• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.57 no.4
• /
• pp.324-330
• /
• 2012

In this study, ${\beta}$-carotene concentrations was determined in soybean cultivar according to seed size, usage, seed coat color and cotyledon color as well as the process of seed germination. The total average concentration of ${\beta}$-carotene was $6.6{\mu}g/g$ in soybean seed, $33.3{\mu}g/g$ in soybean sprout. According to seed size, the total ${\beta}$-carotene concentration of soybean was $6.9{\mu}g/g$ in large soybean seed, $6.7{\mu}g/g$ in medium soybean seed, and $6.31{\mu}g/g$ in small soybean seed. In soybean sprout, the total ${\beta}$-carotene concentration was $21.4{\mu}g/g$ in large soybean sprout, $30.5{\mu}g/g$ in medium soybean sprout, and $43.5{\mu}g/g$ in small soybean sprout. According to the utilization of seed, the total ${\beta}$-carotene concentration of soybean seed was $7.2{\mu}g/g$ in cooked with rice soybean seed, $6.1{\mu}g/g$ in paste and curd soybean seed, and $6.3{\mu}g/g$ in sprout soybean seed. In soybean sprout, the total ${\beta}$-carotene concentration was $25.9{\mu}g/g$ in cooked with rice soybean sprout, $32.4{\mu}g/g$ in paste and curd soybean sprout, and $41.9{\mu}g/g$ in sprout soybean sprout. When comparison with seed coat color, the total ${\beta}$-carotene concentration of soybean with brown seed coat ($8.8{\mu}g/g$) was slightly higher than those of soybean with yellow ($6.1{\mu}g/g$). In soybean sprout, the total ${\beta}$-carotene concentration was $21.8{\mu}g/g$ in black seed coat sprout, $38.7{\mu}g/g$ in brown seed coat sprout, $34.1{\mu}g/g$ in green seed coat sprout, $39.5{\mu}g/g$ in yellow seed coat sprout, and $30.5{\mu}g/g$ in mottle seed coat sprout. The results of this study suggested the functional characteristics of soybean through quantitative analysis of ${\beta}$-carotene.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.348-354
• /
• 2004

중국, 수단, 인도 및 파키스탄에서 생산된 참깨(각 10종)의 조지방 함량, 지방산 조성, 세사민, 세사몰린 및 세사미놀 배당체 함량을 측정하여 품질 특성을 평가하였다. 참깨의 조지방 함량은 파키스탄산 42.47 %, 중국산 38.95%, 인도산 34.96% 및 수단산 33.93%로 파키스탄산이 가장 높았으나 지역간에는 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 세사민 함량은 중국산 634.75 mg/100 g seed, 수단산 630.66 mg/100 g seed, 인도산 381.55 mg/100 g seed 및 파키스탄산 401.00 mg/100 g seed으로 중국산이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 세사몰린 함량은 중국산 218.99 mg/100 g seed, 수단산 234.49 mg/100 g seed, 인도산 (185.64 mg/100 g seed) 및 파키스탄산 (127.04 mg/100 g seed)으로 지역간에 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 세사미놀 배당체 함량은 중국산 321.40 mg/100 g seed, 수단산 218.99 mg/100 g seed, 인도산 505.04 mg/100 g seed 및 파키스탄산 342.87 mg/100 g seed로 인도산이 가장 높은 함량이었다. 참깨 핵산 추출물의 전자공여능을 측정한 결과 인도산의 전자공여능이 유의적으로 높았고 파키스탄산 및 중국산순 이었다. 이상의 결과 지역별 참깨 품질 특성에는 유의적인 차이가 있었고 특히 최근에 기능성 성분으로 관심이 집중되고 있는 세사민과 세사몰린 및 세사미놀 배당체는 지역에 따라 현저한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2013

Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design(G-SEED) has been used for environmental friendly building certification since 2002. The certification criteria initialed with multi-residential building and now it expands to 10 criteria for new and existing building types. The purpose of this study is to understand current recognition of G-SEED from the survey of multi-complex residences in newtown. From the general question, 75.2% of responders answered the period of living term between 1~3 years, 58.6% lived in $102.48{\sim}132.23m^2$ residential area and 65.2% owned their residences. The 43.2% of respondents recognized that their residences gained G-SEED certification by G-SEED emblem(31.6%). This is the significant meaning to understand public recognition of G-SEED and how to approach the strategy for raising the G-SEED recognition. The responders expected positive influence for economical value from G-SEED and also 75.3% of responders agreed with that G-SEED would be a decision make to buy and rent their residences. Second, residents responded that the consideration issue for green building is energy & prevention of environmental pollution(27.7%) which carries equal concern in G-SEED criteria category. The result of this survey verifies that the current level recognition of G-SEED of the responder's perspectives still is not well-known but it confirmed they have a positive expectation. Therefore, from this result, G-SEED needs to draw road map with detail plans for developing G-SEED with public participation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 1985

This study was conducted to investigate the dry matter production and distribution ratio of dry matter produced for each of 5 botanical types (Virginia-Small Seed, Virginia-Large Seed, Spanish, Valencia, Shinpung) of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Peanut culture limiting region. The total dry weight increased in order of Virginia-Large seed, Virginia- Small Seed, Shinpung, Spanish, Valencia type. The maximum Crop growth rates (Cmax) were Virginia-Small seed 18.22-23.41 g/㎡/day, Virginia-Large seed 19.61-20.03 g/㎡/day, Shinpung 16.33-19.77 g/㎡/day, Spanish 13.86-16.28 g/㎡/day, Valencia 13.97-16.25g/㎡/day, respectively. LAI showed the high value at vinyl-mulching than non-mulching. In the early filling stage, distribution ratio of dry matter produced showed the highest at the shinpung type than the other types.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2014

To improve environmental problem as globally climate changes, domestic and foreign government have been trying to reduce green gas emitted by all industries. With making the green building certification system that assess the substantiality and energy performance of building, a governments have been using by a way for reducing green gas emitted in building industry. G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy & Environmental Design) developed in Korea have been reinforcing, and a number of projects certifying the G-SEED have been increasing continuously. As a demand of G-SEED certification is rising, a question on the additional cost data as certifying G-SEED is rising. It is because additional cost as getting the certification is important fact for G-SEED level decision and whether getting the certification or not. Therefore, this study analyzed additional construction cost as certifying G-SEED through performance improvement and design change of general office building not to get G-SEED. In conclusion, an additional construction cost ratio of G-SEED projects to the reference building is drawn as certified level; +0.26%, silver level; +2.29%, gold level; +3.89%, and platinum level; +5.48%.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2015

The proper use of the passive and active design elements are important for the realization of green buildings. The G-SEED (Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) has been implemented in Korea to promote green building construction reflecting these design elements. In this paper, evaluation items of G-SEED which related to the passive design were selected. And improvement direction for the G-SEED was proposed through the analysis of the application status of the passive design elements for the G-SEED certified buildings. This results can be used for developing study on the future improvement of the assessment criteria of G-SEED.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
• /
• v.35 no.10
• /
• pp.225-234
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the additional construction cost of G-SEED certification for domestic office building reflecting the latest standard(G-SEED 2016-2), and to derive cost impact by category and level. Therefore, it is intended to provide quantitave cost data according to G-SEED certification at the planning phase of the project, estimate the additional construction cost per level according to G-SEED Certification of similar project to be carried out in the future, and encourage G-SEED certification by supporting the decision of the owners. Method: The Process and method of this study are summarized in five steps, 1) Review of previous research, 2) Selection of target project, 3) Scenario setting by level, 4) Additional construction cost for each evaluation category, 5) Extraction of additional construction cost ratio by level. Result: This paper analyzed the cost impact by deriving the additional construction cost of detailed category for level improvement according to the revised G-SEED certification(G-SEED 2016-2). In conclusion, an additional construction cost(ratio) of G-SEED projects to the reference building is drawn as good level; 157,426,241 KWN(+0.43%), very good level; 321,907,802 KWN(+0.88%), excellent level; 999,371,478 KWN(+2.74%), and outstanding level; 1,467,047,718 KWN(+4.02%).

• Architectural research
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 2018

Given the barriers to implement green building rating systems, Building Information Modeling (BIM) was suggested as an effective solution integrating information into one model and saving substantial time to facilitate certification process. Synergies between BIM and Leadership in Energy and Environment Design (LEED), the most widely used rating system, have been researched for a few decades. This paper demonstrates literature review about the development of integration between BIM and LEED. The research focuses on synergies between BIM and Green Standard for Energy & Environmental Design (G-SEED) in Korea, as one of important strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas emission. The research compares LEED and G-SEED related items based on evaluation contents. The result manifests G-SEED and LEED share many common items in different degrees. Therefore, it is entirely possible for G-SEED and BIM to adapt same developing mode of LEED and BIM. Moreover, the study measures the potential of BIM in application process of G-SEED certification by investigation of credits in LEED and G-SEED can be earned by BIM. The results of paper indicate the documentation support LEED and G-SEED may be prepared directly, semi-directly and indirectly via sustainability analyses software in BIM.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2018

G-SEED's evaluation of existing buildings is an important point because the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of existing buildings are continuously increasing due to the aging of buildings over time. However, as G-SEED certification is concentrated on new buildings and the standards are not yet available, we will make improvements to evaluate the existing buildings of G-SEED. In order to improve G-SEED for EB, two research procedures were carried out. First, LEED EBOM and LEED for NC compare and analyze evaluation items and methods, and LEED EBOM focuses on evaluation of existing buildings. Second, we analyzed the certification evaluation contents of eight domestic LEED EBOM accredited buildings and obtained items that can be applied or need to be applied when revising G-SEED for EB. LEED EBOM is focused on improving the performance and utilization of data that track and manage the energy and environmental effects of building operations. As a result of the case analysis, the evaluation of G-SEED for EB requires quantitative evaluation items such as environmental management of buildings, energy performance status of building, improvement plan and improvement of performance according to tracking value. Although G-SEED for EB is not structured yet and there are few cases of certification, it is expected that quantitative evaluation of existing buildings will be made through continuous research.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.515-519
• /
• 1993

Young goats were fed low quality roughage ad libitum and supplements of insect-damaged Lablab purpureus (var. Highworth) seed fed at approximately 3, 6 or 12 g/kg liveweight (LW), or sweet lupin seed (Lupinus angustifolius var. Uniharvest) fed at 12 g/kg LW. Roughage intake was not changed by 3 or 6 g/kg LW levels of Lablab or by 12 g/kg LW lupin supplement, but was reduced (p<0.05) by 35% by 12 g/kg LW Lablab supplement. Organic matter (OM) digestibility was increased by all supplements, and digestible OM intake was increased by the 6 g/kg LW Lablab and 12 g/kg LW lupin supplements. LW gain and feed conversion ratio were not changed by 3 or 6 g/kg LW Lablab or the 12 g/kg LW lupin, but were reduced (p<0.05) by 12 g/kg LW Lablab supplement. It was concluded that young goats could efficiently utilize supplements of Lablab purpureus seed fed at levels of up to 6 g/kg LW. However, when 12 g/kg of the Lablab seed was fed, poor performance suggested that the goats were adversely affected by anti-nutritional factors which were not neutralized by rumen fermentation.