• 분석과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.412-422
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• 2000

실리콘 웨퍼 산업계의 청정실에서 사용되는 에어샤워기중 고분자로 제작된 부품들을 $100^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 다이나믹 해드 스페이스에서 가스로 용출한 후 GC-MS로 분석 하였다. 에어샤워기가 가동중인 청정실의 대기를 흡착관 튜브방식으로 채취하였고, 이러한 흡착관 튜브에 흡착된 유기화합물은 쏙시렛 용출법을 이용하여 용출한 후 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 에어샤워기의 제조 부품(electric over current relay, acryl plate. polycarbonate window, filter, fan housing, steel galvanized cold plate and canvas buffer)들로 부터의 분석결과 대부분의 성분들은 제조부품의 고분자 성분들에서 유래되었음을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 에어샤워기가 가동중인 청정실의 대기분석 결과와 비교 분석되었다. 이러한 분석결과의 비교 연구는 청정실내에서의 유기오염물질이 에어샤워기의 고분자 제조부품으로부터 유래 되었는지를 확인하게 해준다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2013

An Electronic Nose(E-Nose) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS) are meanwhile conventional technique to analyze volatile materials in many industries (e.g., food, medicine, environment) and have broad acceptance in the analysis of tobacco products. In this study, an experiment where tin oxide gas sensor array responses and GC/MS profiles are used to characterize the volatile compounds of different cigarettes at the same time is performed and the measurements of two instruments are compared for cigarette samples with a known chemical information. E-Nose and GC/MS were employed to differentiate and match flavored cigarettes with commercial tobacco flavoring agents (lavender, vanilla, peppermint, orange, star anise). For verifying reliability of two systems, the analyses were conducted in terms of amount of flavors in each cigarettes using partial least squares (PLS) and with the principal components analysis (PCA). Various chemical sensors and GC/MS data was reduced into two principal factors (PC1, PC2) for being distinguished with visualized regions. Both systems provided adequate results for odor characteristics of cigarettes in this study with each instrument having its own advantages and disadvantages.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.256-264
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• 2001

Pyrolysis/GC-mass spectrometry(Hewlet-Packard 5890GC/mass selective detector, 5971 BMSD), interfaced to a CDS Pyroprobe 1500 was optimized for rapid analysis of flavour compounds in Cheddar cheese. Twenty flavour compounds, including aldehydes(4), ketones(4), fatty acids(10), alcohol(1), and hydrocarbon(1), were identified from Cheddar cheeses. In total, Twenty-three flavour compounds aldehydes(2), ketones(8), alcohols(3), fatty acids(7), lactone(1), benzene derivative(1) and amide(1) were identified from two samples of accelerated-ripened Cheddar cheese treated with the proteolytic enzymes of Lactobacillus casei LGY. In total, Twenty-one flavour compounds; aldehydes(2), ketones(5), alcohols(2), fatty acids(11), and lactone(1) were identified from enzyme-modified cheese(EMC) treated with the combination of the proteolytic enzymes of Lactobacillus casei LGY and commercial endopeptidase or lipase. However, All the flavour compounds identified by pyrolysis/GC/MS in samples of ARC and EMC were not determined whether they are recognized as typical Cheddar flavour or not. More studies were requested on the development of methods for a rapid and convienent analysis of dairy fermented products using pyrolysis/GC-mass spectrometry.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1997

건어물 중의 냄새나는 질소화합물을 증류동시 추출법으로 추출하여 GC-MS로 분석하였다. Amine의 equivalent chain length를 구하여 머무름시간으로부터 탄소수와 차수를 예측할 수 있었다. 새우, 멸치, 북어, 대구, 오징어, 문어, 쥐포, 병어포, 홍합, 조갯살 등 우리 나라에서 많이 식용되는 시료를 분석대상으로 하였다. Dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine 등은 건어물에서 검출되지 않았으나 methylamine, acetamide, thiazole, 2-hydroxy isopropylamine, N-methyl pyrroline, cyclohexylamine 같은 냄새나는 질소화합물들이 GC-MS로 확인되었다. 건어물의 냄새패턴을 식별하기 위하여 GC-MS 피크면적을 자료로 주성분분석을 적용하였다. 주성분분석에 의한 다변량해석은 건어물의 냄새패턴의 유사성과 이질성의 식별에 유익하다는 결론을 얻었다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2001

Analytical method of benzophenone (BP) in sediment and soil was developed by gas chromatography/mass selective detector/selected ion monitoring (GC/MSD/SIM). The ultrasonic extraction of US EPA (method 3550B) method and liquid-liquid extraction for sediment and soil samples were used for the analysis of BP from sediment and soil. BP was extracted with n-hexane. Organic layer was washed with 5% sodium chloride solution. 1∼2 l of the concentrated solution of organic layer was applied to GC/MSD. The retention time of BP peak was 11.10 min. Recovery (％) of BP by ultrasonication from sediment and soil samples was 96.0∼100.6％ and 40.0∼83.0％, respectively. Recovery of BP by liquid-liquid extraction was 51∼59％ in soil samples. The detection limit of BP in sediment and soil samples were determined to 0.1 ng/g.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2015

제주에서 생산된 페퍼민트, 스피아민트, 오데코롱민트 3종으로 부터 추출한 에센셜오일의 성분을 기체 크로마토그래피-질량분석기(GC-MS)와 headspace-GC-MS (HS-GC-MS)를 이용하여 분석하였다. GC-MS 분석결과 페퍼민트, 스피아민트, 오데코롱민트 각각에서 13종의 성분이 동정되었다. 전체 이온 크로마토그램의 피크 intensity를 기초로 보았을 때, 페퍼민트에서는 peperitenone oxide, 스피아민트에서는 carvone과 limonene, 오데코롱민트에서는 linalool이 주 화합물로 동정되었다. HS-GC-MS 분석에서는 GC-MS와 비교하였을 때 alcohol과 acetate와 같은 휘발성이 강한 성분이 많이 검출되었고, 검출되는 성분의 수도 증가하였다. 하지만 스피아민트와 오데코롱민트의 주 화합물은 GC-MS에서 검출된 것과 같았고, 페퍼민트에서만 GC-MS에서 낮은 함량을 보였던 menthol이 주요화합물로 동정되었다. 흥미롭게도, 오데코롱민트 에센셜 오일에서 linalyl acetate와 linalool의 함량이 탁월하게 높음을 확인했다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.278-295
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• 2014

농수산물검사소에서는 빠르고 정확한 잔류농약검사법이 필요하므로 QuEChERS 시료 전처리법과 GC-TOF/MS(가스크로마토그래피 비행시간질량분석기와 GC-ECD(전자포획검출기), GC-NPD(질소인검출기) 기기분석을 이용하여 잔류농약 동시다성분 분석의 가능성을 살펴보았다. GC-TOF/MS에서는 138종의 농약성분을 0.3, $0.5{\mu}g/g$수준으로 상추에 처리 후 회수율 측정을 하였다. 동시다성분 회수율기준 70~130% 범위에 들어오고 표준편차 20% 이내인 농약은 61종이었다. GC-ECD, NPD에서는 145종의 농약성분 중 71종이 적정한 회수율 범위 내에 들었다. 이러한 결과는 일부 농약성분에 대해 QuEChERS 시료 전처리법과 GC-TOF/MS, GC-ECD, NPD를을 이용한 잔류농약 동시다성분분석 방법 적용 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.104-127
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• 2016

본 연구는 사과와 쌀에서 320성분 농약에 대한 다성분 동시분석법을 확립하고자 수행되었다. 시료의 추출은 QuEChERS법을 사용하였고, 추출 후 잔류물은 LC-MS/MS와 GC-MS/MS로 기기분석 하였다. 시험 농약은 LC-MS/MS 251성분, GC-MS/MS 110성분을 선발하였으며, 41성분은 공통적으로 적용되었다. 분석법의 정량한계는 LC-MS/MS에서 $0.01{\sim}20{\mu}g/kg$, GC-MS/MS에서 $0.1{\sim}100{\mu}g/kg$으로 산출되었다. 사과와 쌀에서 회수율 70~120%, 상대표준편차 20% 이내의 조건을 충족한 성분은 LC-MS/MS로 분석한 농약 중 각각 242성분(96%)과 237성분(94%)로 나타났으며, GC-MS/MS로 분석한 농약 중에는 각각 103성분(94%)과 83성분(76%)로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 QuEChERS 전처리와 LC-MS/MS 및 GC-MS/MS를 이용한 분석법은 농산물(사과 및 쌀) 중 잔류농약 다성분 동시 분석에 효과적으로 적용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.348-368
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• 2022

Purpose: Chromosomal instability is a hallmark of gastric cancer (GC). It can be driven by single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in cell cycle genes. We investigated the associations between SNVs in candidate genes, PLK2, PLK3, and ATM, and GC risk and clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: The genotyping study included 542 patients with GC and healthy controls. Generalized linear models were used for the risk and clinicopathological association analyses. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The binding of candidate miRs was analyzed using a luciferase reporter assay. Results: The PLK2 C_rs15009-C_rs963615 haplotype was under-represented in the GC group compared to that in the control group (P_corr=0.050). Male patients with the PLK2 rs963615 CT genotype had a lower risk of GC, whereas female patients had a higher risk (P=0.023; P=0.026). The PLK2 rs963615 CT genotype was associated with the absence of vascular invasion (P=0.012). The PLK3 rs12404160 AA genotype was associated with a higher risk of GC in the male population (P=0.015). The ATM T_rs228589-A_rs189037-G_rs4585 haplotype was associated with a higher risk of GC (P<0.001). The ATM rs228589, rs189037, and rs4585 genotypes TA+AA, AG+GG, and TG+GG were associated with the absence of perineural invasion (P=0.034). In vitro analysis showed that the cancer-associated miR-23b-5p mimic specifically bound to the PLK2 rs15009 G allele (P=0.0097). Moreover, low miR-23b expression predicted longer 10-year survival (P=0.0066) in patients with GC. Conclusions: PLK2, PLK3, and ATM SNVs could potentially be helpful for the prediction of GC risk and clinicopathological features. PLK2 rs15009 affects the binding of miR-23b-5p. MiR-23b-5p expression status could serve as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with GC.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2016

Objectives: Direct-reading instrument(Photoionization detectors, PID) and quantitative analysis using active type air sampling (Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, GC-FID) were tested to evaluate their ability to detect volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in a semiconductor manufacturing plant. Methods: The organic compounds used were acetone and ethanol which are normally used as cleaning solutions in the semiconductor manufacturing. The evaluation was based on the preparation of test solutions of known acetone and ethanol concentration in a chamber($600{\times}600{\times}1150mm$). Samples were prepared that would be equivalent to 5~100 ppm for acetone and 10~ 200 ppm ethanol. GC-FID and PID were evaluated simultaneously. Quantitative analysis was performed after sampling and the direct-reading instrument was checked using real-time data logging. Results: Positive correlations between PID and GC-FID were found for acetone and ethanol at 0.04~2.4% for acetone(TLV: 500 ppm) and 0.1~8.3% for ethanol(TLV: 1000 ppm). When the sampling time was 15 min, concentration of test solution was the most similar between measurement methods. However, the longer the sampling time, the less similar the results. PID and GC-FID had similar exposure patterns. Conclusions: The results indicate that PID and GC-FID have similar exposure pattern and positive correlation for detection of acetone and ethanol. Therefore, PID can be used for exposure monitoring for VOCs in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. This study has significance in that it validates measuring occupational exposure using a portable device.