• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.201-206
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• 2002

This study was designed to research the anti-tumor effect of omija (methanol extract(I), malic acid & ethanol extract(II), and water extract (III)) on human liver cancer cell line SNU-398. MTT assay was used in vitro. The longer th\ulcorner exposure time and the higher the concentration of Omija extract, the stronger the anti-tumor effect. When the concentration of (II) was 1,600 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and the exposure time reached 96 hours, The strongest propagation inhibition effect occurred with the viability rate as low as 5.06%. $IC_{50}$/ value was 363 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. Under the condition of 1,600$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and 96 hours, (I) lowered the rate to 7.75%. $IC_{50}$/ value was 489 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. When it was 1,600$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and 72 hours, (III) the rate decreased to 15.97%. $IC_{50}$/ value was 703 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. In all three cases, the viability of the cancer cell decreased significantly when the exposure time ranged between 24 and 48 hours.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.52-58
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• 1970

Concentrations of the total, dissolved and particulate iron in waters of Lake Eui-Am have been determined spectrophotometrically on August 14, 1970. O-phenanthroline was the reagent used. Iron contents of the lake water were varied by the station and depth. Analyses showed variations in the total iron ranging from 238 to 2,643 ${\mu}$g/l (mean value 1,028${\mu}$g/l); the dissolved iron varied from 34.5 to 137.7 ${\mu}$g/l (mean value 83.0${\mu}$g/l), and the particulate iron varied from 179 to 2,544 ${\mu}$g/l (mean value 943 ${\mu}$g/l). Three forms of iron tend to increase with depth. This is believed that the suspended matter plays an important role in regulating of iron contents in summer season.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.75-93
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• 2006

1. Objectives and Methods Sasang Constitutional Medicine is the original Korean Medicine. The purpose of this study was to objectify the diagnosis of Sasang Constitution. 212 Women's sentences were analyzed into 228 factors like Pitch, APQ, Shimmer, Octave and Energy, etc. Women's sentences were classified into 3 categories: total group, under 54 years old group and over 55 years old group. 2. Results 1) In Total group Soyangin's Center feq.(3) was significantly high compared with Taeyangin and Taeumin groups. Taeumin's Pitch2 was significantly high compared with Soeumin and Taeyangin groups. Taeyangin's Pitch S.D. was significantly high compared with Soyangin group. Taeyangin's Octave6 was significantly high compared with Soeumin group. There were no significant differences among constitutional groups in APQ and Shimmer segment. On the point of Energy, Taeyangin's G Tot E(1), G# Tot E(1), G dev.(1), G# dev.(1), G Tot E(2), G# Tot E(2), G dev.(4) and G# dev.(4) were significantly high compared with other groups. Soyangin's A#S.D.(2) was significantly high compared with Taeyangin group. Taeyangin's A#S.D.(3) was significantly high compared with Taeumin group. Taeyangin's F S.D.(5), F# S.D.(5) and Max Average were significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeumin's Peak3 and Peak4 were significantly high compared with Taeyangin group. Taeumin's PeakValue1 was significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeyangin's PeakValue2 was significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeyangin's PeakValue3 and PeakValue5 were significantly high compared with Other groups. 2) In Under 54 years old group, there were no significant differences among constitutional groups in APQ, Shimmer and Octave segment. Taeumin's Center freq.(2) was significantly high compared with Taeyangin and Soyangin groups. Taeumin's Pitch(2) and Pitch(3) were significantly high compared with Taeyangin and Soeumin groups. Taeyangin's and Taeumin's Pitch S.D. were significantly high compared with Soyangin group. Taeyangin's and Soyangin's Octave2 were significantly high compared with Taeumin group. On the point of Energy, Taeyangin's and Soyangin's A# S.D.(2) were significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeyangin's and Soyangin's G# dev.(1), G# dev.(2) were significantly high compared with Taeumin group. Taeyangin's and Taeumin's F# S.D.(3) were significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeyangin's and Soyangin's Max Average were significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeumin's Peak3 was significantly high compared with Taeyangin and Soeumin groups. Taeyangin's and Taeumin's PeakValue2 were significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeyangin's and Soeumin's PeakValue3 were significantly high compared with Taeumin group. Taeyangin's and Soyangin's PeakValue5 were significantly high compared with Soeumin group. Taeyangin's and Soyangin's PeakValue9 were significantly high compared with Taeumin group 3) In Over 55 years old group, there were no significant differences among constitutional groups in Pitch, APQ, and Peak segment. Soeumin's F Shimmer(1) and F Shimmer(2) were significantly high compared with Taeyangin and Taeumin groups. Soeumin's G# Shimmer(1) and G# Shimmer(2) were significantly high compared with Soyangin group. Taeyangin's Octave5 and Octave6 were significantly high compared with Soeumin group. On the point of Energy, Soyangin's C S.D., F# S.D.(1), F# S.D.(2) and G dev.(2) were significantly high compared with other groups. Soyangin's F# S.D.(3) was significantly high compared with Taeumin and Soeumin groups. Taeyangin's and Taeumin's G# S.D.(2) and G# S.D.(3) were significantly high compared with Soyangin group 3. Conclusions From above result, there is the possibility of efficient standard guide for constitution diagnosis by analysis of voice

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.515-521
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• 2020

Recently, data traffic has exploded due to development of various industries, which causes problems about losing of efficiency and overloaded existing networks. To solve these problems, network slicing, which uses a virtualization technology and provides a network optimized for various services, has received a lot of attention. In this paper, we propose a resource allocation method using credit value. In the method using the clustering technology, an operation for selecting a cluster is performed whenever an allocation request for various services occurs. On the other hand, in the proposed method, the credit value is set by using the residual capacity and balancing so that the slice request can be processed without performing the operation required for cluster selection. To prove proposed method, we perform processing time and balancing simulation. As a result, the processing time and the error factor of the proposed method are reduced by about 13.72% and about 7.96% compared with the clustering method.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.204-210
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• 2009

Antioxidative activities of fresh, steamed and black garlics by different processing condition were investigated on the soybean oil. The crushed fresh, steamed and black garlics were added to 100 mL of soybean oil at a level of 0, 5, 10,20 and 40 g respectively, and then the oil mixture containing garlics (reaction samples) were heat-treated for 48 hrs at $180^{\circ}C$. The chromaticity of reaction samples were increased during heating. After 48 hrs heating, in the sample added 40 g/ 100 mL chromaticity of each samples were 1.36, 2.99 and 1.99, in the crushed fresh, steamed and black garlics, respectively. Anisidin value showed irregularly increased during heating. Acid values of reaction samples were higher than control during heating, those levels were ranged from 0.82 to 2.04 mg/g after 12 hrs, were gradually increased to $3.15{\sim}4.30\;mg$/g after 48 hrs. Peroxide value of reaction sample containing black garlic(40 g/ 100 mL) was lower than the samples containing tocopherol or BHT, after 48 hrs heating. TBA value of reaction samples containing fresh, steamed and black garlic of 40 g/ 100 mL were the lowest in the sample added black garlic, after 48 hrs heating. These results suggested that oxidative stability of black garlic in soybean oil was more potential than the other garlics during heating.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2016

The characteristics of the rock cleavage in Jurassic granite from Geochang were analysed. The evaluation for the three directions of rock cleavages was performed using the parameters such as (1) frequency of microcrack spacing(N), (2) total spacing(${\leq}1mm$), (3) mean spacing($S_{mean}$), (4) difference value($S_{mean}-S_{median}$) between mean spacing($S_{mean}$) and median spacing($S_{median}$), (5) density of spacing(${\rho}$), (6) difference value between two exponents for the whole range of the diagrams(${\lambda}_H-{\lambda}_L$), (7) mean value of exponent(${\lambda}_M$), (8) mean value of exponential constant($a_M$), (9) difference value between two exponents for the section under the initial points of intersection(${\lambda}t_H-{\lambda}t_L$), (10) mean value of exponent(${\lambda}t_M$) and (11) mean value of exponential constant($at_M$). The results of correlation analysis between the values of parameters for three rock cleavages and those for three planes are as follows. The values of (I) parameters(1, 2, 7 and 8) and (II) parameters(3, 4 and 5) are in orders of (I) H(hardway, (H1 + H2)/2) < G(grain, (G1 + G2)/2) < R(rift, (R1 + R2)/2) and (II) R < G < H. On the contrary, the values of the above two groups(I~II) of parameters for three planes show reverse orders. Besides, the values of parameter $6({\lambda}_H-{\lambda}_L)$, parameter $9({\lambda}t_H-{\lambda}t_L)$, parameter $10({\lambda}t_M)$ and parameter $11(at_M)$ for three planes are in orders of R(rift plane, (G1 + H2)/2) < H(hardway plane, (R2 + G2)/2) < G(grain plane, (R1 + H2)/2), H < G < R, H < R < G and R < H < G, respectively. The values of the above four parameters for three rock cleavages show the various orders of R < H < G, R < H < G, H < G < R and H < G < R, respectively. Meanwhile, the spacing values equivalent to the initial points of contact and intersection between the two directions of diagrams were derived. The above spacing values for three rock cleavages are in order of rift(R1 and R2) < grain(G1 and G2) < hardway(H1 and H2). The spacing values for three planes are in order of rift plane(G1 and H1) < hardway plane(R2 and G2) < grain plane(R1 and H2). In particular, the intersection angles for three rock cleavages and three planes are in order of rift and rift plane < hardway and hardway plane < grain and grain plane. Consequently, the two diagrams of rift(R1 and R2) and rift plane(G1 and H1) show higher frequency of the point of contact and intersection. These characteristics of change were derived through the general chart for three planes and three rock cleavages. Lastly, the correlation analysis through the values of parameters along with the distribution pattern is useful for discriminating three quarrying planes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.243-252
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• 2007

Effects of alum dosage on the particle growth were investigated by monitoring particle counts in a rapid mixing process. Kaolin was used for turbid water sample and several other chemicals were added to adjust pH and ionic strength. The range of velocity gradient and mixing time applied for rapid mixing were $200{\sim}300sec^{-1}$ and 30~180 sec, respectively. Particle distribution in the synthetic water sample was close to the natural water where their turbidity was same. The number of particles in the range of $10.0{\sim}12.0{\mu}m$ increased rapidly with rapid mixing time at alum dose of 20mg/L, however, the number of $8.0{\sim}9.0{\mu}m$ particles increased at alum dose of 50mg/L. The number of $14.0{\sim}25.0{\mu}m$ particles at alum dose of 20mg/L was 10 times higher than them at alum dose of 50mg/L. Dominant particle growth was monitored at the lower alum dose than the optimum dose from a jar test at an extended rapid mixing time(about 120 sec). The number of $8.0{\sim}14.0{\mu}m$ particles was lower both at a higher alum doses and higher G values. At G value of $200sec^{-1}$ and at alum dose of 10-20mg/L, residual turbidity was lower as the mixing time increased. But at alum dose above 40mg/L and at same G value, lower residual turbidity occurred in a short rapid mixing time. Low residual turbidity at G value of $300sec^{-1}$ occurred both at lower alum doses and at shorter mixing time comparing to the results at G value of $200sec^{-1}$.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.6-9
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• 2002

This study was undertaken to evaluate the automatic decision-making on the rusty root of fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by an image analyzer. Critical value of rusty root of ginseng by image analyzing was the percentage of grey value 0∼148 area (G 148) to the total area of grey value 0∼255. And the discriminant formula of rusty root of ginseng as follows; rusty root of ginseng : 6.68$\times$G(148) +3.74, normal ginseng : 2.86$\times$G(148) +9.96, and fitness rates of this formula were 89.8%. Also, we developed the automatic rusty root of decision-making program. As the result of this study, the automatic decision-making on the rusty root of fresh ginseng by an image analyzer seems to have high possibility.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.618-622
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• 2009

Ripened Rubus coreanus Miquel harvested at Gochang was stored for 8 months at $-20{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, and quality changes were investigated at intervals of 2-3 months. Soluble solid concentration increased slightly, but acidity fell during frozen storage. The lightness (L value) and red color index (a value) of ripened R. coreanus Miquel decreased during storage. The vitamin C and ellagic acid contents were 30.79 mg/100 g and $155.12\;{\mu}g/100\;mg$ mg before storage, respectively, but fell to 17.03 mg/100g and $140.11\;{\mu}g/100\;mg$ after 8 months of storage. However, the total anthocyanin content was 39.45 mg/100 g before storage, and this remained unchanged from 2 to 8 months of storage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.816-824
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the shoot height at which the yield and nutritive value of wormwood (Artemisia montana) is optimized in order to provide information on its potential to support animal production (Experiment 1). A second objective was to determine how the essential oil (EO) concentration in wormwood hay and silage differ (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, Artemisia montana was harvested at five different shoot heights (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm) from triplicate $1.8{\times}1.8m$ plots. Dry matter (DM) yield was measured at each harvest date and the harvested wormwood was botanically separated into leaf, stalk and whole plant fractions and analyzed for chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (DMD). Values for total digestible nutrients (TDN), digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) were subsequently calculated using prediction equations. Dry matter yields of stalk and whole plant increased linearly (p<0.001) and leaf yield increased quadratically (p<0.01) with shoot height, whereas the leaf/stalk ratio decreased linearly (p<0.001). As shoot height increased, there was a linear increase (p<0.001) in leaf DM, ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents and a quadratic increase (p<0.05) in leaf acid detergent fiber (ADF) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) contents, and stalk and whole plant DM (p<0.001), organic matter (OM, p<0.01 and p<0.05), NDF (p<0.001 and 0.05) and NFE (p<0.05) contents. However, there were decreases in leaf crude protein content (CP, quadratic, p<0.001) and stalk and whole plant EE content (linear, p<0.001), CP (quadratic, p<0.05) and ash (quadratic, p<0.05) contents. Digestibility of DM and TDN, and DE and ME value in leaves were not affected by increasing shoot height, but these measures linearly decreased (p<0.001) in stalk and whole plant. In Experiment 2, the hay had higher DM and CP concentrations, but lower EE concentration than the silage. Essential oil (EO) content in wormwood silage (0.49 g/100 g DM) was higher (p<0.05) than that in wormwood hay (0.32 g/100 g DM). Wormwood hay contained 25 essentail oils (EO) including camphor (10.4 g/100 g), 1-borneol (11.6 g/100 g) and caryophyllene oxide (27.7 g/100 g), and wormwood silage had 26 EO constituents including 3-cyclohexen-1-ol (8.1 g/100 g), trans-caryophyllene (8.6 g/100 g) and ${\gamma}$-selinene (16.8 g/100 g). It is concluded that the most ideal shoot height for harvesting wormwood is 60 cm based on the optimization of DM yield and nutritive value. Wormwood silage had a greater quantity and array of EO than wormwood hay.