• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.3-10
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• 2017

This research investigated the cross-modal correspondence between the turbidity and taste of beverages. For an empirical study, we employed two types of achromatic beverages: rice wine and a soft drink. The turbidity of each drink varied between 0.0625~32 g/L, and 0.0078~4 g/L, respectively, and the stimuli were prepared in ten levels according to cognitive turbidity. In the study, participants (N=35) rated each drink stimulus using a 3-point Likert scale with regard to five basic tastes: sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and preferred. In addition, six specific tastes were included that deliberately describe rice wine and the soft drink. Three were yeasty, alcoholic, and astringent for the rice wine, and the other three were creamy, bubbly, and syrupy for the soft drink. Based on participants' assessments, the turbidity of rice wine is highly positively correlated with all five basic tastes. In contrast, the turbidity of the soft drink was positively correlated with sour only. Concerning preference, the most preferred turbidity of rice wine was 4.6~20 g/L, which is close to the turbidity of existing products on the market. Furthermore, except for astringent and syrupy, all tastes were influenced by the turbidity, which implies the potential of turbidity as a new visual parameter to communicate the taste experience of beverages.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.23-30
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• 2022

The weight of an object is an important research topic in terms of sense, and objects have size-weight, color-weight, and material-weight illusions due to the influence of size, color, and material and the weight of the object. Although temperature is a very important environmental factor in our daily life, there is a dearth of studies on how the temperature of an object affects its perceived weight. This study analyzed the effect of an object's temperature on the perceived weight. A stainless steel cup, in which weight and temperature are easily adjustable, was selected as a perceived weight measurement object; 5 temperature levels (0, 9, 20, 40, 70 degrees) and 2 weight levels (250, 400 g) were set. A total of 40 healthy men and women in their 20s participated in the experiment. The weight of the given cup compared to the reference cup was evaluated according to the modulus method. The study revealed that both temperature and weight significantly affected the perceived weight. The effect of temperature on the weight was different depending on the weight of the object. When the cup's weight was small (250 g), the temperature of the cup did not affect the weight. However, the perceived weight of a large cup (400 g) increased at a low temperature. This result suggests that the effect of temperature on the weight of an object depends on the size-weight illusion.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.211-215
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• 1997

Experiments were performed to find out the proper conditions of diluents for the short-tenn storage of sperm of black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli. For milt collection, brood stock was reared in a recirculating seawater system. The following results indicated that short-term storage methods with fresh condition could tie employed in black seabream sperm. When the black seabream's serum was used as a diluent for the fresh storage, sperm activity index (SAI), fertilization rate and survival rate derived the best result in $7\~10\;days$ of storage. pH 7 and 8 showed the highest SAI in the same storage condition. In order to keep high SAI and survival rate of the sperm, addition of 800 ppm neomycine into the diluent revealed the best storage results.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.17-27
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• 2012

Purpose: This research was for understanding the attitudinal difference by gender towards emotional design through questionnaire survey with female and male inpatients on environmental characteristics of wards in general hospitals. Methods: The survey was conducted by questioning inpatients at two general hospitals on the importance rating on emotional design elements of patient rooms, lounges, and hallways. Eighty questionnaires were returned and used for data analyses through SPSS windows version 15.0 statistic package program. Results: 1) In general, female patients considered emotional design of wards as more important than male patients and the most outstanding difference was indicated for patient rooms among patient rooms, lounges, and hallways. For patient rooms the comfortability index was rated as the most important to both female and male inpatient groups, and for lounges and hallways the safety index was evaluated as the most important to both gender groups. 2)For lounges, while male patients rated 'prevention of infection' important among safety relating items, women considered 'accident prevention' more important. It is inferred that female patients have more safety needs and anxiety about physical injury or accidents than male ones do. Implications: It is considered that there need to be further succeeding in-depth studies, e.g. research interviews with inpatient;s family members or other caregivers as well as patients themselves.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.231-238
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• 2001

Frontal (F3, F4) EEG responses were analyzed and compared during exposure too slides of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in the study on 42 students. EEG responses during 20 s of exposure to slides intended to elicit happiness (nurturant and erotic), sadness, disgust, surprise, fear or anger emotions were quite similar and were exhibited in theta increase, alpha-blocking and increased beta activity, and frontal asymmetry. However, particular emotions demonstrated variations of the EEG response profiles, enabling to differentiate some pairs of emotions. The profiles showed higher magnitudes of EEG responses in exciting (i.e., erotic happiness) emotion. The most different pairs were exciting -sadness (theta, alpha and alpha asymmetry), exciting-surprise (theta, alpha asymmetry), and exciting-fear (theta, F3 alpha, alpha asymmetry). Nurturant happiness yielded the least differentiation. Differences were found as well within negative emotions, e.g., anger-sadness were differentiated by theta asymmetry, while disgust-fear by beta asymmetry. Obtained results suggest that magnitudes of profiles of EEG variables differentiate emotions elicited by affective pictures.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-48
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• 2002

This research aimed to (1) study the possibility of DMDI (i.e. ; digitalwear based on motion-detective input technology) as apparel product in young market, (2) to develop appropriate design of DMDI. In part I of this research, a deth-interview method developed on the assumption of design ethnography, and domain analysis were applied to analyze the consumers'latent demands and needs related to DMDI. Based on the result of analysis, the seven feasible applications and six design directions for DMDI were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.1 s.149
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• pp.83-93
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship among subjective textures, sensibilities and objective handle of knit fabrics and to provide useful information in planning and designing knit fabrics. We made 20 plain knit fabrics, as specimens, with a combination of 5 kinds of wool/rayon fiber contents and 4 kinds of stitch loop length. For the subjective evaluation, we used 29 questions of subjective textures and sensibilities and employed statistical analysis tools such as factor, Pearson's correlation analysis. An objective handle was measured by Kawabata evaluation system and HV and THV was calculated by KN-402-KT and KN-301-winter. The analysis of a Pearson's correlation with objective properties and handles and structural properties of knit fabrics demonstrated a highly linear relationship. Especially, wool/rayon contents and WT of tensile properties and loop stitch length and G of shear properties showed a correlation coefficient over 0.9. But a relationship of objective properties and subjective textures and sensibilities was non-linear and a linear multi-regression analysis showed that a objective handle had a lower prediction power in the area of subjective textures and sensibilities.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate consumer evaluation on visual sensibility of stripe pattern shirts for separation coloration. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of clothing stimuli and response scales. The clothing stimuli were 27 color pictures, in which separation color(white: W, gray: G, black: B), separation width(small: S, medium: M, large: L), and combination color(magenta and yellow: MY, magenta and cyan: MC, yellow and cyan: YC) were manipulated. The subjects of this research were female in their 20s to 30s living in Seoul, Gwangju, Daegu, Busan, and Changwon. The investigation was carried out at December 2013. The data were analyzed by using SPSS program. Analysis methods were factor analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan-test. Results of this study were as follow.; The factors of visual sensibility according to separation color, separation width, and combination color consisted of four dimensions of attractiveness, appeal, individuality freshness, and grace. Separation color showed an independent effect on appeal and individuality freshness. Combination color showed an independent effect on individuality freshness. Interaction effects of separation color and separation width on appeal were found. Interaction effects of separation color and combination color on individuality freshness and grace were found. The study results are highly expected to be used as useful sources in a fashion product.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.181-184
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 시각자극에 의하여 안구 운동 시 뇌의 학습, 인지, 집중력을 활성화시키기 위하여 무한대 회로($\infty$)를 이용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 뇌파 유도를 하기 위한 무한대 회로($\infty$)는 LED 모양을 하고 있으며 이것을 실행시키기 위하여 LabView 프로그램을 사용하였다. 시각자극을 제시하기 위하여 LED의 수를 각각 26, 51, 101개로 구분하였고 점멸 시간은 50, 150, 250㎳로 하였다. 시각 자극 제시 조건의 변화에 의하여 유도되는 뇌파를 Fz, Cz, Pz, Fpl, O1, O2 부위에서 측정한 결과 LED의 수가 적고 점멸 시간이 길어질수록 $\beta$파의 비율이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이 결과는 LED의 점멸 움직임의 불연속적인 요인에 의하여 $\beta$파의 비율이 증가했을 것이라 생각한다. 본 연구를 통하여 얻어진 결론을 역이용하여 원하는 뇌파를 유도할 수 있는 시각 제시 방법이 완성되어 진다면, 이는 뇌기능 장애 환자의 재활이나 학습 장애의 아동에게 있어 효과적인 방법이 될 것이다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2000

Autonomic and EEG responses were analyzed in 32 college students exposed to visual stimulation with Korean Affective Picture System (KAPS) and 36 students exposed to the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Cardiac, electrodermal, and electrocortical measures were recorded during 30 sec of viewing affective pictures. The slides intended to elicit basic emotions (fear, anger, surprise, disgust, and sadness) were presented to subjects via Kodak slide-projector. The aim of the study was to differentiate autonomic and EEG responses associated with the same negative valence emotions elicited by KAPS and IAPS stimulation and to identify the influence of cultural relevance on physiological reactivity. The analysis of obtained results revealed significant differences in physiological responsiveness to emotionally negative valence slides from KAPS and IAPS. The typical response profile for all emotions elicited by the KAPS included HR acceleration (except surprise), and increase of electrodermal activity, slow and fast alpha blocking and fast beta power increase in EEG, which was not associated with significant asymmetry (except fast alpha in sadness). Stimulation with the IAPS evoked HR deceleration, specific electrodermal responses with relatively high tonic electrodermal activation, alpha-blocking and fast beta increase, and was accompanied also by theta power increase and marked frontal asymmetry (e.g., fast beta, theta asymmetries in sadness, fast alpha in fear). Physiological responses to fear and anger-eliciting slides from the IAPS were significantly less profound and were accompanied by autonomic and EEG changes more typical for attention rather than negative affect. Higher cardiovascular and electrodermal reactivity to fear emotion observed in the KAPS, e.g., as compared to data with the IAPS as stimuli, can be explained by cultural relevance and higher effectiveness of the KAPS in producing certain emotions such as fear in Koreans.