• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.154-159
• /
• 2014

This study was carried out in order to investigate the early growth and root development characteristics of Atractylodes japonica container seedling. Experiment was performed by light intensity (100%, 60%, 25% and 10% of full sunlight). Height was surveyed well under 25% of full sunlight (overall 11.013.0%). Root collar diameter was the highest in the full sunlight (7.52 mm). It was the highest fresh weight (1.52 g, 0.92 g, 0.90 g and 3.34 g) under 25% of full sunlight, root dry weight was getting higher in the higher light level and the highest in the full sunlight (0.13 g). Total root length, root project area, root surface area and root volume were the highest under 25% of full sunlight (434.7 cm, $17.4cm^2$, $54.7cm^2$, $0.55cm^3$, respectively) and the lowest under 10% of full sunlight. As a result of surveying the whole experiment, A. japonica is judged nicely by maintaining 25% of full sunlight, excepting 10% of full sunlight. And light levels during the early growth are overly important to improve early growth.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제14권7호
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2016

Purpose - Because creativity, which is an intangible resource embedded within the company, can offer a competitive advantage, most companies have an interest in promoting creativity among their employees and division(e.g., marketing organization). Creativity renders a sustainable competitive advantage to a firm because it is a strategic resource that is valuable, flexible, rare, and imperfectly imitable or substitutable. Although most companies broadly recognize the importance of creativity, the methods for developing creativity remain elusive. Therefore, the present study investigates how to structure incentives to motivate employees to be more creative and how to develop tools to facilitate creativity. In detail, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between the regulatory focus of marketing organizations(e.g., promotion focus vs prevention focus) and creativity of marketing organizations. In addition, the present study set out to examine the moderating role of interaction of financial reward and creative training in addition to investigating the direct relationship between creativity and regulatory focus in New Product Development(NPD) context. Research design, data, and methodology - The data used to test the hypotheses are drawn from a survey of full time NPD project members(including project manager, designer, engineer, and marketer). The present study utilized data obtained mainly from a database compiled by the Korea Investors Service-Financial Analysis System which provides comprehensive corporate and financial information on firms listed on the Korea Stock Exchange. A study population comprising 1,000 South Korean firms was obtained from this database. We selected 864 firms from the database, and the firms have experiences of new product development project. We collected a total of 162 responses, for a 18.8% response rate. After we excluded 14 questionnaire because of incomplete responses, a total of 148 questionnaire remained(final response rate: 17.1%). Working with a sample of 148 responses in South Korea, hierarchical moderated regression is employed to test research hypotheses(

The relationship between promotion focus and creativity of marketing organization,

The relationship between prevention focus and creativity of marketing organization,

The moderating effect of joint influences(interaction between financial rewards and creativity training) on the relationship between promotion focus creativity of marketing organization,

The moderating effect of joint influences(interaction between financial rewards and creativity training) on the relationship between prevention focus creativity of marketing organization). SPSS 18.0 and AMOS software were used in the data analysis. Results - The empirical study confirmed that promotion focus of marketing organization is positively related to creativity of marketing organization. Also, prevention focus of marketing organization is positively affected to creativity of marketing organization. In addition, the interaction between financial rewards and creativity training moderated the relationship between regularity focus(e.g.), promotion focus vs prevention focus) and creativity of marketing organization. These results suggest that managers can improve the performances of their creative efforts by providing the use of financial rewards and creativity training in combination. Conclusion - Based on results of this study that examine the effects of regulatory focused creative efforts on creativity of marketing organization, promotion focus is helpful with marketing organizations to enhance their service innovation and performance. Prevention focused organization should allow monetary rewards and creativity training to increase their creativity for innovation of new products.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.274-279
• /
• 2009

잔대 뿌리의 무기질, 아미노산, 지방산, 당류 함량과 항산화 효과에 대해서 조사하였다. 수분, 조단백 조지방, 조회분과 탄수화물은 각각 $3.4{\pm}0.3,\;9.4{\pm}0.1,\;1.6{\pm}0.1,\;3.7{\pm}0.2$와 $81.9{\pm}0.5%$이었다. 무기질 중에 칼륨의 함량이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 총 아미노산 함량은 $103.5{\pm}9.1$ mg/g이었고, 지방산에서 palmitic acid가 가장 많았다. 잔대 뿌리에 함유된 비타민 E와 C는 각각 $1.1{\pm}0.1$과 $5.2{\pm}0.5$ mg/100 g이었다. 잔대 70% 에탄올, 헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올과 물 추출물에서 DPPH 라디칼 소거능의 항산화 효과 결과는 $RC_{50}$값이 265.4, 117.1, 103.7, 104.4, 108.9, 484.1 ${\mu}g$로 나타났다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제7권5호
• /
• pp.186-193
• /
• 1999

In this paper, a full vehicle model is developed to analyze toe and camber changes due to rack height variation and compliance. The AutoDyn7 program developed in G7 project is used for the computer simulation. Steady state cornering test was done to find the understeer gradient. Imposing a pulse steer input, Frequency Response Function(FRF) of yaw rate and lateral accelerations were evaluated. To verify the stability, the rhombus using four parameters is employed. Steer characteristics were evaluated by changing the rack height and the bushing lateral stiffiness. which installed between the low control arm and the chassis.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.54-64
• /
• 2015

모듈러 건축공법은 공장 생산, 운송, 현장설치 프로세스를 통해 기존 현장중심 건축공법에 비해 품질향상 및 공기단축이 가능한 특징을 가지고 있다. 특히 모듈러 유닛의 제작과 시공이 분리되어 수행되기 때문에 다수의 프로젝트가 동시에 수행될 경우 각 프로젝트에 따라 생산해야하는 모듈의 크기, 수량, 납기일, 생산 유형 및 과정을 고려하는 SCM(Supply Chain Management) 관점의 공장 생산 공정 계획 수립이 필요하다. 그러나 현재 모듈러 유닛 공장 생산 계획은 개별 프로젝트 중심으로 수립되고 있어 다중 모듈러 건축 프로젝트 수행 시 모듈러 유닛 제작공장의 한정된 자원과 설치 현장별 프로젝트 요구조건들을 동시에 고려한 공장 생산계획을 도출하는데 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다양한 변수 간 상호 연계성 및 제약조건으로 공정 계획 최적화 결과 도출이 가능한 유전자 알고리즘 방법을 통해 모듈러 유닛 제작공장의 한정된 자원과 설치 현장별 요구사항이 반영된 모듈러 유닛 공장 생산 공정계획 최적화 수립 모델을 제시하며 이를 사례분석을 통해 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 기존 다중프로젝트의 공장생산계획에 비해 평균 7.9%의 현장설치 공기단축 및 43%의 최대 야적장 이용률 감소가 가능하였다. 향후 본 연구 내용을 바탕으로 제약 조건 범위 확장 및 생산성 데이터 추가가 될 경우 다중 모듈러 건축 프로젝트의 모듈러 유닛 공장 생산 계획 수립과 현장시공프로세스 구축을 동시에 지원할 수 있는 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.222-230
• /
• 2005

This article presents a field evaluation of an IP-based architecture for heterogeneous environments that has been developed under the aegis of the Moby Dick project, covering UMTS-like (universal mobile telecommunications system) TD-CDMA (time division-code division multiple access) wireless access technology, wireless and wired LANs. The architecture treats all transmission capabilities as basic physical and data-link layers, and replaces all higher-level tasks by IP-based strategies. The Moby Dick architecture incorporates mobile IPv6, fast handovers, AAA-control (authentication, authorisation, accounting), charging and quality of service (QoS) in an integrated framework. The architecture further allows for optimised control on the radio link layer resources. It has been implemented and tested by expert users, and evaluated by real users on field trials with multiple services available.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
• /
• pp.1381-1383
• /
• 2000

A multi-train operation simulation software is under development, in this G7 Project for a High Speed Train System, to simulate the running performance, power consumption, signalling and operation. In the first stage, a Train Performance Simulation (TPS) software is introduced in this paper. This is a core module of whole system and gives some parameters of a train, e.g., its position, speed traction and braking power and electric power system state, etc. In this paper, calculation technique was used for voltage drop at the train's positions and major posts along the catenary line. The final program will be used as an evaluation tool for system performance in constructing a new line or introducing a new train system.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.515-520
• /
• 2010

The response of broiler chicks to intubation of nutrients (starch, casein, soybean oil or their combinations) into the crop immediately after hatch was evaluated for performance, intestinal development, meat yield and immune competence up to 35 d of age. A control group with no access to feed and two test groups fed either inert material (sawdust) or starter diet for the initial 24 h after hatch were compared with nutrient intubated groups (n = 7). A total of 300 broiler chicks were equally distributed to 10 dietary groups with 6 replicates of 5 chicks each. After 24 h of hatch, all groups were fed ad libitum the starter (0-21 d) and finisher diets (22-35 d). Results indicated that post-hatch intubation of starch into the crop significantly (p${\leq}$0.05) improved body weight (at 14 and 35 d of age), readyto-cook meat yields, weights of breast muscle and small intestine segments, cell-mediated immune response, ND titers and weight of bursa compared to chicks starved or fed sawdust during the initial 24 h after hatch. However, chicks with access to feed immediately after hatch or intubation of starch, soybean oil, starch+casein, starch+soybean oil or starch+casein+soybean oil exhibited similar positive effects. Intubation of casein either alone or in combination with soybean oil was superior to the starved or sawdust fed groups, but inferior to other groups for all the parameters studied. It was concluded from the study that intubation of starch individually or in combination with casein and/or soybean oil effectively circumvented the negative effects of post-hatch starvation for 24 h. Among the nutrients intubated, carbohydrate (starch) was better utilized by the chicks than protein (casein) or fat during the initial post-hatch period.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제22권8호
• /
• pp.1174-1179
• /
• 2009

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of post-hatch feed deprivation on yolk sac utilization andsubsequent performance of young broiler chickens (280) up to 35 days of age. The experimental treatments included access to feed at 8 h intervals after hatch, up to 48 h (0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 or 48 h). Water was offered ad libitum to all the groups immediately after placement. Results indicated that chicks with access to feed immediately after hatch used up the residual yolk more quickly. Access to feed between 8-24 h post-hatch, supported faster utilization of residual yolk compared to those chicks that remained unfed for 40-48 h (p<0.05). Further, deprivation of feed up to 24 h did not alter the lipid and protein contents in residual yolk, but fasting of chicks beyond 24 h (32, 40 and 48 h) led to retention of higher lipid and lower protein content in the yolk sac (p<0.05). At 7 days of age, the weights of proventiculus and gizzard were not affected by feed deprivation up to 48 h. However, the liver, pancreas and jejunum recorded significantly (p<0.05) heavier weights in chicks that were fed during the initial 24 h period compared to delayed feeding (32-48 h). Chicks fed within 24 h after hatch gained significantly (p<0.05) higher weight at 5 weeks of age than those that received feed between 32 and 48 h. Feed deprivation for 48 h was more detrimental to growth than 24-40 h. This study revealed the significance of early posthatch feeding (<24 h) on faster utilization of yolk sac nutrients and optimum development of intestines and organs, culminating in improved weight gain (>10.5%) of broilers at 5 weeks of age.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.1026-1031
• /
• 2009

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of graded levels of butyric acid (butyrate) on performance, gastrointestinal tract health and carcass characteristics in young broiler chickens. Control starter (0-3 wk) and finisher (4-5 wk) diets were formulated to contain 2,900 kcal ME/kg and 22% CP, and 3,000 kcal ME/kg and 20% CP, respectively. Subsequently, four other experimental diets were formulated to contain 0.05% antibiotic (furazolidone) or 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% butyric acid. Each diet was fed at random to 8 replicates of 6 chicks each throughout the experimental period (0-5 wk). The results showed that 0.4% butyrate in the diet was similar to antibiotic in maintaining body weight gain and reducing E. coli numbers but superior for feed conversion ratio. No added advantage on these parameters was obtained by enhancing the concentration of butyrate from 0.4 to 0.6% in the diet. Feed intake and mortality were not influenced by the dietary treatments. A reduction in pH of the upper GI tract (crop, proventiculus and gizzard) was observed by inclusion of butyrate in the diets of broilers compared to either control or antibiotic-fed group. Butyrate at 0.4% was more effective in reducing the pH than 0.2% butyrate. Within the lower GI tract, 0.4 and 0.6% butyrate was effective in lowering pH in the duodenum, but no effect was found in either the jejunum or ileum. The villus length and crypt depth in the duodenum increased significantly in all the butyrate treated diets irrespective of the level tested. Carcass yield was higher and abdominal fat content was lower significantly in all the butyrate treatment groups compared to the control or antibiotic group. From these findings, it is concluded that 0.4% butyric acid supplementation maintained performance, intestinal tract health, and villi development and carcass quality in broiler chickens.