• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.220-220
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• 2022

Disproportionating Enzyme 1 (DPE1) is an a-1,4-D-glucanotransferase that cleavages the a-1,4-glucosidic bonds and transfers glucosyl groups. In rice endosperm, it participates in starch synthesis by transferring maltooligosyl groups from amylose and amylopectin to amylopectin. Here, we investigated the haplotype variations and evolutionary indices (e.g., genetic diversity and population structure) for the DPE1 gene in 374 rice accessions representing seven subgroups (wild, indica, temperate japonica, tropical japonica, aus, aromatic, and admixture). Variant calling analysis of DPE1 coding regions leads to the identification of six functional haplotypes representing/occupying 8 nonsynonymous SNPs. Nucleotide diversity analysis revealed the highest pi-value in wild group (0.0556) compared to other cultivated groups, of which temperate japonica showed the most reduction of genetic diversity value (0.003). A significant positive Tajima's D value (1.6330) of admixture highlights sudden population contraction under balancing selection, while temperate japonica with the lowest Tajima's D value (-1.3523) showed a selection signature of DPE1 domestication which might be the cause of excess of rare alleles. Moreover, these two subpopulations exhibits a greater differentiation (F_ST=0.0148), indicating a higher genetic diversity. Our findings on functional DPE1 haplotypes will be useful in future breeding programs, and the evolutionary indices can also be applicable in functional studies of the DPE1 gene.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.749-759
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to identify the consumer's value systems and to clarify how it influence on clothing behaviors. Values defined as fundamental goals of the consumer's behavior The value systems are composed of personal values, clothing benefits, clothing attributes. The Means-End theory provided the framework to assess consumer's value systems. This study was carried out in theoretical and empirical ways. The Questionaire was administered to 645 women in thief twenties living in Seoul during the April, 1997. The results of empirical study were as follows: First, the dimensions of personal values were composed of accomplishment, pleasure and humanity-oriented value Clothing benefits were classified into psychological and functional benefits. Psychological benefits were composed of expressive pleasure, individuality-persuit, brand value-persuit, harmony, social recognition. Functional benefits were composed of cotilfortability, practicality, quality-oriented, economic benefits. Clothing attributes were classified into the design attributes and the physical attributes. Second, consumer groups were classified into three groups by three dimensions of personal values. Third, the significant differences among the classified value groups was founded in the clothing benefits, the clothing attributes and the clothing involvement. Fourth, the demographic characteristics like income, education have influenced on the consumer value systems.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.165-176
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• 2021

The primary purpose of this study is to identify determinants influencing Vietnamese consumers' purchase intention towards Japanese convenience goods. The research model consisting of six factors affecting the dependent variable is proposed based on the Theory of Consumption Values and Theory of Perceived Value of purchase. This study employs a survey method in a convenient sampling method to collect data of target respondents. Data consisting of 180 samples was collected and analyzed using the SMARPLS3 software. The measurement model is assessed to confirm the validity and reliability of the construct, then hypotheses testing is performed with Bootstrapping analysis. The results demonstrated that five factors affect Vietnamese consumers' purchase intention towards Japanese convenience goods, including the price of the product, quality of the product, functional value, emotional value, and conditional value. Major findings of this study suggest that the functional value that consumer perceives about Japanese convenience goods has the most significant relationship with their purchase intention, followed by the quality of the product and the price of the product. Besides, emotional value and conditional value have a moderate influence on consumers' purchase intention. Whereas the influence of the epistemic value of the product on consumers' purchase intention is insignificant in this presented study.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.458-485
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• 2007

This study aims to examine the effects of consumption values on digital convergence products buying behavior. Especially, this study examines the nature of consumption values that differentiate incremental innovation products from radical innovation product. We first categorize the convergence products into incremental innovation products and radical innovation products based on the degree of innovation, and then study the differences of consumption values of each product group. The empirical research is conducted on the premise that the consumer's value can play an important role in the process of selecting convergence product types. Although some factors related to function value has been accounted much of, various consumer values have not been studied in the context of convergence product consumption behavior. This research assumes that consumer choice behavior is a function of multiple consumption values such as functional value, social value, emotional value, and epistemic value. The result shows that consumption values of digital convergence products are made up of 4 consumption values-emotional, epistemic, social and functional values. Also, these consumption values affect the purchase intention of consumers. Purchase intention of radical innovation convergence products is affected by emotional value, epistemic value, and functional values. Purchase intention of incremental innovation convergence products is affected only by functional value. Demographic variables such as sex, age and income don't have influence on purchase intention. Our findings suggest that choice behavior of digital convergence product is influenced by several consumption values. Managerially, our result emphasize that convergence products must satisfy the consumption values that consumers are seeking in order to be successful in the market. the theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed as well.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.73-80
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• 2013

Purpose - As the smart-phone market adds new technologies and introduces new marketing trends, competition among companies is getting fierce. Now, smart-phone companies need to pay attention not only to attaining new customers but also to retaining customers, which means managing relationships to prevent customer defection. Therefore, how to satisfy customer needs and maintain long-term relations are both important to make consistent progress in the rapidly changing smart-phone market. To illustrate this point, the study focuses on analyzing the effects of consumption value on relational factors and buying intentions among smart-phone users. First, consumption value was divided into functional, economic, and emotional values. After that, the effects of these values on satisfaction and brand trust were confirmed. Additionally, effects of satisfaction and brand trust on repurchase intention were analyzed. Research design, data, and methodology - The data was collected in a self-administered survey among 270 undergraduate students, using smart-phones between June 4th-12th, 2012. A total of 257 questionnaires were collected and used for the data analysis. A path analysis based on Lisrel 8.54 was used for the hypothesis test. Consumption value was divided into functional, economic, and emotional values. Subsequently, the effects of these values on satisfaction and trust in the brand were confirmed. Additionally, the effects of satisfaction and trust in the brand on repurchase intention were analyzed. Results - First, functional value, economic value, and emotional value - especially emotional value - were revealed to have positive effects on satisfaction. Second, emotional value was shown to have positive effects on brand trust, while functional and economic values did not. Third, satisfaction had positive effects on brand trust. In considering the relative influence on brand trust, satisfaction was the most crucial factor. It is clear that in the evaluation of the direct experience, using the product or the service plays an important role in building brand trust. Fourth, satisfaction and brand trust positively influenced repurchase intention. This indicates that both factors must be achieved to induce the repurchase Intention among customers. Conclusions - One can see that the enjoyable emotions consumers feel while using smart-phones is the most important factor in increasing levels of satisfaction. Moreover, this indicates that consumers pursue economic desires along with convenient functions in order to reduce opportunity costs. Additionally, consumers are affected by psychological and emotional messages in building trust, rather than practical and rational ones. Thus, in order to appeal to young clients as an attractive brand in the smart-phone market, approaching customers with an emotional value is recommended. In addition, in order for the brand to gain trust, the overall experience the consumer feels while using smart phones should be maximized. After all, one must fulfill the consumers' desire for a new experience and show a willingness to faithfully accomplish the responsibility of the brand to strengthen relationships with customers in the smart-phone market.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.525-532
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• 2024

This study explores the impact of physical characteristics (e.g., shape, color, material, size, weight, technical features) of smart wristbands and smartwatches on consumers' perceived functional, aesthetic, and symbolic values using an extended technology acceptance model. An online survey was conducted with adult residents of the United States who had experience using smart wristbands or smartwatches. Participants were asked about various physical characteristics of products they had used in the past year or were currently using, and their evaluations of these characteristics. The results revealed that the shape of the front display shape significantly influenced symbolic value, with circle shape and square shpae showing significantly higher symbolic value than rectangle shape. Wristband materials also had a significant impact on symbolic value, with metal and leather showing higher symbolic value among various materials. Additionally, an increase in product size was associated with higher symbolic value. Moreover, certain technical features such as activity tracker, alarm clock, and distance tracking influenced perceived functional value, while functions like time display, GPS, and email influenced perceived aesthetic value. Pedometer, GPS, and email were found to enhance perceived symbolic value. These findings provide valuable insights into consumer preferences for smart wristbands and smartwatches, serving as valuable information for product improvement and new product development.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2004

This study investigates 55 preservice secondary mathematics teachers' situational understanding of functional relationship. Functional thinking is fundamental and useful because it develops students' quantitative thinking about the world and analytical thinking about complex situations through examination of the relations between interdependent factors. Functional thinking is indispensable for understanding natural phenomena, for investigation by science, and for the technological inventions in engineering and navigation. Therefore, it goes without saying that teachers should be able to represent and communicate about various functional situations in the course of teaching and learning functional relationships to develop students' functional thinking. The result of this study illustrates that many preservice teachers were not able to appropriately represent and communicate about various functional situations. Additionally, it shows that most preservice teachers have limited understanding of the value of teaching function.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.31-42
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• 2014

Purpose - Recently, a variety of activities for practicing the continuing management of domestic and foreign companies have been conducted and further, corporate social responsibility for maximizing the value of stakeholders such as customers, cooperative companies, and the local community emerges as a key business strategy. Accordingly, the issue of whether corporate image and customer value through corporate social responsibility activities positively affect customer loyalty and customer attitude is investigated in this study. Research design, data, and methodology - Corporate social responsibility activities are classified into legal and moral activities, environmental protection activities, economic activities, and community service activities; further, customer values are classified into emotional value, functional value, and social value, to determine the parameters. In addition, the strategic approach direction of social responsibility activities is justified as a strategy for effectively achieving the expected results that corporations seek by proving the effect of these parameters on customer loyalty. Results - The study results can be summarized as follows. First, legal and moral activities, environmental protection activities, economic activities, and community service activities are four types of CSR activities affecting meaningful improvements in corporate image. Second, legal and moral activities affect factors that meaningfully improve customer value, including factors such as emotional value, functional value, and social value, while environmental protection activities affect improvements in the factor of social value only. Third, corporate image affects meaningful improvements in customer value. Fourth, corporate image affects improvements in customer loyalty positively. Fifth, the three factors of customer value, that is, emotional value, functional value, and social value affect meaningful improvements in customer loyalty. Sixth, customer value acts to partly mediate the effect of companies' CSR activities on customer loyalty. As shown in the study results above, it was verified that CSR activities affect meaningful improvements in corporate image and customer value and, in turn, corporate image and customer value affect meaningful improvements in customer loyalty. In addition, it was verified that customer value acts to partly mediate the effects of companies' CSR activities on customer value. Conclusions - Accordingly, the results of this study suggests as follows. First, it was clearly verified that customers' recognition of CSR efforts has a positive effect on corporate image, customer value, and loyalty because CSR activities improve the relationships between customers and corporations by providing customers with value. Second, it was suggested that corporations implement social contribution activities strategically according to the theory that the higher the rate of CSR activities, the better the corporate image and repurchase intention would be, which is a theory verified through practical analysis. Corporations should do this by constructing positive relationships from the value perceived by customers. To summarize the study results in a brief manner, it is suggested by the results of the study that a corporation should conduct CSR more actively to make customers recognize the positive image of their products and services.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2019

This study empirically analyzed the effect of outdoor brand consumer's consumption value and company's creating shared values activity on consumers' purchase intention. The sub-variables of consumption value were set as functional value, conditional value, and emotional value as factors affecting consumers' purchase intention. The sub-variables of company's creating shared values activities were set as economic value, relational value, social value. As a result of analysis, functional value, conditional value, and emotional value of consumption value were found to have a positive effect on purchase intention, and economic value, social value, and relational value of company's creating shared values were all positively influenced Respectively. According to the results of the analysis, it is found that both consumption value of outdoor brand consumers and company's creating shared values activities are positive factors for purchase intention. This result can be deduced that consumers 'consumption value and company's creating shared values activities in outdoor brand industry are already reflected in consumers' purchase intention.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.108-116
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• 1991

Value Engineering has been recognized by many companies as a powerful and innovative techniques approach for cost down and improvement in function of product and service. Functional evaluation is the most important progress in VE activities. But it is often difficult to evaluate the function of a certain subject because the evaluation of function is very vague. This paper presents a new functional evaluation method using fuzzy theory. The purpose of this proposed method is the improvement in the precision of functional evaluation.