• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2016

Microalgae are functional foods because they contain special anti-aging inhibitors and other functional components, such as ecosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Many of these functional dietary components are absent in animals and terrestrial plants. Thus, microalgae are widely utilized in human functional foods and in the feed provided to farmed fish and terrestrial livestock. Many marine organisms consume microalgae, often because they are in an appropriate portion of the cell size spectrum, but also because of their nutritional content. The nutritional requirements of marine organisms differ from those of terrestrial animals. After hatching, marine animals need small live forage species that have high omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid contents, including EPA and DHA. Euglena cells have both plant and animal characteristics; they are motile, elliptical in shape, 15-500 μm in diameter, and have a valuable nutritional content. Mixotrophic cell cultivation provided the best growth rates and nutritional content. Diverse carbon (fructose, lactose, glucose, maltose and sucrose) and nitrogen (tryptone, peptone, yeast extract, urea and sodium glutamate) supported the growth of microalgae with high lipid contents. We found that the best carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of high quality Euglena cells were glucose (10 g L^–1) and sodium glutamate (1.0 g L^–1), respectively.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2005

This paper presents a new approach to investigate spatial correlation between independent components of brain alpha activity in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). To avoid potential problems of simultaneous fMRI and EEG acquisitions in imaging pure alpha activity, data from each modality were acquired separately under a 'three conditions' setup where one of the conditions involved closing eyes and relaxing, thus making it conducive to generation of alpha activity. The other two conditions -- eyes open in a lighted room or engaged in a mental arithmetic task, were designed to attenuate alpha activity. Using a Mixture Density Independent Component Analysis (MD-ICA) that incorporates flexible non-linearity functions into the conventional ICA framework, we could identify the spatiotemporal components of fMRI activations and EEG activities associated with the alpha rhythm. Then, the sources of the individual EEG alpha activity component were localized by a Maximum Entropy (ME) method that is specially designed to find the most probable dipole distribution minimizing the localization error in sense of LMSE. The resulting active dipoles were spatially transformed to 3D MRls of the subject and compared to fMRI alpha activity maps. A good spatial correlation was found in the spatial distribution of alpha sources derived independently from fMRI and EEG, suggesting the proposed method can localize the cortical areas responsible for generating alpha activity successfully in either fMRI or EEG. Finally a functional connectivity analysis was applied to show that alpha activity sources of both modalities were also functionally connected to each other, implying that they are involved in performing a common function: 'the generation of alpha rhythms'.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.287-296
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• 2014

The physicochemical and functional traits for loin muscles of Hanwoo steers were compared by quality grade (QG). A total of 500 Hanwoo steers were slaughtered, their carcasses were categorized into four groups (QG 1++, 1+, 1, and 2), and the longissimus dorsi muscles were analyzed. QG 1++ group had the highest fat and lowest moisture content (p<0.05). QG 1++ showed higher $L^*$ and $b^*$ color values, higher cooking loss, and lower shear force values, compared with the other groups (p<0.05). The flavor, tenderness, juiciness, and preference scores by sensory evaluation were highly ranked for premium QG groups (1++ and 1+). Regarding the micro compounds, QG 1 and QG 2 had greater amounts of inosine monophosphate, and QG 2 had greater amounts of anserine, carnosine, and creatine, than QG 1++ (p<0.05). QG 1++ and 1+ had higher percentages of oleic acid (C18:1) than QG 2 (p<0.05). Within premium QG 1++ and 1+, the results of the nucleotides, free amino acids, dipeptides, and fatty acids did not show any distinctive differences. Hanwoo beef as determined by the current grading system was not significantly different in terms of functional components; the only significant difference was in intramuscular fat content.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.633-640
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• 2007

We report an experimental demonstration of 40 Gbps all-optical 3R regeneration with all-optical clock recovery based on InP semiconductor devices. We also obtain alloptical non-return-to-zero to return-to-zero (NRZ-to-RZ) format conversion using the recovered clock signal at 10 Gbps and 40 Gbps. It leads to a good performance using a Mach-Zehnder interferometric wavelength converter and a self-pulsating laser diode (LD). The self-pulsating LD serves a recovered clock, which has an rms timing jitter as low as sub-picosecond. In the case of 3R regeneration of RZ data, we achieve a 1.0 dB power penalty at $10^{-9}$ BER after demultiplexing 40 Gbps to 10 Gbps with an eletroabsorption modulator. The regenerated 3R data shows stable error-free operation with no BER floor for all channels. The combination of these functional devices provides all-optical 3R regeneration with NRZ-to-RZ conversion.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2022

This study investigated the volatile flavor components of the essential oil from Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosumBailey. The essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of the plant by the hydrodistillation extraction method was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One hundred and one (99.11%) volatile flavor components were identified in the essential oil from the Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosum Bailey. The major compounds were hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester (12.45%), 6.10.14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (7.94%), 1-(phenylethynyl)-1-cyclohexanol (6.34%), α-farnesene (5.55%), phytol (4.99%), and α-caryophyllene (4.39%). When the volatile flavor components of Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosum Bailey were classified by functional group, the content was high in the order of hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ketones, aldehydes, and phthalides. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the most common hydrocarbons, mainly due to α-farnesene and α-caryophyllene. Among the alcohols, the content of aliphatic alcohols was significantly higher, mainly due to 1-(phenylethnyl)-1-cyclohexanol (6.34%) and phytol (4.99%). The analysis of the volatile flavor components of Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosum Bailey in this study will provide useful information to consumers when purchasing food and to industries using fragrance ingredients.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권7호
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• pp.1733-1748
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• 1997

재사용을 지원하는 라이브러리 구축을 위해서는 다양한 응용영역에 적용할 수 있는 분류스킴과 검색방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 재사용 단계의 접근성의 핵심을 이루는 분류스킴을 클러스터를 이용한 계층적인 구조를 통해 정의하였다. 또한 검색시스템의 기능과 정확도를 결정하는 라이브러리 구조에 클러스터링 정보를 첨가하여 부품의 표현방법과 클래스들간의 유사관계를 기술, 관리하는 방법을 제안하였다. 이에 따라 개발자에게 소프트웨어 부품의 인덱싱 및 스테밍 등을 통한 분류 및 검색 방법을 제공함으로써 재사용부품에 대한 탐색가능성을 높이고 재사용의 효과를 증진시키려한다. 그 결과로 재사용 라이브러리의 구축과정을 자동화하였고 기존의 문제점인 확장성과 관련된 모두를 고려한 분류스킴을 통하여 재사용라이브러리와 검색시스템을 구축하였으며 관련연구를 클러스터 계층도를 통해 시각화함으로써 탐색가능성에 대한 효과를 높였다. 또한 검색결과는 재사용시스템 CARS 2.1에 통합되었다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.43.1-43.12
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• 2021

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most prevalent organisms associated with foodborne illness across the globe causing campylobacteriosis and gastritis. Many proteins of C. jejuni are still unidentified. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure and function of a non-annotated hypothetical protein (HP) from C. jejuni. A number of properties like physiochemical characteristics, 3D structure, and functional annotation of the HP (accession No. CAG2129885.1) were predicted using various bioinformatics tools followed by further validation and quality assessment. Moreover, the protein-protein interactions and active site were obtained from the STRING and CASTp server, respectively. The hypothesized protein possesses various characteristics including an acidic pH, thermal stability, water solubility, and cytoplasmic distribution. While alpha-helix and random coil structures are the most prominent structural components of this protein, most of it is formed of helices and coils. Along with expected quality, the 3D model has been found to be novel. This study has identified the potential role of the HP in 2-methylcitric acid cycle and propionate catabolism. Furthermore, protein-protein interactions revealed several significant functional partners. The in-silico characterization of this protein will assist to understand its molecular mechanism of action better. The methodology of this study would also serve as the basis for additional research into proteomic and genomic data for functional potential identification.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.397-400
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• 2012

유진들깨의 개화기 후 5일에 시용한 질소 추비(4 kg/10a)를 통해 생육특성과 단백질 함량, 지방 함량과 지방산 조성 등을 조사하여 들깨의 수량성과 품질 향상의 가능성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 등숙기의 추비는 대조구에 비해 경장과 주경 마디수, 가지수, 경직경 등에서는 차이가 거의 없었으나 성숙기가 1일 늦었고, SPAD 값은 48.6으로 대조구보다 85% 더 높고 농녹색을 성숙후기까지 유지하였다. 2. 추비구의 수량구성요소 및 수량에서 화방군길이, 화방 군수, 군당삭수는 근소하게 더 많았으나 1000립중이 3.4 g으로 대조구 보다 0.8 g 더 무거워 종실수량은 123 kg/10a로 60% 더 많았다. 3. 추비구의 단백질함량은 33.3%로서 대조구 보다 11.5%나 많았으며 국내 유전자원 17.9~28.5%(Park, 1996) 범위를 능가하였으며 기름함량은 48.4%로서 6.2%나 더 높아 추비효과가 있었다. 4. 추비에 따른 지방산 조성은 대조구에 비해 포화지방산인 palmitic acid와 stearic acid이 감소하였고, 불포화지방산에서 linolenic acid와 oleic acids는 감소하였으나 linoleic acid는 증가한 경향을 보였다. 5. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 들깨의 등숙기는 최적생육량과 연계한 적정질소추비는 수량성과 품질 향상을 위해 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.96-96
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• 2019

Sedum kamchaticum, Sedum middendorffianum and Sedum takesimense belong to the sebum species. Especially, Sedum takesimense is a Korean native species growing only on Ullenung-do. Few studies for the biological activities of these plants have been reported. In this study, we examined biological activity and the contents of functional components of the aerial part and the root part of Sedum kamchaticum, Sedum middendorffianum and Sedum takesimense. As the results, the roots of Sedum takesimense showed the highest total phenolic contents (TPC : $13040{\pm}50.0mg\;GAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$), and the aerial part of Sedum takesimens showed the highest total flavonoid contents (TFC : $2722.2{\pm}107.1mg\;CAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$). Meanwhile, Sedum middendorffianum exhibited the highest anti-oxidant activity (DPPH $RC_{50}$ value of aerial part : $50.69{\pm}0.75{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, DPPH $RC_{50}$ value of root part : $27.27{\pm}0.55{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$; ABTS $RC_{50}$ value of aerial part : $11.32{\pm}0.38{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, ABTS $RC_{50}$ value of roots part $5.54{\pm}0.02{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). The root part of Sedum middendorffianum showed the potent alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity (AGI $IC_{50}$ : $60.69{\pm}0.72{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). In order to elucidate active principle of Sedum middendorffianum that was shown the most potent antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities, the methanol extract of Sedum middendorffianum was fractionated with various solvents according to the polarity successively. As a result, EtOAc fraction of Sedum middendorffianum showed the highest contents of functional components (TPC : $16245.8{\pm}1025.7mg\;GAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$, TFC : $4850.4{\pm}182.9mg\;CAE{\cdot}100g^{-1}$). And it also showed excellent anti-oxidant activities (DPPH $RC_{50}$ : $14.0{\pm}0.6{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, ABTS $RC_{50}$ : $3.4{\pm}0.1{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$) and anti-diabetic activity (AGI $IC_{50}$ : $79.0{\pm}2.2{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$). Above results suggest that Sedum middendorffianum can be developed to health functional material as a plant resource with potent antioxidant activity.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1176-1180
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• 2008

This paper represents a study on design hypothesis to improve properties of a product. The functional requirements and function structure of various technical products are analysed. From the above analysis we could formulate one hypothesis. This hypothesis also satisfies basic rules clarity, simplicity and safety that are required in all design cases. The hypothesis says that functional requirements is refined to improve and if there are components which have the same function, they can be integrated into one component and improved. A one-handed faucet was developed by applying the above hypothesis to a two-handed faucet. The design of heat exchange tester was be improved successfully through the hypothesis.