• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.385-392
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• 2016

Geographical isolation may lead to the populations having different ecological characteristics. Geographic isolation have been known to cause echolocation call differences in bats. In order to look at geographic differences of echolocation calls of Great Horseshoe Bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum), populations of inland and Jeju island habitats were examined in Korea. The study areas were some abandoned mines in the inland and caves of Jeju island, which were known as rest sites of Great Horseshoe Bats during the active season. Recording was done in two ways: Hand-held, Free-flying. Recording pulse was analyzed into five parameters: Maximum Frequency (FMAX), Minimum Frequency (FMIN), Peak Frequency (PF), Duration (D), Inter pulse Interval (IPI). Interestingly, The present study shows that the difference in echolocation between the inland and island populations. The PF of bats inhabited inland was 69 kHz. but, the PF of bats inhabited island (Jeju) was 71 kHz. There was a difference between regions. Discriminant analyses also showed clear difference between the inland and the island populations. Especially, PF of Korea population is lower than that of Europe (82 kHz) and higher than that of Japan (65 kHz).

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.113-124
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• 2014

The grands ensembles, or large-scale high-rise housing projects, are widely regarded as notorious products of postwar French government policy in the area of housing and urban planning. There was a general consensus that the grands ensembles had been a 'failure'. They were perceived as the source of all the ills of the contemporary city, as responsible for a social breakdown stemming from lack of infrastructure, geographical isolation, and monotonous environments. French government embarked on a broad renovation effort in light of the deteriorated condition of grands ensembles in the 1980s, which has been approved as generally 'successful'. This study focusing on French cases allowed me to demonstrate that following qualifications are critically important for successful housing projects: urban contextual continuity, socially mixed community, authentic planning for achieving sense of place, relationship between collective and individual expression, et cetera.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.271-272
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• 2010

Burkholderia glumae causes bacterial rice grain rot and bacterial wilt on many field crops. We developed a simple diagnostic streak method for the isolation of B. glumae from diseased plant material. The geographical distribution of 178 Korean isolates shows that B. glumae is widely spread in South Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.357-370
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• 2002

Present work aims to investigate the species composition, physiognomy and distribution of arctic-alpine and alpine plants(AAP) of the Korean Peninsula. The dominance of AAP in the northern Korea may be due to the frequent exchanges of floras with circumpolar regions for the seek of the glacial refugia during the alternate Pleistocene glacial epochs. The post-glacial climatic amelioration pushed AAP back northwards and upwards, so they now shows disjunctive distribution on separate mountain tops. The diverse morphological adaptations of AAP to severe environmental conditions, viz. the dominance of perennial species, stunted tree growth, multiple protection of leaves, krummholz, and dwarf shrubs, are the result of long-term graduall development which have safeguarded the survival of AAP in a such a harsh cryo-climatic area. The appearance of the Korean endemic AAP reflects the long-term isolation of species in Korea, and the local environmental diversities which have both accentuated this isolation and aided the development of genetic diversity. Evergreen broad-leaved AAP at c. 1,500m to 1,800m and above are now endangered because of the competition from down-slope plants, and from the global warming.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.177-187
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• 2005

Fish fauna of mountain streams in the Odaesan National Park area was investigated from May to October 2004. A total of 2,580 individuals were collected and classified into 26 species belonging to 9 families at the 25 sites. There were 8 Korea endemic species $(30.77\%)$, including Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa, Silurus microdorsalis, Coreoperca herzi. Exotic species, Oncorhynchus mykiss was collected in this survey. Dominant species were Rhynchocypris kumgangensis $(37.17\%)$, and subdominant species was Rhynchocypris steindachneri$(23.02\%)$. Also Zacco platypus, Zacco temmincki, Oncorhynchus masou masou, Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis, and Ladislavia tazanowskii were numerous. In spite of the geographical isolation by Taebaek-sanmaek, 8 species were introduced from the Han River systems to eastern water systems in Odaesan National Park.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.171-187
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• 2008

Islands are vulnerable to outer influences due to their small size and isolation. Tourism often becomes an important development focus because of their unique culture and nature. Jeju-do, as well as other islands, has experienced such development mostly led by central government, and the regional change was understood as the outcome of global influences without much concern with the local response or strategy. Thus, vulnerability has been the key theme in island development studies. This paper examines the current state of island development as an outcome of locals' alternating strategy in which the islanders accept the central government's plan, but express their demands to modify them. It is reflected in the electoral preference for ruling or oppositional parties, local movements against central government's development plans, and the spatial organization of tourism sites from a few growth centers to more dispersed, balanced development. These suggest that the current state of island development is not derived from unidirectional global forces, even if islands are peripheral. Rather, it is the outcome of an alternating strategy of Jeju locals accepting the central government development plans while managing them for local benefits.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.122-142
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• 2016

This paper examines the implications of North Korea's Special Economic Zone (SEZ) strategy since the early 1990s in terms of the shifts in both North Korea's economic system and geopolitical order on the Korean peninsula. Specifically, it analyzes the shifts in North Korea's SEZ policy in three different aspects-North Korea's unique territorial logic, stress on decentralization, and comparison with Chinese reform and opening-up. Based upon this analysis, this paper criticizes a linear approach to understand North Korea's economic transformation from isolation to opening-up, and explores the dynamics of North Korea SEZ strategy in various dimensions. It contends that North Korea's SEZ strategy is neither an inevitable choice from economic difficulty nor an adoption of Chinese model of reform and opening up. Rather this paper focuses on the geopolitical logic and local development imperatives underlying SEZ strategy.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.201-206
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• 2013

Aporia crataegi, an Korean endangered species, was first analyzed for DNA barcode sequences based on 28-year-old dried specimens and compared barcode characters with 36 individuals of ten geographical populations of Eurasia. They were revealed to consist of five different haplotypes. Among them, haplotype I was mostly extensive and high frequency with 75%. The south Korean individuals were confirmed to be belonging to haplotype I and have no genetic isolation on COI gene. By these results, we consider that selection of the identical haplotype from other geographical populations may be a requirement prior to performing for conservation and restoration of the Korean population. We also propose to analyse the additional genetic markers in order to understand a more accurate genetic structures between haplotypes of this species.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.528-543
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• 2004

The biogeographical approach on the species composition, distributional range, and life form of native Korean conifers suggests that the Korean Peninsula harbors 4 families 10 genera 30 species. Early-evolved conifers maintain high species diversity and broad distribution. During the glacial periods, the ranges of cold-tolerant conifers expanded, on the other hand, those of warmth-tolerant ones reduced. Presence of endemic subalpine conifers might be the result of long-term isolation of conifers on high mountains. Horizontal and vertical ranges of native Korean conifers are classified into alpine, subalpine, montane, coastal, insular and disjunctive types, and then subdivided into twelve sub-types. Typical life form of native Korean conifers is evergreen tree, blooms in spring, and fruits ripe in autumn or following autumn. Oval and elliptical seeds with wing might be beneficial for their dispersal. Further works on the migration, dispersal, genetics, ecology of native Korean conifers are required for the better understanding of the biogeography of conifers.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.117-136
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• 2004

The main purpose of this paper is to review the research on the border region, especially herein to consider theoretical models critically and then to gain the implication for appropriate analytical framework or rather theoretical model on the basis of the findings. Through the review of various literature, major finding are as follows. First, the term of border or frontier was used in a rather ambiguous way. Second, the early models in the border region research have been developed to explain barrier effects, of which the border was considered to playa role. However, as border regions change from the closed regions to the opened ones, more adequate models have accordingly been developed. Third, there were several attempts to typify border regions and they tend to focus on the issue of regional development of the regions. Fourth, according to the case studies of the border region research, many border regions are not in isolation or peripheral position any more. Rather they are transformed into potentially prosperous regions through the support of authority as well as inter-regional cooperation.