• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1545-1551
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• 2012

이전 연구에서 저자들이 Glycoside hydrolase family 50 (GH-50)과 GH-118 ${\beta}$-agarase들의 발현과 특성을 보고한 Agarivorans sp. JA-1 균주로부터 신규의 GH-16 ${\beta}$-agarase를 보고하고자 한다. 본 유전자는 1,362 염기쌍으로 구성되어 있으며, 453 아미노산 잔기로 구성된 49,830 Da의 단백질을 암호화한다. 본 효소는 Pseudoalteromonas sp. CY24 유래의 GH-16 ${\beta}$-agarase와 98%의 염기서열 상동성과 99%의 아미노산서열 상동성을 나타냈다. 신호서열을 제외한 429 아미노산으로 구성된 성숙단백질에 해당하는 유전자를 E. coli BL21 (DE3) 세포에서 재조합 발현시킨 후, 친화성 크로마토그래피로 효소를 정제하였다. 정제된 효소는 $40^{\circ}C$와 pH 5.0에서 67.6 U/mg의 최적 활성을 보였다. 아가로스를 기질로 한 효소분해산물의 박막크로마토그래피 분석결과, neoagarohexaose와 neoagarotetraose가 주산물로 생산되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 효소는 기능성 한천올리고당의 산업적 생산에 활용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.356-365
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• 2021

최근, 본 연구진은 담수 환경 유래 한천 분해 세균인 Cellvibrio sp KY-GH-1 (KCTC13629BP)의 전체 유전체 염기 서열을 분석하여 아가로오스를 L-AHG 및 D-갈락토오스로 가수분해시키는 아가레이즈들을 암호화하는 유전 정보를 탐색하였다. 그 결과, KY-GH-1 균주는 유전체 상의 약 77 kb 길이의 아가레이즈 유전자 클러스터 내에 9개의 β-아가레이즈 유전자들과 2개의 α-네오아가로비오스 가수분해효소(α-NABH) 유전자들을 지닌 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 유전자 정보를 바탕으로 KY-GH-1 균주가 한천을 탄소원으로 자화하기 위해 단량체인 L-AHG와 D-갈락토오스로 분해시키는 공정은, 엔도형 GH16 β-아가레이즈, 엔도형 GH86 β-아가레이즈 등에 의해 개시되어 NA4, NA6, NA8 등을 생성시킨 후, 이들에 대해 엑소형 GH50 β-아가레이즈가 추가로 작용하여 NA2를 생성시키고, 이어서 GH117 α-NABH가 작용하여 생성된 NA2를 단량체 L-AHG와 D-갈락토오스로 분해함으로써 종결되는 것으로 예측되었다. 대장균 발현 시스템과 PET-30a 벡터를 함께 사용하여, KY-GH-1 균주 유래의 GH50 패밀리 β-아가레이즈 유전자들(GH50A, GH50B, GH50C)과 GH117 패밀리 α-NABH 유전자들(GH117A α-NABH, GH117B α- NABH)을 발현시켜 His-태그 재조합 효소단백질들로 확보하여, 이들 효소단백질을 이용하여 효소 활성을 비교 분석한 결과, 재조합 GH50A β-아가레이즈가 세 개의 GH50A 패밀리 β-아가레이즈 동위효소들 중에서 가장 높은 엑소형 β-아가레이즈 활성을 나타내며, 또한 재조합 GH117A α-NABH가 NA2를 L-AHG와 D-갈락토오스로 강력하게 가수분해할 수 있으나 재조합 GH117B α-NABH는 NA2 가수분해 활성이 없음을 확인하였다. 연이어 GH50A β-아가레이즈 및 GH117A α-NABH의 효소 특성을 추가로 조사하였다. 아울러 이들 각 효소가 나타내는, 아가로오스를 분해하여 NA2를 생성시키는 효율성과 NA2를 분해하여 L-AHG 및 D-갈락토오스를 생성시키는 효율성을 평가하였다. 본 총설에서는, L-AHG 및 D-갈락토오스의 양산을 위한 아가로오스의 효소적 가수분해에 성공적으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되는, 담수 유래 한천 분해 세균 Cellvibrio sp. KY-GH-1 유래의 재조합 GH50A β-아가레이즈 및 GH117A α-NABH의 장점들에 대해 기술한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1188-1192
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• 2003

Negative feedback on GH responses to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and GH-releasing peptides (GHRPs) has been reported and this action has been suggested to act through an increase in somatostatin. To determine whether the acute administration of porcine GH (pGH) inhibits GH responsiveness to GHRP-2 and GHRH in swine, swine were intravenously administered with pGH (5${\mu}g$/kg BW) or placebo followed 180 min later by a second intravenous administration of saline, GHRP-2 (30 ${\mu}g$/kg BW), GHRH (1${\mu}g$/kg BW) and a combination of GHRP-2 and GHRH. Plasma GH concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. Administration of pGH caused a significant increase in GH area under curve and GH peak concentrations (p<0.001) over placebo-treated group. Plasma GH concentrations peaked at 15 min and returned to baseline level within 90 min. Pretreatment of pGH abolished (p<0.01) GH response to GHRH and attenuated (p<0.05) GH response to GHRP-2 and GHRH combined, without affecting GH response to GHRP-2. These results demonstrate that negative feedback action on GH releasing effect of GHRH occurs in swine, and that GHRP-2 has ability to interact in this action.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1193-1198
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• 2003

An increase in frequency of administration of exogenous growth hormone (GH) or GH-releasing hormone was reported to be a model to increase blood circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and to improve growth performance in animals. We have investigated the effect of twice daily administration of GH-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2) on growth performance, GH responsiveness and plasma insulin-like growth factor IGF-1 in swine. We administered to eight swine, 3 control and 5 treatment, a twice daily s.c. injections of GHRP-2 ($30{\mu}g/kg\;BW$) for a period of 10 days. Every day blood samples immediately taken before injections of GHRP-2 or saline, at 08:00 h and 16:00 h, were measured for IGF-1 concentrations. Blood samples for GH assay were collected every 20 min on days 1, 6 and 10, from 1 hour before and 3 h after GHRP-2 or saline injections at 08:00 h. GH peak concentrations and GH area under curve (GH AUC) on day 1, 6 and 10 in treatment group of swine were higher than those in control swine (p<0.05). Twice daily administration of GHRP-2 caused a significantly attenuation (p<0.05) of GH peak concentrations ($80.25{\pm}13.87$, $39.73{\pm}5.72$ and $27.57{\pm}6.06ng/ml$ for day 1, 6 and 10, respectively) and GH AUCs ($3,536.15{\pm}738.35$, $1,310.31{\pm}203.55$ and $934.37{\pm}208.99ng/ml$ for day 1, 6 and 10, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in GH peak concentration and GH AUC between day 6 and 10. Plasma IGF-1 concentration levels were higher in treatment than control group of swine (p<0.05) after 3 days of the treatment, and the levels reached a plateau from day 3 to 10 of experiment. Growth performance did not alter by GHRP-2 administration, even though a numerical increase of body weight gain and feed efficiency was observed. These results indicate that twice daily administration of GHRP-2 for 10 days in swine did not significantly influence on growth performance, caused an overall attenuation of GH response, and that elevation of plasma GH concentrations caused by GHRP-2 administration increased plasma IGF-1 concentrations, even though an attenuation of GH response was observed.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

The hydrolysis of biomass to fermentable sugar (saccharification) and to oligosaccharide is an essential process in biotechnology including biorefinery and biofood. Various macroalgae are commercially cultivated in several Asian countries as a useful resource for food and agar production. Agar is a major component of the cell walls of red algae that can be hydrolyzed by agarase. Agarases are classified into ${\alpha}$-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.158) and ${\beta}$-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.81) according to the cleavage pattern and grouped in the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family (GH-16, GH-58, GH-86, GH-96, and GH-118) based on the amino acid sequences of the proteins. Agarases have been isolated from various bacteria found in seawater and marine sediments. To increase productivity of the enzyme, a research on recombinant enzymes has been done. The application of recombinant agarase can be possible in the various filed such as energy, food, cosmetics, medical and so on. This paper reviews the source, biochemical characteristics and production system of recombinant agarases for further study.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2016

바실러스는 토양 및 반추동물의 소화기관과 같은 다양한 곳에서 분리되고 있으며, 작물의 생육 촉진과 병방제를 위한 미생물 재제로서 널리 사용되고 있다. 바실러스 GH1-13 균주는 전남 완도의 간척지 논에서 분리되었으며, 16S rRNA 유전자와 gyrB 유전자를 이용하여 계통유전학적으로 분석한 결과 Bacillus velezensis인 것으로 동정되었다. GH1-13 균주의 특성을 분석한 결과 생육촉진에 관련된 IAA를 생성할 뿐 아니라 벼 뿌리의 생육을 촉진하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 벼의 주요 병원균의 생육을 억제할 뿐 아니라 작물의 병원균인 다양한 곰팡이의 생육을 저해하였다. 더불어 식물병원 진균 및 세균의 생육 억제와 밀접하게 관련된 것으로 판단되는 bacillomycin, bacilycin, fengycin, iturin, surfactin을 생성하는 생합성유전자를 보유한 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 GH1-13균주가 작물의 생육촉진과 병 방제를 동시에 해결할 수 있는 강력한 복합기능성 미생물제로의 가능성이 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1984

누에병 중에 피해가 막대한 전염성 연화병을 방제하기 위하여 바이러스 증식을 특이적으로 억제하는 guanidine 유도체중에서 그 억제효과가 큰 guanidine hydrochloride(GH)를 도입하여 전염성 연화병 바이러스의 증식억제효과에 관하여 조사하였다. 1. 누에에 대한 GH의 약해시험 결과에서는 GH농도 0.01% 수준 이하에서는 약해가 전혀 없었다. 2. FV 감염잠 혼입에 따른 피해조사에서는 화용비율은 무처리(대조) 89.2% (100)에 대하여 1% 감염잠혼입구 70.7%(79), 5% 감염잠 혼입구 38.4%(43)이었으며 1만두수견양은 대조구 21.3kg(100)에 대하여 1% 혼입구 16.7kg(77), 5% 혼입구 8.8kg(41)으로서 전자와 같은 경향으로 나타났다. 3. FV에 대한 GH의 발병억제효과는 GH 0.01% 농도에서 대조구에 비하여 약 10배의 억제효과가 있었다. 4. GH의 투여회수와 발병억제효과에서는 FV접종후 계속 투여하는 것이 가장 효과적이었다. 5. FV 접종후 GH투여시간에 대한 발병억제 효과는 접종과 동시에 투여는 것이 가장 효과적이었다. 6. FV의 GH에 의한 시험관내 불활화조사에서는 GH가 시험관내에서 FV를 불활화시키는 작용이 인정되지 않았다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5421-5425
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• 2015

To evaluate the relationship between the growth hormone 1 (GH1) T1663A polymorphism, recreational physical activity and body mass index (BMI) with reference to breast cancer, we conducted a case-control study with 669 cases of breast cancer and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu Province, China. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit detailed information. All subjects completed an in-person interview. GH1 genotypes were identified using PCR-RFLP methods. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. The distribution of GH1 genotypes was not significantly different between controls and cases ($x^2$=2.576, P=0.276). Results of stratified analysis by the participation status of the recreational physical activity showed that the persons with GH1 A allele were at a decreased risk of breast cancer (adjusted-OR=0.66; 95% CI, 0.50-0.87) only among inactive individuals. Stratified analysis by BMI showed that the genotype A/A was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer only among individuals of the BMI <25 (adjusted-OR=0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.98). The findings of this study suggest that recreational physical activity and BMI may modify any association between the GH1 T1663A polymorphism and breast cancer risk.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.35-38
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• 2022

Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disease associated with growth impairment, severe obesity and metabolic dysfunctions. High proportion of PWS patients are born small for gestational age (SGA) than normal children, which also increase the risk of growth impairment and metabolic dysfunction in PWS. We aimed to compare growth outcome and metabolic profiles between SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) PWS patients. Methods: Data of 55 PWS children and adults aged more than 2 years old (32 male and 23 female, age 2-18.8 years) from single center were studied. Only patients who were treated with GH were included. The clinical characteristics and laboratory findings were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Among 55 subjects, 39 had 15q11-13 deletion and 16 had uniparental disomy (UPD). Twenty (36.3%) were born SGA. All patients received GH treatment, and 11 (20%) discontinued GH treatment. Mean age at GH treatment initiation was 2.5 (range 0.3-12.4) years, and mean duration of treatment was 6.3 (range 1.0-11.3) years. Current height-SDS (-0.36 vs -0.16) and BMI-SDS (1.44 vs 1.33) did not differ between AGA and SGA group. Two patients in SGA group, but none in AGA group had diabetes mellitus. Mean glucose level was also higher in SGA group (100.1 vs 114.4 mg/dL). Conclusion: Our report gives an overview of growth profile and metabolic dysfunctions recorded in GH treated PWS patients. Growth profile did not differ between AGA and SGA group. Glucose level was higher in SGA group, so more careful monitoring and prevention for DM will be required in SGA group.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2001

Objectives : The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate and compare the effects of Sunghyangjunggi-san (SH) and Gwackhyangjunggi-san (GH) extracts on reperfusion following the MCA occlusion in rats. Methods : To evaluate the effect of Sunghyangjunggi-san (SH) and Gwackhyangjunggi-san (GH) extracts on reperfusion following the MCA occlusion, the volume of cerebral infarction and edema were measured and the change of the CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus were investigated by light microscopy. Results : 1. The infarction volume of the control group was 23.6%, that of the GH group was 23.7%, and that of the SH group was 18.5%. 2. The brain edema volume of the control group increased by 16% compared with that of the normal group, that of the GH group increased by 14%, and that of the SH group increased by 9%. 3. The number of surviving pyramidal neurons in the CAI area of the hippocampus was investigated under light microscopy. In the control group, few surviving pyramidal neurons excisted (mean 6.4) and similarly in the GH group (mean 8.5), but in the SH group, the number of surviving pyramidal neurons was significantly higher, to the mean 18.4. Conclusions : According to the above results, in regard to the damage of neurons following cerebral ischemia, the GH group has little effect of the protection of neurons compared to the control group, but the SH group has a remarkable effect.