• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.675-687
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• 2004

This study is designed to assess the prevalence at risk of malnutrition according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and evaluate the factors influencing on the nutritional risk of the elderly. Three hundred and nine elderly (110 men and 199 women: mean age =74.1) who participated in meal service in the Chung-buk province were investigated. Mean MNA total score was 21.9 and women had significantly lower MNA scores than men (respectively, 21.5 and 22.8). In the mean time mean MNA-SF (Short Form) score was 10.7, respectively 10.6 for the women and 11.0 for the men, with the difference being statistically significant. The MNA classified 33% of the elderly as well-nourished, 61.7% as at risk of malnutrition and 5.3% as overt malnourished. However, MNA-SF categorized the examinees 40.2% as good and 59.8% at nutritional risk. Those who identified as malnourished elderly had significantly lower mean BMI, mid-arm and calf circumference, poorer functional abilities (ADL, IADL) , lower MAR and food habits scores, and higher number of nutrient $\leq$ 75% of RDA than those with at risk of malnutrition and well nourished. Also socioeconomic status such as educational level, self-rated economic status, poverty level, and marital status significantly influenced nutritional status. Similar effect was observed in self-rated nutritional status and health status, dental status, appetite change according to MNA score. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that weight loss was the most predictive item in the total MNA and MNA-SF score. It was found that items such as mobility, living status (home vs institution) , mode of feeding, and pressure sores were inappropriate for assessment of the elderly who are able to participate meal service program. Also, some modifications of items in MNA are needed in order to apply to Korean elderly. Even though the MNA seems to be an useful tool to screen those old people at risk of malnourished, a lot of work is still to be done with this assessment tool to secure its reliability.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2002

Eight cDNAs corresponding to fruit-specific genes were isolated from ripened melon through differential screening. Sequence comparison indicated that six of these cDNAs encoded proteins were previously characterized into aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase, abscisic acid, stress and ripening inducible (ASR) gene, RINC-H2 zinc finger protein, pyruvate decarboxylase, or polyubiquitin. RFS2 and RFS5 were the same clone encoding polyubiquitin. The other cDNAs showed no significant homology with known protein sequences. The ASR homologue (Asr1) gene was further characterized on the cDNA and genomic structure. The deduced amino acid sequence had similar characteristics to other plant ASR. The Asr1 genomic DNA consisted of 2 exons and 1 intron, which is similar to the structure of other plants ASR genes. The promoter region of the Asr1 gene contained several putative functional cis-elements such as an abscisic acid responsive element (ABRE), an ethylene responsive element (ERE), a C-box or DPBf-1 and 2, Myb binding sites, a low temperature responsive element (LTRE) and a metal responsive element (MRE). The findings imply that these elements may play important roles in the response to plant hormones and environmental stresses in the process of fruit development. The results of this study suggest that the expressions of fruit specific and ripening-related cDNAs are closely associated with the stress response.

• Mycobiology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.368-375
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• 2014

Red ginseng (Panax ginseng), a Korean traditional medicinal plant, contains a variety of ginsenosides as major functional components. It is necessary to remove sugar moieties from the major ginsenosides, which have a lower absorption rate into the intestine, to obtain the aglycone form. To screen for microorganisms showing bioconversion activity for ginsenosides from red ginseng, 50 yeast strains were isolated from Korean traditional meju (a starter culture made with soybean and wheat flour for the fermentation of soybean paste). Twenty strains in which a black zone formed around the colony on esculin-yeast malt agar plates were screened first, and among them 5 strains having high ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity on p-nitrophenyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside as a substrate were then selected. Strain JNO301 was finally chosen as a bioconverting strain in this study on the basis of its high bioconversion activity for red ginseng extract as determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The selected bioconversion strain was identified as Candida allociferrii JNO301 based on the nucleotide sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. The optimum temperature and pH for the cell growth were $20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ and pH 5~8, respectively. TLC analysis confirmed that C. allociferrii JNO301 converted ginsenoside Rb1 into Rd and then into F2, Rb2 into compound O, Rc into compound Mc1, and Rf into Rh1. Quantitative analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography showed that bioconversion of red ginseng extract resulted in an increase of 2.73, 3.32, 33.87, 16, and 5.48 fold in the concentration of Rd, F2, compound O, compound Mc1, and Rh1, respectively.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제49권9호
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• pp.741-748
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• 2016

개착식 하상여과에 대해서 실험실 규모의 모형을 구축하고 중사, 왕사, 화산석, 자갈에 대한 단일 여재를 구성하였다. 실험을 통해 투수계수 및 하상 여과에 대한 취수량을 추정하고, 지하수 유동 모델링인 Visual MODFLOW를 통해 탁도 변화에 따라 수정된 투수계수를 적용하고 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 각 여재마다 22개의 수정 투수계수 시나리오가 적용되었다. 전체 모델링에서 최소 오차는 화산석(2~5 mm)을 여재로 한 경우 상부에서부터 3개 지층에 대해서 20% 감소된 투수계수를 적용한 시나리오다. 이는 화산석의 특성상 탁도를 유발하는 황토가 여재에 흡착되어 상부에서 3번째 지층까지 영향을 미치는 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 입자의 크기가 작은 중사의 경우 5% 감소된 투수계수를 상부에서 두 번째 지층까지 적용한 시나리오에서도 작은 오차 값을 나타냈다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-After School Checklist (ASK) by comparing the results of the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT) and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) Scale and then by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Methods: We performed correlation analyses on the ASK and CAT results and then the ASK and CGI-S results. We created a ROC curve and evaluated performance on the ASK as a diagnostic tool. We then analyzed the test results of 1348 subjects (male 56.8%), including 1201 subjects in the general population and 147 ADHD subjects, aged 6-15 years, from kindergarten to middle school in Seoul and Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Results: According to the correlation analyses, ASK scores and the Attention Quotient (AQ) of CAT scores showed a significant correlation of -0.20--0.29 (p<0.05). The t-test between ADHD scores and CGI-S also showed a significant correlation (t=-2.55, p<0.05). The area under the ROC curve was calculated as 0.81, indicating good efficacy of the ASK, and the cut-off score was calculated as 15.5. Conclusion: The ASK can be used as a valid tool not only to evaluate functional impairment of ADHD children and adolescents but also to screen ADHD.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2004

Real time and robust algorithm to extract the features of watermelon was developed from the remotely transmitted image of the watermelon. Features of the watermelon at the cultivation site such as size and shape including position are crucial to the successful tole-robotic operation and development of the cultivation data base. Algorithm was developed based on the concept of task sharing between the computer and the operator utilizing man-computer interface. Task sharing was performed based on the functional characteristics of human and computer. Identifying watermelon from the image transmitted from the cultivation site is very difficult because of the variable light condition and the complex image contents such as soil, mulching vinyl, straws on the ground, irregular leaves and stems. Utilizing operator's teaching through the touch screen mounted on the image monitor, the complex time consuming image processing process and instability of processing results in the watermelon identification has been avoided. Color and brightness characteristics were analyzed from the image area specified by the operator's teaching. Watermelon segmentation was performed using the brightness and color distribution of the specified imae processing area. Modified general Hough transform was developed to extract the shape, major and minor axes, and the position, of the watermelon. It took less than 100 msec of the image processing time, and was a lot faster than conventional approach. The proposed method showed the robustness and practicability in identifying watermelon from the wireless transmitted color image of the cultivation site.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.523-531
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 표면 전극을 사용하는 8채널 전기자극 시스템을 개발하였고. 이 시스템을 이용하여 하반신 마비한자의 근력강화를 위한 전기자극 엑서사이즈와 FES 보행을 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 전기자극 시스템은 컴퓨터 프로그램, 전기자극기, 그리고 컴퓨터 프로그램과 전기자극기를 연결하는 통신부분으로 구성되어 있다. 컴퓨터 프로그램에서는 마우스를 이용하여 임의의 자극 패턴을 손쉽게 구성하고 편집학 수 있으며 이렇게 구성/편집된 자극 패턴은 동원곡선(recruitment curve)을 통하여 자극 파라미터로 변환된다. 자극 파라미터는 직렬통신을 이용하여 전기자극기에 전달된다. 전기자극기는 주제어부에 1개, 각 채널에 1개씩 총 9개의 마이크로프로세서로 구성되어 있다. 주제어부의 마이크로프로세서가 컴퓨터 프로그램과 통신을 하고 각 채널의 마이크로프로세서를 제어한다. 본 연구에서 개발한 기능적 전기자극 시스템으로 하반신 마비환자에게 100주 동안 전기자극 엑서사이즈를 실시한 결과 근력, 다리둘레, 그리고 피로저항성의 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 전기자극 엑서사이즈로 무릎신근(knee extensor muscle)이 체중을 지지한 수 있을 정도로 증가한 후에 FES 보행을 시작하였고, 현재 2분 동안 50m 이상 보행할 수 있다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.188-201
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of online home learning in connection with extracurricular activities for lifelong education for the disabled in university on the cooking aids skills of cafeterias for the job search persons with developmental disabilities. Three people with job search developmental disabilities who have been in a state of unemployment for three years after graduating from a special high school course participated in the experiment. In order to verify the meaningful functional relationship between independent variables and dependent variables, multiple probe design across subjects, one of the main techniques of a single object study, was used. The experimental conditions according to the research design consisted of the steps of baseline, intervention, maintenance, and generalization. The dependent variable of this study is the restaurant cooking aid skills in the cafeteria, and three subskills such as side dish arrangement, sink arrangement, and dish washing were combined by task analysis. And the independent variable of this study was composed of procedures and methods to teach the environment, tools and materials related to the performance of dependent variables to the developmental disabled people at home by using real-time image technique through zoom service, and the contents of the performance by stages of task analysis. In addition, independent variables were applied to the subjects in the course of the extracurricular activities with the theme and contents of lifelong education for the disabled at university. Students who completed the above extracurricular activities practiced the intervention scene of the researcher through the screen sharing of zoom service. As a result, the subjects with developmental disabilities effectively acquired and maintained the positive response performance of dependent variables through independent variables. The subjects also showed high positive responses to generalization tests conducted in kitchens in cafeterias located elsewhere in the same university.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1218-1230
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• 2021

Cold-adapted plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) with multiple functions are an important resource for microbial fertilizers with low-temperature application. In this study, culturable cold-adapted PGPB strains with nitrogen fixation and phosphorus solubilization abilities were isolated. They were screened from root and rhizosphere of four dominant grass species in nondegraded alpine grasslands of the Qilian Mountains, China. Their other growth-promoting characteristics, including secretion of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), production of siderophores and ACC deaminase, and antifungal activity, were further studied by qualitative and quantitative methods. In addition, whether the PGPB strains could still exert plant growth-promoting activity at 4℃ was verified. The results showed that 67 isolates could maintain one or more growth-promoting traits at 4℃, and these isolates were defined as cold-adapted PGPB. They were divided into 8 genera by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, of which Pseudomonas (64.2%) and Serratia (13.4%) were the common dominant genera, and a few specific genera varied among the plant species. A test-tube culture showed that inoculation of Elymus nutans seedlings with cold-adapted PGPB possessing different functional characteristics had a significant growth-promoting effect under controlled low-temperature conditions, including the development of the roots and aboveground parts. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that different growth-promoting characteristics made different contributions to the development of the roots and aboveground parts. These cold-adapted PGPB can be used as excellent strain resources suitable for the near-natural restoration of degraded alpine grasslands or agriculture stock production in cold areas.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.718-726
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• 2021

노래와 춤, 연기가 조화를 이룬 뮤지컬은 오페라가 발전되어 만들어진 대중적인 음악극이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 뮤지컬은 상업적으로 예술성과 대중성의 조화를 갖추고 있는 문화 산업 분야라고 할 수 있다. 뮤지컬은 신명나고 다채로운 라이브 공연이 떠오르게 한다. 이러한 뮤지컬산업은 무대에서 뿐 아니라 뮤지컬 영화로 제 탄생되어 대중들의 사랑을 받아왔다. 영화계는 영화 스크린을 통해 뮤지컬이 갖고 있는 뮤지컬만의 독창성을 표현하기 위해 부단히 노력해 왔다. 연기적 측면에서 뮤지컬 영화 연기는 뮤지컬 영화에 맞는 연기를 구현해야한다. 그러기 위해서는 영화 연기의 특성과 뮤지컬 연기의 특성을 동시에 이해하고 각각 장르가 융합되어졌을 때 진정한 뮤지컬 영화 연기를 스크린에서 구현 할 수 있게 된다. 뮤지컬 영화 연기를 위해서는 각 장르별로 세분화된 기능적 특성을 이해하고 필요한 기능들을 현장에서 적용시켜야 한다.