction and structural change of waste treatment. As for the different scenarios, GHG emissions were highest under scenarios III, followed by scenarios IV, I, and II. In particular, GHG emissions increased under scenario III due to the increased GHG emissions from the enhanced waste incineration due to the structural change of waste treatment. This result indicated that the waste reduction is the primary policy for GHG reduction from waste. GHG emission from landfill was higher compared to those from incineration. However, the contribution of GHG emission from incineration increased under scenario III and IV. This indicated that more attention should be paid to the waste treatment for incineration to reduce GHG emissions.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2014

A comprehensive mathematical model was developed for this study to estimate on-site and off-site GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The model was applied to three different hybrid WWTPs (S-WWTP, J-WWTP, and T-WWTP) including anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic process, located in Seoul City, South Korea. Overall on-site and off-site GHG emissions from S-WWTP, J-WWTP, and T-WWTP were $305,253kgCO_2e/d$, $282,682kgCO_2e/d$, and $117,942kgCO_2e/d$, respectively. WWTP treating higher amounts of wastewater produced more on-site and off-site GHG emissions. On average, the percentage contribution of on-site and off-site emissions was 3.03% and 96.97%. The highest amount of on-site GHG emissions was generated from anoxic process and the primary on-site GHG was nitrous oxide ($N_2O$). Off-site GHG emissions related to electricity consumption for unit operation was much higher than that related to production of chemicals for on-site usage. Recovery and reuse of biogas significantly reduced the total GHG emissions from WWTPs. The results obtained from this study can provide basic knowledge to understand the source and amount of GHG emissions from WWTPs and strategies to establish lower GHG emitting WWTPs.

• 경영과학
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2015

The glass production is classified into an energy intensive industry. This study develops a systematic procedure to derive Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission inventory for the Korean glass industry. Based on the bottom-up approach in which the energy intensity in each production process is characterized, the EBs (energy balances) of glass production processes are derived. And the GHG emission is calculated for each of four types of glasses-flat glass, container glass, fiber glass, and LCD glass.

• 경영과학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2014

This study presents a bottom-up approach for analyzing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for the shipbuilding industry in Korea. The overall procedures for deriving GHG emissions from the Korean shipbuilding industry are presented. Based on the long-term forecast on energy demands of the Korean shipbuilding industry, reference energy system (RES) and energy balance (EB) for the shipbuilding process are derived for bottom-up modeling.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.423-434
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• 2012

This study was carried out to develop for the emission factor of greenhouse gas (GHG) from medium and smallscaled incineration facility using RPF which is considering as a part of renewable energy in UNFCC. The actual concentration of the exhaust gas and the fuel composition of RPF were measured for the calculation of GHG emission factor in RPF incinerators, and were compared with the IPCC guideline. The $CO_2$ and $N_2O$ emission factors by the actual concentration of exhaust gas were $2.3575{\pm}1.0070tCO_2/tRPF$ and $0.0014{\pm}0.0014tN_2O/tRPF$ respectively. Also, $CO_2$ emission factor by the RPF composition was $2.7057{\pm}0.0540tCO_2/tRPF$. The GHG emission factor per energy by the actual concentration was $83.0867{\pm}26.0346tCO_2e/TJ$ which showed higher consistency with the GHG emission factor ($80.3967tCO_2e/TJ$) of waste plastic in the IPCC guideline (2006b). The $CO_2$ and $N_2O$ emission factor calculated in this study is considered as a meaningful data for GHG emission factor of RPF incineration facility because of not being developed in ROK.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2017

In this study, GHG inventory on 17 local government between 2005 and 2014 is build up using 'GHG emission estimation guideline (2016. 2) for local government' developed and distributed by KECO. This covers all the sectors should be included in national GHG inventory, which are energy, industrial process, agriculture, AFOLU, and waste. In addition, six GHGs, carbon dioxide, metane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulphur hexafluoride declared in Kyoto protocol are estimated to reflect utmost precision. Indirect esissions, such as electricity, heat and waste generation are separately estimated as well as direct emissions to help local government to establish substantial and implementable reduction measures of GHGs.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.565-572
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 지자체 차원의 기후변화협약 대응을 위해 전라북도를 사례로 온실가스 인벤토리를 구축하고 그 결과에 따라 온실가스 저감전략 기본방향을 수립하였다. 전라북도 온실가스 배출원 분류체계는 대한민국 제3차 국가보고서의 배출원 분류 체계에 따랐으며, 제3차 국가보고서는'Revised IPCC 1996GL'을 기초로 작성되었다. 국가의 경우 에너지 공급 측면의 1차에너지를 기준으로 온실가스 배출량 산정이 가능하지만, 지역의 경우 전환부문에 대한 통제가 불가능하므로 에너지 소비 측면의 2차 에너지를 기준으로 배출량을 산정하였다(지역 전력사용은 에너지 산업부문으로 포함). 전라북도 온실가스 인벤토리 구축결과 2006년 총배출량 중 에너지 연소에 의한 이산화탄소($CO_2$)가 87.1%로 가장 많았으며, 메탄($CH_4$) 8.1%, 기타 부문 이산화탄소 ($CO_2$) 2.2%, 아산화질소($N_2O$) 1.6%, F-가스(HFCs, PFCs, $SF_6$)는 1.0%를 차지하였다. 2006년 총배출량은 에너지(88.0%), 농업(7.6%), 폐기물(2.3%), 산업공정(2.1%) 부문 순으로 배출비중이 높았으며, 에너지 부문은 전력을 포함한 에너지산업, 제조업 및 건설업, 수송, 광업/농림어업/가정상업/공공기타 순으로 발생량이 많았다. 2006년 총배출량 중 산업공정 부문은 F-가스 (HFCs, PFCs, $SF_6$)소비, 농업 부문은 벼논경작, 폐기물 부문은 소각에 의한 온실가스 배출비중이 높은 특성을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 전라북도 각 부문별 특성을 분석하여 부문별 온실가스 저감을 위한 기본방향을 수립하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.295-305
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to a develop model for generation expansion planning that can support diverse environmental policies for the reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) of South Korea. South Korea is required to reduce its GHG emissions by 30% from the BAU level by 2020. The Wien Automatic System Planning Package currently used in South Korea has limitations in terms of the application of renewable energy policies and GHG targets; this paper proposes the use of an equipment planning model named generation and transmission expansion program, which has been developed to resolve such limitations. For verification of the model, a case study on the 6th Basic Plan of Long-Term Electricity Supply and Demand has been conducted. The results show that for the year 2020 South Korea's annual GHG emissions will be 36.6% more than the GHG Target Management System (GHG TMS) target set for the same year (30%). To achieve the GHG TMS target, the costs involved amount to about 72 trillion KRW (70 billion USD). Consequently, the South Korean government needs to review the performability of this target.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2016

There are only 10 projects of the domestic greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions trading scheme in building sector (i.e., 1.5% of 652 registered projects) because the certified methodologies to reduce GHG emissions can not be applied to building sector. This study presents remodeling techniques to reduce GHG emissions in existing buildings. First of all, preconditions and related regulations were reviewed. And then, a pool of factors for GHG reduction are selected and evaluated with respect to factors for reducing energy consumption. This study also investigates the criteria and the decision making process for remodeling techniques to reduce GHG emissions. Finally, the remodeling techniques using the decision making process were grouped based on redundancy of each effect. If reducing methodologies for GHG offset program can be developed using the analyzed remodeling techniques in this study, registered projects in building sector would be increase.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2020

정부는 신재생에너지 보급을 확대하는 RPS제도를 지속해서 개선하지만, 온실가스 저감효과 증대를 위해 환경적인 측면을 더 고려해야 한다는 비판이 있다. 공급인증서 가중치는 신재생 에너지원별로 차등화되어 있다. 공급인증서 가중치 결정 요소의 하나인 온실가스 저감효과 항목 값은 전문가의 의견을 반영하여 결정된다. 이번 연구는 온실가스 배출량을 정확하게 반영하기 위해 전과정 평가를 고려하였다. 전과정 평가는 연료 생산, 수송부터 발전소 건설, 운영, 폐지까지의 전과정에서 발생 되는 온실가스를 정확하게 산출하는 것이다. 이번 연구는 온실가스 저감효과를 기존 정성적 방법에서 정량적 방법으로 변경하는 방안을 제안하고 평가한다. 그 결과, 평가 점수는 바뀌는데, 점수를 등급화하는 구간이 커서 REC 가중치에는 영향을 주지 않는다. 따라서 온실가스 저감효과를 공급인증서 가중치에 직접 반영하는 방안을 제시하였다.