• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.3
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• pp.181-192
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to develop the method of stand volume estimation by the plotless sampling method. The required data were obtained from 164 sampling plots in the red pine(Pinus densiflora) stands which were located in Kyeong-gi, Chung-nam, Chung-buk and Kang-won areas, and related factors were measured actually. The method of stand volume estimation and several tables were drivel from these data. 1. The relationship between the values of stand average height, basal area per ha, and basal area height obtained from the plotless sampling method and values measured actually could be described by the equation Y=bx, where b approached nearly 1.0 and there were no significant differences between them. Therefore stand volumes could be estimated by the plotless sampling method. 2. The estimated equations of the stand voulumes, which were estimated using factors to be measured by dendrometer, are as follows ; logV=-0.0208+0.8497 logGH, logV=-0.0028+0.7981 logG+0.9313 logH. Stand volume tables by these estimated equations were shown in table 4, 5 and estimation error percentages were 9.16% and 8.50% respectively. FH=D/(1.5205+0.0994D) logFH=0.0451+0.2429 logD+0.3474 logH logFG=-0.0380+0.7758logG-0.0066logH F=H/ (-5.1697+2.6013H) F=FH/(-3.1256+2.7611FH) logF=-0.0634-0.0848 logGH-0.1224 logDi 4. Stand form height tables(table7, 8), form basal area tables(table 9), and stand form factor tables(table 10, 11) were prepared using the above estimated equations, and the estimation error percentages were less than 10%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.1528-1533
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• 2012

This study examined the protective effects of ginger and processed (Beopje) ginger extracts on gastritis induced by HCl-ethanol in SD-rats. Beopje (or Poje) is a branch of herbal medicines processed using a Korean traditional method to achieve specific pharmacological effects. Gastric lesions were induced in the rats by a treatment of 1 mL of HCl-ethanol (60% ethanol＋150 mM HCl). The rats were divided into seven groups: Normal (1 mL of saline without HCl-ethanol treated group), Control (HCl-ethanol treated group), GL (35 mg/kg of ginger treated group), BGL (35 mg/kg of Beopje ginger treated group), GH (350 mg/kg of ginger treated group), BGH (350 mg/kg of Beopje ginger treated group) and Cimetidine (80 mg/kg of cimetidine treated group). The gastric injury inhibition rate was 40.2% and 64.9% in GL and BGL and 68.4% and 99.6% in GH and BGH respectively, showing significantly lower rates than the control (p<0.05). The level of gastric juice secretion decreased significantly in all ginger administered groups. The pH of the gastric juices of BGH increased and the acidity of BGH and cimetidine decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared to the other groups. Beopje ginger had stronger inhibitory effects on gastritis than ginger without the Beopje process. The protective effect on gastritis by the ginger and Beopje ginger extracts increased in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). These results suggest that ginger has inhibitory effects on HCl-ethanol induced gastritis in rats that can be improved through the Beopje process.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.732-737
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• 2003

Anti-antibodies against three mouse monoclonal antibodies viz. IIB5D6, VIA6E8 and VIC1F9 (specific to bovine growth hormone) in rabbits have been generated and characterized. Ammonium sulfate fractionated and affinity-purified monoclonal antibodies were used for producing anti-antibodies. The generated anti-antibodies were against common as well as uncommon antigenic determinants present in mouse monoclonal antibodies. The raised anti-antibodies replaced [$I^125$ ]bGH bound to goat liver microsomes indicating production of anti-idiotypic antibodies against bovine growth hormone. These antibodies can have profound implications in vivo in lactating bovines for enhancing milk yield.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.454-457
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• 2008

We report the syntheses, photophysical properties and device performances of solution processible host material for green-phosphorescent OLEDs. The butterfly-shaped new host materials with nonconjugated linkage of carbazole and fluorene moieties have large triple energy band gap around 2.8 eV. All of the EL devices exhibited turn-on voltages in the range of 4.8-5.0 V. GH-4 exhibited the best performance with a maximum current efficiency and power efficiency of 21.1 cd/A and 7.9 lm/W.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.40-46
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• 2004

The magnetic properties of sputtered ($Ni_{83}Fe_{17}/Au/Co/Au$) multilayers with various thicknesses of Au (0.5 {\leq} t_{Au} {\leq} 3 nm), Ni-Fe ($1{\leq}t_{Ni-Fe}{\leq}4nm$) and Co ($0.2{\leq}t_{co}{\leq}1.5nm$) layers were characterized. An alternating in-plane and out-of-plane anisotropy of the ferromagnetic layers was achieved for the structures ($t_{Au}{\geq}1.5nm$) showing a weak coupling between the Ni-Fe layers with an in-plane anisotropy and the Co layers ($0.3{\leq}t_Co{\leq}1.2nm$) with a perpendicular anisotropy. For such a structure, a detailed discussion on the GMR effect is presented, relating to the magnetization reversal from a mutually perpendicular magnetic configuration at the remanence to a parallel one at the saturation. An influence of the dense labyrinth domain structure on the magnetoresistance effect is also addressed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1525-1535
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• 2014

The xynC gene, which encodes high molecular weight xylanase from Paenibacillus sp. DG-22, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The xynC gene comprised a 4,419bp open reading frame encoding 1,472 amino acid residues, including a 27 amino acid signal sequence. Sequence analysis indicated that XynC is a multidomain enzyme composed of two family 4_9 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), a catalytic domain of family 10 glycosyl hydrolases, a family 9 CBM, and three S-layer homologous domains. Recombinant XynC was purified to homogeneity by heat treatment, followed by Avicel affinity chromatography. SDS-PAGE and zymogram analysis of the purified enzyme identified three active truncated xylanase species. Protein sequencing of these truncated proteins showed that all had identical N-terminal sequences. In the protein characterization, recombinant XynC exhibited optimal activity at pH 6.5 and $65^{\circ}C$ and remained stable at neutral to alkaline pH (pH 6.0-10.0). The xylanase activity of recombinant XynC was strongly inhibited by 1 mM $Cu^{2+}$ and $Hg^{2+}$, whereas it was noticeably enhanced by 10 mM dithiothreitol. The enzyme exhibited strong activity towards xylans, including beechwood xylan and arabinoxylan, whereas it showed no cellulase activity. The hydrolyzed product patterns of birchwood xylan and xylooligosaccharides by thin-layer chromatography confirmed XynC as an endoxylanase.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2016

Xylanases sourced from different bacteria have significantly different enzymatic properties. Therefore, studying xylanases from different bacteria is important to their applications in different fields. A potential xylanase degradation gene in Massilia was recently discovered through genomic sequencing. However, its xylanase activity remains unexplored. This paper is the first to report a xylanase (XynRBM26) belonging to the glycosyl hydrolase family (GH10) from the genus Massilia. The gene encodes a 383-residue polypeptide (XynRBM26) with the highest identity of 62% with the endoxylanase from uncultured bacterium BLR13. The XynRBM26 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 is a monomer with a molecular mass of 45.0 kDa. According to enzymatic characteristic analysis, pH 5.5 is the most appropriate for XynRBM26, which could maintain more than 90% activity between pH 5.0 and 8.0. Moreover, XynRBM26 is stable at 37℃ and could maintain at least 96% activity after being placed at 37℃ for 1 h. This paper is the first to report that GH10 xylanase in an animal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has salt tolerance, which could maintain 86% activity in 5 M NaCl. Under the optimum conditions, K_m, V_max, and k_cat of XynRBM26 to beechwood xylan are 9.49 mg/ml, 65.79 μmol/min/mg, and 47.34 /sec, respectively. Considering that XynRBM26 comes from an animal GIT, this xylanase has potential application in feedstuff. Moreover, XynRBM26 is applicable to high-salt food and seafood processing, as well as other high-salt environmental biotechnological fields, because of its high catalytic activity in high-concentration NaCl.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 1990

ABSTRACT: In order to find physiologically active components from higher fungi, hot-water soluble components were extracted from the basidiocarps of Ganoderma lucidum. The extract was purified and separated by DEAE cellulose ion exchange chromatography and Sepharose CL-4B gel filtration method. The separated fractions were designated CR, IN, IA, GL and GH. Fraction GL showed the highest antitumor activity among the fractions and its molecular weight was found to be 47 KD. The tumor inhibition ratio of Fr. GL was 81 % at the dose of peritoneal administration of 20 mg/kg/day for 10 days in mice. Chemical analysis of this fraction showed 82% polysaccharide, 8% protein and 0.9% hexosamine. The polysaccharide moiety consisted of 63% glucose, 27% galactose, 7% mannose and 3% fucose. Fraction IN was found to increase the amount of superoxide anion in activated macrophages to 1.6-fold and the number of plaques in hemolytic plaque assay to 6-fold, respectively. These results indicate that the antitumor activity was exerted through immunopotentiation, but not through direct cytotoxicity against the tumor.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.47-58
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• 2014

This study explores methods for modeling the foundation-seabed interaction needed for the load analysis of an offshore wind energy system. It comprises the comparison study of foundation design load analyses for NREL 5 MW turbine according to various soil-foundation interaction models by conducting the load analysis with GH-Bladed, analysis software for offshore wind energy systems. Furthermore, the results of the aforementioned load analysis were applied to foundation analysis software called L-Pile to conduct a safety review of the foundation cross-section design. Differences in the cross-section of a monopile foundation were observed based on the results of the fixed model, winkler spring and coupled spring models, and the analysis of design load cases, including DLC 1.3, DLC 6.1a, and DLC 6.2a. Consequently, under all design load conditions, the diameter and thickness of the monopile foundation cross-section were found to be 7 m and 80 mm, respectively, using the fixed and coupled spring models; the results of the analysis conducted using the winkler spring model showed that the diameter and thickness of the monopile foundation cross-section were 5 m and 60 mm, respectively. The study found that the soil-foundation interaction modeling method had a significant impact on the load analysis results, which determined the cross-section of a foundation. Based on this study, it is anticipated that designing an offshore wind energy system foundation taking the above impact into account would reduce the possibility of a conservative or unconservative design of the foundation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2008

Purpose: Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hATSCs) can be differentiated into multiple mesenchymal lineages, including bone, cartilage, and muscle. And growth hormone play important roles in the normal growth and development of the CNS. In this study, we explored whether the transplanted hATSCs and growth hormones could improve functional recoveries from rats with contusive spinal cord injury. Methods: We divided 30 female rats, which were subjected to a weight driven implant spinal cord injury, into 3 groups with 10 rats each; Group A as a control group, group B with hATSCs transplantation on injured region, and group C with hATSCs transplantation and GH administration for 7 days. Then, we researched their neurologic functional recoveries before and 2, 4, and 8 weeks after transplantation using Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale. And we checked Y-chromosome positive cells by FISH(Fluorescent in situ hybridization) to identify the survival of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells. Results: After 4 weeks of transplantation, the group B and group C showed significant improvement of neurologic function on BBB locomotor rating scale in comparison with the group A(Group A: $13.1{\pm}0.58$, Group B: $14.6{\pm}0.69$, Group C: $14.9{\pm}0.56$). Moreover, the group C displayed meaningful recovery of neurologic function after 8 weeks in comparison with group B (Group B: $15.7{\pm}0.63$, Group C: $16.5{\pm}1.14$). The group A, the control one, improved for 5 weeks after injury, and had no more recovery. On the other hand, Group B and C showed the improvement of neurologic function continuously for 9 weeks after injury. Conclusion: In this study, we found out that hATSCs transplantation have an effect on neurologic functional recovery of spinal cord injured rat and GH injection seems to bring the synergistic results on this good tendency.