• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.933-938
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to analyse the sequences of variations of mtDNA D-loop and their effects on carcass traits in Hnawoo(Korean cattle). The resulting sequences were compared with previously published sequences for other cattle breeds(GenBank J01394). The PCR was used to amplify a total of 964 bp between nucleotide 15758 and 383 within D-loop region of mtDNA using specific primers. Twenty five polymorphic sites by nucleotide substitution were found in mtDNA of Hanwoo. The frequencies of positions at 169, 16042, 16093, 16119, 16255 and 16302 nt with high levels of sequence polymorphism were 0.891, 0.117, 0.109, 0.182, 0.197 and 0.117, respectively. The substitution effect at 169 and 16119 nt was found significant on marbling score. Also substitution effect at 169 and 16042 nt was highly significant(p〈0.01) on backfat. thickness. Polymorphism of mtDNA sequence in D-loop region could be useful for the analysis of cytoplasmic genetic variation and associations with the other economically important traits and maternal lineage analysis in Hanwoo.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2001

Background: Hepatitis C virus(HCV), a family of Flaviviridae, has a host cell-derived envelope containing a positive-stranded RNA genome, and has been known as the maj or etiological agent for chronic hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. There remains a need to dissect a molecular mechanism of pathogenesis for the development of therapeutic and effective preventive measure for HCV. Identification of cellular receptor is of central importance not only to understand the viral pathogenesis, but also to exploit strategies for prevention of HCV. This study was aimed at identifying peptide mimotopes inhibiting the binding of E2 protein of HCV to MOLT-4 cell. Methods: In this study, phage peptide library displaying a random peptides consisting of 7 or 12 random peptides was employed in order to pan against E2 protein. Free HCV particles were separated from the immune complex forms by immunoprecipitation using anti-human IgG antibody, and used for HCV-capture ELISA. To identify the peptides inhibiting E2-binding to MOLT-4 cells, E2 protein was subj ect to bind to MOLT-4 cells under the competition with phage peptides. Results: Several phage peptides were selected for their specific binding to E2 protein, which showed the conserved sequence of SHFWRAP from 3 different peptide sequences. They were also able to recognize the HCV particles in the sera of HCV patients captured by monoclonal antibody against E2 protein. Two of them, showing peptide sequence of HLGPWMSHWFQR and WAPPLERSSLFY respectively, were revealed to inhibit the binding of E2 protein to MOLT-4 cell efficiently in dose dependent mode. However, few membrane-associated receptor candidates were seen using Fasta3 programe for homology search with these peptides. Conclusion: Phage peptides containing HLGPWMSHWFQR and WAPPLERSSLFY respectively, showed the inhibition of E2-binding to MOLT-4 cells. However, they did not reveal any homologues to cellular receptors from GenBank database. In further study, cellular receptor could be identified through the screening of cDNA library from MOLT-4 or hepatocytes using antibodies against these peptide mimotopes.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.39 no.12
• /
• pp.1257-1263
• /
• 2015

A correlation between the transient regime and steady state regime on the creep crack growth (CCG) for Grade 91 steel, which is used as the structural material for the Gen-IV reactor systems, was investigated. A series of CCG tests were performed using 1/2" CT specimens under a constant applied load and at a constant temperature of $600^{\circ}C$. The CCG rates for the transient and steady state regimes were obtained in terms of $C^*$ parameter. The transient CCG rate had a close correlation with the steady-state CCG rate, as the slope of the transient CCG data was very similar to that of the steady state data. The transient rate was slower by 5.6 times as compared to the steady state rate. It can be inferred that the steady state CCG rate, which is required for long-time tests, can be predicted from the transient CCG rate obtained from short-time tests.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.77 no.4
• /
• pp.361-370
• /
• 1988

This study was carried out for observation of growth, mycorrhizal formation and nutrient absorption of Pinus thunbergii seedlings treated with two soil mixtures and various nitrogen levels after inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus, Pisolithus tinctorius. 1. Seedlings grown on vermiculite applied with $50-150{\mu}g/ml$ nitrogen levels were well developed with pinnate type and cluster-like mycorrhizae. But seedlings on sandy loam had monopodial type in addition to the above-mentioned two types. 2. Optimum fertilization level for mycorrhizal formation is 50 or $150{\mu}g/ml$ N that showed best mycorrhizal formation of $86.4({\pm}3.14)%$ or $73.0({\pm}7.21)%$, respectively, but increased nitrogen levels decreased formation of mycorrhizal short roots. Seedlings applied with $450{\mu}g/ml$ nitrogen level decreased in net assimilation rate (NAR) and crop growth rate(CGR) during early growth of the seedlings, and they were increased since Aug, when nutrient application was stopped. 9. Inorganic nutrient absorption was increased more in seedlings grown on vermiculite and inoculated growth medium than those grown on sandy loam and noninoculated one, and it was gradually increased with increasing nitrogen increasing nitrogen level until $350{\mu}g/ml$. But $450{\mu}g/ml$ nitro gen level rather reduced absorption of nutrient.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.122-126
• /
• 2016

In June 2015, an exhibited typical signs and symptoms of brown rot was observed on fruit of Apricot cvs. Modern and Alexander at an incidence of 5% of fruit in Jeonju, Korea. Early symptoms on fruit showed small, circular, light brown spots that eventually destroyed the entire fruit. Small sporodochia appeared on the fruit surface. Fruit susceptibility to brown rot increases during the 1 to 2 weeks period prior to harvest. The conidia were one-celled, hyaline, lemon-shaped, $14.6-18.0{\times}8.5-11{\mu}m$, and borne in branched monilioid chains. Based on the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the fungus was identified as Monilinia fructicola. A BLAST search revealed that sequences of the fungus shared 100% identity to those of M. fructicola. Pathogenicity of a representative isolate was proved by artificial inoculation, fulfilling Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report on the occurrence of M. fructicola on apricot in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.283-299
• /
• 1992

Since successive operations under the acupuncture analgesia have been reported In China 1971, veterinary acupuncture was brought to the attention over the world and then its research and clinical use have markedly developed. Veterinary acupuncture and moxibustion was originated in China and Korea, but the research activities on them were not very significantly advanced. In this study, status of veterinarians on veterinary acupuncture and moxibustion, acupunctures which has been practiced by civil acupuncturist, therapeutic effects of acupuncture for the animal diseases in the field, and effects of electric acupuncture on the lumen motility in ruminants, etc. were Investigated. One-fifty of veterinarians of private clinics in Korea was interested in acupuncture and moxibustion in veterinary medicine. A lot of veterinarians required the scientific, systemic technique and knowledge or acupuncture. Civil acupuncturists who have been practiced acupuncture and moxibustion were 20 persons, and most of them were very old. They used chiefly three edged needles which were made by themselves and utilized old traditional technique in which the acupoints were stimulated and bled. Treatment with acupuncture for the digestive, muscular locomotive and febrile diseases was very effective. Until nowadays, the research on veterinary acupuncture in Korea has not much progressed. However, the Korean Societh of Veterinary Acupuncture and Moxibustion was organized in 1990. Valuable development for acupuncture through the society are expected. Electroacupuncture regional analgesia on the combinations of Yao-Pang 1, 2 and 4 acupoints was very effective for abdominal operations in cattle. But a lot of experiences and studies on the acupuncture anesthesia were required for clinical use in the future. Therapeutic effects of about 80% were obtained from electroacupuncture on the combinations of Tian Ping-Bai Hui-Shi Zhang, and Guan Yuan Yu acupoints in cattle with luminal atony and tympany In the field. Electroacupuncture on the combination of Tian Ping-Bai Hui-Qi Men, and Tian Ping-Bai Bui-Wei Gen for the treatment of downer cow was not so effective. The effects of stimulation and bleeding from acupoint by three edged needle was excellent for febrile diseases. The luminal contractile movement was accentuated by electroacupuncture on Tian Ping-Bai Hui-Shi Zhang combination and Guan Yuan Yu acupoint. It was concluded that veterinary acupuncture and moxibustion should be utilized for veterinary practice, and the advanced scientific research and clinical experiences must be followed.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.207-210
• /
• 2008

Trichophyton erinacei is a dermatophyte pathogen that infects both humans and hedgehogs. A two-month old female four-toed hedgehog presented to the Chonbuk Animal Medical Center with pruritus, excoriation and crust on her face for ten days. The owner of the hedgehog also exhibited the clinical signs of scaly erythema with fine vesicles on her neck. A presumptive diagnosis of dermatophytosis was made based on the results of an acetate tape preparation in which hyphae and chains of arthroconidia were observed. The crusts from the lesions were then cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar for identification. After 10 days of incubation, downy colored colonies that had a central umbo with a white granular surface and a yellow pigment ring in the reverse were observed. Microscopic analysis revealed the presence of numerous teardrop shaped microconidia singly attached to the sides of the hyphae. In addition, 2-6 roomed macroconidia that were somewhat irregular in shape and size were present, and abundant intermediate sized spores were observed between the micro and macro conidia. To confirm that the culture was T. erinacei, the internal transcribed spacer region of the 5.8S phase of the ribosomal RNA gene (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA) was amplified by PCR and then sequenced. A 679-base pair fragment of DNA was then compared with sequences in GenBank and found to be 99% homologous with sequences of T. erinacei (Z97997 and Z97996. The clinical signs were resolved after four weeks of treatment with oral and topical ketoconazole and chlorhexidine. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first case of T. erinacei isolated from a four-toed hedgehog in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.219-240
• /
• 2018

The study analyzed the characteristics of two library and information science journals indexed by Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus in 2015 along with two of their non-indexed sister journals. The study also analyzed the characteristics of a SCIE- and Scopus-indexed oceanographic journal published domestically along with its sister journal indexed by Scopus only. In addition, the study collected and analyzed the articles published during 2014 and 2015 in these 6 journals as well as the citations they received in 2016. By comparing the characteristics and publication data of indexed journals and their sister journals, the study aimed to identify the properties of WoS-indexed journals that may be helpful in enhancing international journal publication. The findings from the analysis of data can be summarized as follows: WoS-indexed journals publish more frequently, focus mainly on articles, are authored by researchers from many countries, and have higher quality papers that receive more citations than their non-WoS-indexed sister journals. The study also found higher rates of co-authored papers in WoS indexed journals, which were amplified in LIS journals. This is an important factor to consider for Korean LIS journals that are dominated by singe-author articles when they prepare to be indexed in WoS.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.346-354
• /
• 2006

The full-length cDNA of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was obtained from liver. The grass carp UCP2 cDNA was determined to be 1152 bp in length with an open reading frame that encodes 310 amino acids. Five introns (Intron 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) in the translated region, and partial sequence of Intron 2 in the untranslated region of grass carp UCP2 gene were also obtained. Gene structure comparison between grass carp and mammalian (human and mouse) UCP2 gene shows that, the UCP2 gene structure of grass carp is much similar to that of human and mouse. Partial UCP2 cDNA sequences of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) and mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella), were further determined. Together with the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) UCP2 sequence from GenBank (AJ243486), multiple alignment result shows that the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the UCP2 gene, were highly conserved among the five major Chinese carps that belong to four subfamilies. Using beta-actin as control, the ratio UCP2/beta-actin mRNA (%) was determined to be $149.4{\pm}15.6$ (common carp), $127.4{\pm}22.1$ (mud carp), $96.7{\pm}12.7$ (silver carp), $94.1{\pm}26.8$ (bighead carp) and $63.7{\pm}16.2$ (grass carp). The relative liver UCP2 expression of the five major Chinese carps, shows a close relationship with their food habit: benthos and detrituseating fish (common carp and mud carp) > planktivorious fish (silver carp and bighead carp) > herbivorious fish (grass carp). We suggest that liver UCP2 might be important for Chinese carps to detoxify cyanotoxins and bacteria in debris and plankton food.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.123-127
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted for SNPs in the 5'-regions of estrogen receptor-${\alpha}$ (ESR-${\alpha}$), and association with calving interval (CI), service per conception (SPC) and 305 days milk yield in Hanwoo and Holstein dairy cattle. The genetic improvement was incurred low reproduction performance. The objective of this study was to investigate connections between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of Estrogen receptor-${\alpha}$ (ESR-${\alpha}$) with reproduction performance (calving interval, service per conception, and 305 d milk yield) in Hanwoo and Holstein dairy cattle. Hanwoo and Holstein blood samples were collected from 183 and 124 dam of breeding farms and DNA was extracted. Primer design was based on NCBI GenBank (Accession No. AY340579). The PCR-RFLP method with Bgl I was used to genotype the cattle. The result showed two variants of the ESR-${\alpha}$ gene. The Bgl I cut the 492 bp amplification product into 322 bp and 170 bp fragments for allele G, while allele A remained uncut, resulting in two restriction fragments for homozygote G/G and three fragments for heterozygote A/G. We found two of different genotypes in these breeds, A/G and G/G. In Hanwoo, the A/G genotype frequency was 0.13, and G/G was 0.87. The CI of A/G was $382.18{\pm}10.03$ days, and G/G was $381.69{\pm}5.22$ days. The SPC of A/G was $1.62{\pm}0.16$, and G/G was $1.32{\pm}0.04$. While CI showed no significance difference, SPC exhibited significant difference (p<0.05). In Holstein cattle, the frequency of genotype A/G was 0.02 and G/G was 0.98. The 305 days milk yield of A/G was $7,253.00{\pm}936.00kg$ and of G/G was $8,747.51{\pm}204.88kg$, showing no significant difference.