• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 1987

경기도 농촌진흥원에서 분양받은 녹두종자와 녹두 시험포의 뿌리 및 재배토양에서 Fusarium oxysporum, F. monitiforme, F. solani, F. equiseti, F. semitectum 및 F. sporotrichioides가 검출되었다. 종자를 대형 Petridish에서 발아시킨 유묘검정에서는 $7\%$, 자엽 및 배에서도 $2\%$의 감염율을 나타냈다. 녹두 종자에서 분리한 F. moniliforme, F. semitectum, F. equiseti 및 F. sporotrichioides를 Water-agar에서 병원성을 검정한 결과 모든 균주에서 병원성이 인정되었다. 이병근에서 F. oxysporum과 F. solani가 분리되었고, 이들의 병원성을 검정한 결과 Water-agar에서는 병원성이 인정되었으나 병원균접종토양에서는 약하게 나타났다. 재배토양에서는 F. oxysporum, F. solani 및 F. equiseti가 분리되었는데 이들도 Water-agar에서 병원성이 인정되었다. 병원균접종토양에서는 F. oxysporum과 F. equiseti는 병원성이 인정되었으나 F. solani는 병원성이 약하게 나타났다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2022

Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium species is a major problem affecting cultivated cucurbit plants worldwide. Fusarium species are well-known soil-borne pathogenic fungi that cause Fusarium wilt disease in several cucurbit plants. In this study, we aimed to identify and classify pathogenic Fusarium species from cultivated Korean cucurbit plants, specifically watermelon and cucumber. Thirty-six Fusarium isolates from different regions of Korea were obtained from the National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Science Germplasm collection. Each isolate was morphologically and molecularly identified using an internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA, elongation factor-1α, and the beta-tubulin gene marker sequence. Fusarium species that infect the cucurbit plant family could be divided into three groups: Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), Fusarium solani (F. solani), and Fusarium equiseti (F. equieti). Among the 36 isolates examined, six were non-pathogenic (F. equiseti: 15-127, F. oxysporum: 14-129, 17-557, 17-559, 18-369, F. solani: 12-155), whereas 30 isolates were pathogenic. Five of the F. solani isolates (11-117, 14-130, 17-554, 17-555, 17-556) were found to be highly pathogenic to both watermelon and cucumber plants, posing a great threat to cucurbit production in Korea. The identification of several isolates of F. equiseti and F. oxysporum, which are both highly pathogenic to bottle gourd, may indicate waning resistance to Fusarium species infection.

• Mycobiology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.242-248
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• 2008

The present study was undertaken to explore the inhibitory effect of cyanobacterial extracts of Nostoc commune FA-103 against the tomato-wilt pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. In an optimal medium, cell growth, antifungal activity, and antifungal compound production could be increased 2.7-fold, 4.1-fold, and 13.4-fold, respectively. A crude algal extract had a similar effect as mancozeb at the recommended dose, both in laboratory and pot tests. In vitro and in vivo fungal growth, spore sporulation and fungal infection of wilt pathogen in tomato seeds were significantly inhibited by cyanobacterial extracts. Nostoc commune FA-103 extracts have potential for the suppression of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2008

경기도내 주요 상추 시설재배지에서의 Fusarium 시들음병 발생을 2006년과 2007년에 걸쳐 조사한 결과 3월부터 11월까지 발생하였으며, 특히 여름철에 발병주율이 크게 증가하였다. 발병된 상추는 잎이 황화되고 포기 전체가 위축되는 증상을 보였고, 줄기 부위에 뚜렷한 도관부 갈변 증상이 관찰되었다. 시들음증상을 나타내는 상추 줄기에서 Fusarium균을 분리하였고, 균학적 특징을 분석했을 때 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae로 동정되었다. 분리된 F. oxysporum을 토양에 접종한 결과 뿌리를 통해 쉽게 균사가 침입하였고, 점차 도관부를 통해 전체 줄기로 진전되었으며, 뿌리 주변에서 후막포자를 형성하였다. 병 발생이 높은 하우스의 토양 내 Fusarium균의 밀도는 건전 또는 병 발생이 낮은 토양보다 밀도가 높고, 병 발생을 일으키는 최소 병원균 밀도는 $10^3$cfu/g 이상으로 추정하였다. 병원균에 대하여 '선풍'과 '미풍포찹' 품종이 가장 감수성이었고, '미홍적축면'과 '진자축면'이 중도저항성 이었으며, 발병은 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 더 빨리 진전되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.600-613
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• 2023

Fusarium oxysporum is the main pathogen causing Fusarium basal rot in onion (Allium cepa L.), which incurs significant yield losses before and after harvest. Among management strategies, biological control is an environmentally safe and sustainable alternative to chemical control. In this study, we isolated and screened bacteria for antifungal activity against the basal rot pathogen F. oxysporum. Isolates 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, 23-055, and 23-056 significantly inhibited F. oxysporum mycelial growth and conidial germination. Isolates 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, and 23-056 suppressed the development of Fusarium basal rot in both onion seedlings and bulbs in pot and spray inoculation assays. Isolate 23-055 was effective in onion seedlings but exhibited weak inhibitory effect on onion bulbs. Based on analyses of the 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences together with morphological analysis, isolates 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, and 23-055 were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, and isolate 23-056 as Bacillus toyonensis. All five bacterial isolates exhibited cellulolytic, proteolytic, and phosphate-solubilizing activity, which may contribute to their antagonistic activity against onion basal rot disease. Taken together B. thuringiensis 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, and 23-055 and B. toyonensis 23-056 have potential for the biological control of Fusarium basal rot in onion.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.102-105
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• 2005

Severe wilt disease epidemic was found on winter daphnes (Daphne odora Thunb.) cultivated in farmers, nurseries in Suncheon, Jeonnam in 2003. Typical symptoms appeared on the leaves of winter daphne as yellowish wilts and turned brown from the lower leaves on the same plant. Severely infected leaves were defoliated, resulting in blight of stems and eventual death of the entire plant. Black decayed vascular tissues were distinctly observed in a wilted plant. Fusarium sp. was isolated from the diseased plants repeatedly and its pathogenicity was confirmed by artificial inoculation on healthy plants. The fungus was identified as Fusarium oxysporum on the basis of the morphological and cultural characteristics on potato dextrose agar and carnation leaf agar. The optimum temperature for fungal growth was around $25{\circ}C$ and the fungal growth was inhibited by metconazole, triflumizole and trifloxystrobin on potato dextrose agar. This is the first report on the wilt disease of winter daphnes caused by F.oxysporum in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.390-395
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• 2011

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum has become a serious problem world-wide and relies heavily on chemical fungicides. We selected Pseudomonas sp. NJ134 to develop an effective biocontrol strategy. This strain shows strong antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum. Biochemical analyses of ethyl-acetate extracts of NJ134 culture filtrates showed that 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) was the major compound inhibiting in vitro growth of F. oxysporum. DAPG production was greatly enhanced in the NJ134 strain by adding mannitol to the growth media, and in vitro antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum increased. Bioformulations developed from growth of NJ134 in sterile bean media with mannitol as the carbon source under plastic bags resulted in effective biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium wilt. The efficacy of the bioformulated product depended on the carbon source and dose. Mannitol amendment in the bean-based formulation showed strong effective biocontrol against tomato Fusarium wilt through increased DAPG levels and a higher cell density compared to that in a glucose-amended formulation. These results suggest that this bioformulated product could be a new effective biocontrol system to control Fusarium wilt in the field.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.156-160
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• 2002

Cymbidium orchids with blight and rot symptoms were collected, and a total of 63 isolates of Fusarium app. was obtained from pseudobulbs, roots, and leaves of the diseased plants. The isolates were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Out of the 63 isolates of Fusatium sup., 51 isolates were identified as F. oxysporum, 10 isolates as F. solani, and the rest as F. proliferatum. F. oxysporum was isolated from all the Cymbidium spp., while F. solani and F. proliferatum were isolated only from Cymbidium ensifolium and C. ginatum, respectively. Isolates of the three Fusarium spp. were tested for pathogenicity to their hosts by artificial inoculation. The strongly pathogenic isolates of Fusarium spp. induced severe dry rot of pseudobulbs and roots of the host plants. The symptoms progressed up to the basal part of the leaves, which later caused blight of the entire plant. The dry root symptoms induced on the plants by artificial inoculation with the isolates of Fusarium app. were similar to those observed in the growers'greenhouses. This is the first report of dry rot of Cymbidium spp. caused by F. oxysporum, F. solani, and F. proliferatum in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.290-294
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• 2001

Forty(40) isolates of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from wilting tomato plants at Buyeo of Korea in 1997 were inoculated to four tomato cultivars (Ponderosa, Okitsu 3, Walter, and Zuiken) to examine pathogenic reactions. Isolation rates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) races 1 and 2, and F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici(FORL) were 3.5%, 24.5%, and 57.5%, respectively. Mycelial growth on potato-dextrose agar at different temperature for the three pathogens was $26^{\circ}$. In the pathogenicity tests, however, the range of optimum temperature for disease development for FORL was between 15 and $20^{\circ}$, while that for races 1 and 2 of FOL were specifically pathogenic to tomato only. This suggests that host ranges of FORL and FOL differ significantly.

• 식물병연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.94-97
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• 2019

육묘장에서 파프리카 유묘의 줄기와 뿌리가 갈변하고 잎이 시드는 증상이 나타났으며 병든 어린 식물체는 묘판에 서있지 못하고 쓰러졌다. 파프리카 줄기와 뿌리의 감염 부위에서 곰팡이 단포자 균주를 획득하였다. 분리 균주를 carnation leaf agar에 배양하여 균학적 특성을 관찰한 결과, 대형분생포자는 약간 굽은 낫 모양으로 무색이고 $18-26{\times}3-5{\mu}m$이며 1-3개의 격벽이 있었다. 소형분생포자는 타원형으로 무색이고 $6-10{\times}2-4{\mu}m$이며 격벽이 없었다. 후벽포자는 원형으로 $7-12{\mu}m$이며 균사의 끝이나 중간에 형성되었다. 균주의 포자현탁액을 파프리카 종자와 유묘에 접종하여 병원성을 검정한 결과, 이 병원균은 종자의 발아를 억제하는 영향을 주었으며 유묘에는 잘록병 증상이 나타났다. 병든 파프리카 유묘에서 분리한 균주의 형태적 특성을 비롯하여 TEF 및 RPB1 유전자 염기서열 분석을 통해 원인균을 Fusarium oxysporum으로 동정하였으며, 파프리카 잘록병으로 명명하여 국내 처음으로 보고하고자 한다.