• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2010

To determine the optimal isolation conditions of the entomopathogenic fungi from soil, we compared their growth characteristics with non-entomopathogenic fungi on agar media containing various concentrations of cooper (II) chloride ($CuCl_2$) or dodine. The result showed that dodine medium is more selective, and the optimal concentration of dodine is determined with $50{\mu}g$/ml. We could isolate several putative entomopathogenic fungi from soil using this, and identify them using ITS analysis. As a result, 64% fungi were identified as typical entomopathogenic fungi. This selective medium may be useful to the rapid and simple isolation of entomopathogenic fungi from soil.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.435-443
• /
• 2015

Sixty-one endophytic fungus strains with different colony morphologies were isolated from the leaves, stems and roots of Tephrosia purpurea with colonization rates of 66.95%, 37.50%, and 26.92%, respectively. Based on internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis, 61 isolates were classified into 16 genera belonging to 3 classes under the phylum Ascomycota. Of the 61 isolates, 6 (9.84%) exhibited antifungal activity against one or more indicator plant pathogenic fungi according to the dual culture test. Isolate TPL25 had the broadest antifungal spectrum of activity, and isolate TPL35 was active against 5 plant pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, culture filtrates of TPL25 and TPL35 exhibited greater than 80% growth inhibition against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. We conclude that the endophytic fungal strains TPL25 and TPL35 are promising sources of bioactive compounds.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.167-178
• /
• 2020

Lipase-producing fungi have been isolated from environments containing lipids. The non-dairy creamer industrial waste has a high amount of lipids so it is a potential source for the isolation of lipase-producing fungi. However, the study of fungi that secrete lipase from this industrial waste has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to obtain lipase-producing filamentous fungi from non-dairy creamer industrial waste. Mineral salt and potato dextrose agar were used as media for the isolation process. The qualitative screening was conducted using phenol red agar medium and the quantitative screening using broth medium containing glucose and olive oil. Isolates producing the highest amounts of lipase were identified with molecular methods. We found that 5 out of 19 isolated filamentous fungi are lipase producers. Further analysis showed that isolate Ms.11 produced the highest amount of lipase compared to others. Based on ITS sequence Ms.11 was identified as Aspergillus aculeatus. The lipase activity in medium containing 1% glucose + 1% olive oil at pH 7.0 and 30℃ after 96 and 120 h of incubation was 5.13 ± 0.30 U/ml and 5.22 ± 0.59 U/ml, respectively. The optimum lipase activity was found at pH 7.0, 30℃ and using methanol or ethanol in the reaction tube. Lipase was more stable at 20-30℃ and maintained 85% of its activity. It was concluded that isolate Ms.11 is a potential source of lipase that catalyzes transesterification reactions. Further studies are required to optimize lipase production to make the strain suitable for industry purposes.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.1038-1041
• /
• 2009

Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by the aflatoxigenic fungi in suitable conditions. Saffron, Crocus sativus, is the most expensive spice in the world. Saffron is normally contaminated with soil and hand microflora during harvest and post-harvest operations. In this study, rapid assessment of aflatoxigenic fungi in saffron was accomplished using polymerase chain reaction. In total, 37 market samples were assayed in order to isolate aflatoxin-producing fungi. The 18.9% of the total samples were contaminated with aflatoxigenic fungi. Our results also show that most of the isolated fungi were saprophytes which are normally originated from soil during harvest and postharvest process.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
• /
• v.19 no.12
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 1983

This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of yeast-like fungi in vagina of 924 dairy cows in Gyeongbug area. Attempts were made to isolate and identify yeast-like fungi from vaginal samples from normal cows and those with abortion or vaginit

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.809-814
• /
• 2005

Gibberellins (GAs) play an important role in plant growth and development. Fifteen fungi were isolated from Physalis alkekengi var francheti plant roots, and among them, four isolates showed GA-production activity. A bioassay using waito-c rice was carried out with the culture fluid of the GA-producing fungi. The GA-producing fungi were cultured for 7 days in Czapek's liquid medium at $30^{\circ}C$, 120 rpm, under dark conditions. The culture broth was concentrated 30-fold and 10 ${\mu}l$ of that concentrate was applied to 2-leaf rice sprouts. The height of the rice seedlings treated with the culture fluid of isolate PA08 was 26 cm high, while that of the seedlings treated with the wild-type Gibberella fujikuroi was 13 cm high. As such, the plant growth-promoting activity exhibited by isolate PA08 was 2 times stronger than that exhibited by the wild-type G fujikuroi. The amounts of $GA_l,\;GA_3,\;GA_4,\;GA_7,\;GA_9,\;GA_{20}$, and $GA_{24}$ in the medium were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the quantities produced by isolate PA08 were 4.85 ng/ml, 4.79 ng/ml, 17.30 ng/ml, 6.01 ng/ml, 16.61 ng/ ml, 0.08 ng/ml, and 17.30 ng/ml, respectively. Isolate PA08 was also identified as Fusarium proliferatum KGL0401 by a genetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.211-217
• /
• 2012

Endophytic fungi were isolated from various tissues (root, stem, petiole, leaf, and flower stalk) of 3- and 4-year-old ginseng plants (Panax ginseng Meyer) cultivated in Korea. The isolated endophytic fungi were identified based on the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 1-5.8-ITS 2. A morphological characterization was also conducted using microscopic observations. According to the identification, 127 fungal isolates were assigned to 27 taxa. The genera of Phoma, Alternaria and Colletotrichum were the most frequent isolates, followed by Fusarium, Entrophospora and Xylaria. Although 19 of the 27 taxa were identified at the species level, the remainder were classified at the genus level (6 isolates), phylum level (Ascomycota, 1 isolate), and unknown fungal species (1 isolate). Endophytic fungi of 13 and 19 species were isolated from 3- and 4-year-old ginseng plants, respectively, and Phoma radicina and Fusarium solani were the most frequently isolated species colonizing the tissues of the 3- and 4-year-old ginseng plants, respectively. The colonization frequency (CF%) was dependant on the age and tissue examined: the CFs of the roots and stems in the 3-year-old ginseng were higher than the CF of tissues in the 4-year-old plants. In contrast, higher CFs were observed in the leaves and petioles of 4-year-old plants, and endophytic fungi in the flower stalks were only detected in the 4-year-old plants. In conclusion, we detected diverse endophytic fungi in ginseng plants, which were distributed differently depending on the age and tissue examined.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.75-78
• /
• 2003

A lichen-forming fungus was successfully isolated by discharged spore method from Korean lichen (Hetero-dermia sp.) and cultivated in pure culture. The isolate JR0012 inhibited mycelial growth of several plant-pathogenic fungi. Mycelial growth of the four Pythium spp. tested was completely inhibited. Potato dextrose broth was found to be the medium favorable for large-scale production of antibiotics from the isolate. Anti-fungal substances produced in axenic culture were partially purified. This is the first report in Korea of lichen-forming fungus successfully isolated and which exhibited strong antifungal activity against plant-pathogenic fungi, especially the four Pythium spp..

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.364-371
• /
• 2019

The use of GRAS microorganisms isolated from fermented foods during amylase production using an economical food-waste medium provides more opportunities to produce amylase with a wider range of applications. Hence, this study aimed to isolate a good amylase-producing fungi from the traditional Indonesian fermented cassava, gatot, and to identify the amylase-producing capability of the isolate in a potato peel waste (PPW) medium. Black-colored fungi isolated from gatot was morphologically identified and the amylase produced was characterized using SDS-PAGE and Native PAGE. The isolate was then grown on PPW medium, and the amylase produced was further characterized. Morphological identification and enzyme characterization revealed that the Aspergillus niger aggregate F isolated from gatot secreted an active extracellular ${\alpha}$-amylase with an optimum pH of 5-6. In conclusion, Aspergillus niger aggregate F isolated from gatot can be used to produce ${\alpha}$-amylase using PPW as a medium.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.26 no.1 s.84
• /
• pp.78-85
• /
• 1998

During the screening of biological control agents for insect pests in the greenhouse, 70 dead insect-related fungi were isolated and tested insecticidal effect of their culture filtrates was tested. From this studies, CNAB-63 isolate showed strong control effects against the cotton aphids and the two-spotted spider mite as 65.19% and 77.55%, respectively. The insecticidal active compound of CNAB-63 isolate was purified from culture filtrate by silica gel chromotography, thin layer chromatography and HPLC. Purified active compound (CNAB) showed control effects against the two-spotted spider mite with 63.45% at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. However, it did not exhibit antimicrobial activity against fungi and bacteria.