• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.1260-1266
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• 2001

The effect of protein supplementation, $O_2$ concentration and co-culture on the development of embryos produced by nuclear transfer using cultured cumulus cell was investigated. Recipient oocytes and cumulus cells were obtained from the ovaries of the slaughtered Hanwoo cows. Donor cumulus cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 5% $CO_2$ in air at $38.5^{\circ}C$. The 1 to 6 passages of cumulus cells were isolated and used as donor cells. The in vitro matured oocytes were enucleated and then the isolated donor cells were introduced. One $15{\mu}s$ pulse of 180 volts was applied to induce the fusion between karyoplast and cytoplast. The fused embryos were activated with $10{\mu}M$ calcium ionophore for 5 min and 2 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine for 3 h. To examine the effect of protein supplementation, nuclear transfer (NT) embryos were cultured in one of the following 4 treatments : 1) CR1aa + 3 mg/ml BSA for 7 days ; 2) CR1aa + 10% FBS for 7 days ; 3) CR1aa + 1.5 mg/ml BSA + 5% FBS for 7 days ; and 4) CR1aa + 3 mg/ml BSA for first 3 days and then CR1aa + 1.5 mg/ml BSA + 5% FBS for 4 days. Culture took place at 5% $CO_2$, 5% $O_2$ and 90% $N_2$ at $38.5^{\circ}C$. Although there were no significant differences in cleavage rate among different protein supplements, the rates of blastocyst formation were significantly different. When NT embryos were cultured in the medium supplemented with only BSA, they could develop to only morula not to blastocyst. However, when FBS was supplemented, NT embryos developed to blastocyst stage. In order to investigate the effect of $O_2$ concentration and co-culture, NT embryos were cultured in CR1aa + 1.5 mg/ml BSA + 5% FBS with or without cumulus cell co-culture at an atmosphere of 5% $CO_2$ in air (20% $O_2$) or 5% $CO_2$, 5% $O_2$, 90% $N_2$ (5% $O_2$) at $38.5^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. The percentage of blastocyst development was significantly higher when the NT embryos were cultured at an atmosphere of 5% $O_2$ than that of 20% $O_2$ (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between with and without cumulus cell co-culture at an atmosphere of 5% $O_2$ or 20% $O_2$. Fifty embryos were transferred to 25 recipients and 5 recipients were pregnant at 100 days. From 5 pregnant cows, only one cow was delivered of female twin. In conclusion, the embryos reconstructed by enucleation of metaphase II oocytes and introduction of the cycling and quiescent cumulus donor cells in Hanwoo had developmental potential to term after embryo transfer to recipient cows.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2005

Essential hypertension results from the complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. A C825T polymorphism of the gene encoding G-protein ${\beta}3$ subunit (GNB3), associated with enhanced G-protein coupled signaling and increased $Na^+-H^+$ exchanger, has been implicated in the development of essential hypertension in several human populations, especially in Caucasian population. We examined the disease relevance of this candidate gene by performing an association study in a study group of Korean heritage. Participants comprised 109 essential hypertensives and 109 normotensives, respectively. Genotyping was performed with PCR-BsaJI restriction digestion method. Observed genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all groups. Genotype and allele frequencies did not differ significantly between normotensives and essential hypertensives (P>0.05). However, the serum total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher in subjects with the TT genotype compared to those with the CC or CT genotypes in normotensives of our study subjects (P<0.05). Thus, these results suggest that GNB3/C825T polymorphism might be significantly associated with abnormality in serum lipid metabolism.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.511-513
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• 1990

$11{\alpha}$-hydroxyprogesterone hemisuccinate-BSA를 항원으로 하여 항원량을 $50{\mu}g/head$ 및 $100{\mu}g/head$의 2 group(세마리씩)으로 나누어 BALB/c mouse에 면역첩종한 결과 후자에서 항체가의 상송이 확인되었다. 이와 동시에 항원($20{\mu}g$)과 adjuvant의 비율을 1:9로 하여 장기 접종한 결과는 $100{\mu}g$투여시 보다 항체가가 낮았다. 항체가가 확인된 clone의 culture에 의해 progesterone 단일크론 hybridoma를 생산해 이의 supernatant에 대한 분석을 실시한 결과 immunoglobulin class는 IgM이었다. progesterone 이외의 다른 steroids와의 교차반응은 매우 낮았다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.356-361
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• 1997

광섬유 소산파 센서(fiber-optic evanescent wave sensor)를 제작하였다. 클래드층을 제거한 광섬유 코아 표면에 anti-mouse immunoglobulin G(IgG)를 결합시키고, 형광이 표지된 mouse IgG와의 반응을 직접적인 방법과 경쟁적인 방법을 통하여 측정하였다. 직접적인 방법과 경쟁적인 방법 모두 $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$이하의 mouse IgG를 측정할 수 있는 감도를 얻을 수 있었다. Anti-mouse IgG는 단순 흡착 방법에 의하여 광섬유 코아 표면의 93.9%에 고정되었고 비특이적 결합반응을 제거하기 위하여 실시한 소혈청 알부민(bovine serum albumin : BSA)을 이용한 표면 코팅 효과는 없었다. Mouse IgG에 결합된 fluorescein의 비율이 높을수록 형광 발생량이 많았으나 관계는 직선적이지 않았다. 본 연구에서 제작된 광섬유 소산파 센서는 $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 이하의 항원 항체 반응을 소산파 여기에 의한 형광량으로 측정할 수 있어 면역센서로의 응용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.732-736
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• 2002

더덕열수추출물의 면역증강효과를 조사하였다. 더덕열수추출물을 1에서 $25\;{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 첨가했을 때 BSA로 면역된 마우스의 림파절 세포는 무첨가군에 비해 2.8에서 11.2배의 세포증식 효과를 나타냈다. 더덕열수추출물은 인삼열수추출물보다 증식효과가 높게 나타났으며, 면역증강효과가 알려진 B. adolescentis M101-4 와는 유사한 정도의 효과를 보였다. 비장 및 Peyer's patch 세포에 대해서는 1에서 $25\;{\mu}g/mL$의 더덕열수추출물을 첨가했을 때 각각 4.2에서 13.8배, 3.1에서 6.9배의 증식효과를 나타냈다. 더덕열수추출물은 또한 RAW 264.7 세포주에 의한 $TNF-{\alpha}$ 나 IL-6 같은 사이토카인 생산을 자극하였다. RAW 264.7 세포를 lipopolysaccharide로 자극했을 경우, $TNF-{\alpha}$ 및 IL-6는 무첨가군에 비해 별다른 증진효과를 나타내지 않았으나, 자극하지 않은 RAW 264.7 세포에 대해서는 $TNF-{\alpha}$는 12.6에서 67.8배, Il-6는 2.8에서 10.1배 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 더덕열수추출물을 이용하여 노화 및 질병에 따라 수반되는 면역력 감소를 방지하는 기능성식품 및 신소재로의 개발이 기대된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.430-435
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• 1994

In order to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for zearalenone (ZEA) in corn, we produced antisera by immunizing rabbits with ZEA-6'-carboxymethyloxime-BSA, purified polyclonal anti ZEA antibodies, and subsequently established a competitive indirect ELISA. The antibodies showed low cross-reactivity of 9.6~1.4% against ZEA analogues such as $\alpha$-zearalenol, $\beta$-zearalenol, $\alpha$-zearalanol, and $\beta$-zearalanol. From the standard curve of the ELISA for ZEA in corn, the detection range was found to be 0.3~1, 000 ng/ml. When artificially contaminated corns were assayed by the ELISA, the average recovery of ZEA spiked to 30~1, 000 ng/g was 109% (96~123%), although that of ZEA spiked to 10 ng/g was somewhat high (258%). The average coefficient of variation (CV) of the recovery was 18.0% (0.9~28.3%). When 9 corn samples naturally contaminated were assayed 3 times, the average CV of the determinitions was 27.7% (9.3~52.4%). Therefore, the ELISA was elucidated to be a practical tool for the detection of ZEA of 30 ng/g and more from corn.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.630-635
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• 1996

For a survey of the occurrence of aflatoxin M$_{1}$ (AFM$_{1}$) in domestic cow's milk, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system, and quantitated the toxin in cow's milk. In order to produce specific antibodies AFM, conjugated to bovine serum albumin (AFM$_{1}$-BSA) and Freund's adjuvant were immunized subcutaneously to rabbits. By use of the antiserum showing the highest titer and AFB$_{1}$-HRP conjugate, we established a competitive direct ELISA (cdELISA) for AFM$_{1}$, whose detection limit was 0.003 ppb. The cross-reactivities of the antiserum against aflatoxin M$_{1}$ M$_{2}$, B$_{1}$, B$_{2}$, G$_{1}$, G$_{2}$, B$_{2a}$, and G$_{2a}$, were 100, 29.9, 25.0, 2.7, 13.0, 0.65, 0, and 0%, respectively. When the cdELISA was applied to the cow's milk spiked with AFM$_{1}$ and followed by cleanup with C$_{18}$ cartridge, the mean recovery of the assay was 104% (mean of CV, 6.4%) in the final concentration of 0.01-1 ppb (10-1, 000 ppt). When cow's milk samples gathered from markets and farms were assayed by the cdELISA, the mean concentration and SD of AFM$_{1}$ was 80.4 $\pm$ 55.0 ppt (n=64; range, 5.6-280 ppt).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.248-251
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• 1982

3가지 단백질과 CBG250과의 반응에 의해서 생성되는 복합체(複合體)의 분광학적(分光學的) 성질(性質)과 결합당량(結合當量)을 측정(測定)하였다. CBG250은 사용한 몇 가지 용매(溶媒)에 따라 최대흡광파장(最大吸光波長)$({\lambda}_m)$이 이동(移動)하였으며, ethanol용액 중 $({\lambda}_m=610nm)$에서 흡광계수(吸光係數)는 82.4, 몰 흡광계수(吸光係數)는 $70.4{\times}10^3$이었다. CBG250은 ethanol―인산(燐酸)―수용액(水溶液)에서 갈색$({\lambda}_m=465nm)$을 가지나 일단 단백질과 결합하면 청색(靑色)$({\lambda}_m=590nm)$으로 변환되었으며, 파장(波長) 590nm에서의 흡광도(吸光度)와 단백질 함량(含量) 사이에는 제한된 범위에서 비례관계를 나타냈다. 반응조건에서 단백질과 CBG250은 신속하게 복합체(複合體)를 형성하였다. 단백질의 CBG250에 대한 결합당량(結合當量)은 단백질의 종류(種類)와 함량(含量)에 따라 현저하게 변하였다. BSA, Cytochrome C, ${\gamma}-globulin$의 그것은 각각 110, 103, $88{\mu}g\;$CBG250/100{\mu}g$ protein이었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.269-276
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• 1992

Studies were carried out to find the freezing media which gives no ice crystals in single(glycerol, ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)) and mixture solutions(glycerol＋propylene glycol, glycerol＋ethylene glycol) of permeable cryoprotectants in vitrification solution and to study effects of VS on the survival of vitrified mouse morulae. The results are summarized as follows: 1. In toxicity test of permeable cryoprotectants, 30% glycerol of single solution showed the highest FDA-score(4.1) in mouse morulae frozen compared among other single solutions. The FDA-score(4.1) of 30% glycerol was higher than 30% ethylene glycol(3.6) and DMSO(1.4( (P<0.05). 2. 20, 30 or 40% single solution of permeable cryoprotectants containing m-PBS with 10% sucrose and 20% BSA was not crystallized during cooling, but crystallized during warming. However, the 30% mixture solution of the two permeable cryoprotectants was not crystallized both during cooling and warming.3. When mouse morulae were frozen in 30% mixture solutions of two permeable cryoprotectants(glycerol and propylene glycol, glycerol and ethylene glycol), highest FDA-score(4.5) was obtained in a mixture solution of 20% glycerol and 10% ethylene glycol(20G10E) than other 30% mixture solutions(10G20E, 15G15E, 20G10P, 15G15P, 10G20P) and there was significant difference between 20G10E and 10G20E(P<0.05).

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.123-131
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• 1994

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was developed for the detection of residual gentamicin(GM) in edible animal products. The immunogen(GM-KLH conjugate) and coating antigen(GM-BSA conjugate) were prepared by coupling GM sulfate to keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH) and bovine serum albumin(BSA) in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, respectively. Polyclonal antibody to GM was produced in rabbits(New Zealand White, female) by using the immunogen and the antibody titer was measured by indirect ELISA. A competitive ELISA was developed using GM-bovine serum albumin conjugate as a coating antigen, GM(as standards or sample), polyclonal antibody to GM, secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase as an enzyme, and H2O2 and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride as a substrate and a chromophore, respectively. The detection limit of GM was 10 ng/ml and the standard curve of GM(n=26) was linear up to 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in this competitive ELISA system. There were no cross-reactivities of the partially purified antibody between GM and the various antibiotice such as amikacin, benzyl-penicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, furazlidone, kanamycin, neomycin, oleandomycin, streptomycin, sulfathiazole and thiamphenicol(CR50<0.05%)