• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.493-498
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to make growth and yield models for common ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) using expolinear functional equations in a closed-type plant production system. Three-band radiation type fluorescent lamps with a 12-hours photoperiod were used, and the light intensity was $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. Nutrient film systems with three layers were used for plant growth. Environmental conditions, such as air temperature, relative humidity and $CO_2$ concentration were controlled by an ON/OFF operation. Leaf area, shoot fresh and dry weights, light use efficiency of common ice plant as function of days after transplanting, accumulative temperature and accumulative radiation were analyzed. Leaf area, shoot fresh and dry weights per area were described using an expolinear equation. A linear relationship between shoot dry and fresh weights was observed. Light use efficiency of common ice plant was $3.3g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$ at 30 days after transplanting. It is concluded that the expolinear growth model can be a useful tool for quantifying the growth and yield of common ice plant in a closed plant production system.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

The world largest land reclamation project in the name of Saemangeum(Ariul) from 1991 to the present has been implementing in a part of the west coast of Korea. In the Saemangeum reclamation project, the large-scale project cost is used for the landfill reclamation. A number of landfill reclamation methods have been studied in order to reduce the large-scale cost of the Saemangeum project under construction. There are many studies related to the on-site real-time monitoring with mobile systems for operating a wide range of landfill. In order to apply the work method for efficient cost-savings in the landfill operations to the Samangeum project, this paper develops a mobile management system that is composed of a mobile interface module, a data server module for data transmission and storage, and an analysis server module to analyze the input data and derive the results. The mobile system is designed by analysing user's and system requirements, functional interactions, and data flow using unified modeling language(UML). The user interface is developed for the on-site real-time monitoring through the status and related attributes of land reclamation by using the digital maps of the Samangeum coverage via mobile devices. Finally, a mobile management system would be developed that can provide a 3D GIS service based on the Dry Internal Project Site Digging Reclamation Method(DIPSDRM).

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.177-182
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• 2010

The flow of a universal system-level design methodology consists of system specification, system-level hardware/software partitioning, co-design, co-verification using virtual or physical prototype, and system integration. In the developing process of a hardware component in system, the design phase has been regarded as a phase consuming lots of time and cost. However, the verification phase in which functionality of the designed component is verified has recently been considered as a much important phase. In this paper, the implementation of a verification environment which is based on SystemC infrastructure and verifies the functionality of a hardware component is described. The proposed verification system uses SystemC user-defined channel as communication interface between variables of SystemC module and registers of Verilog module. The functional verification of an UART is performed on the proposed verification system. SystemC provides class library for hardware modeling and has an advantage of being able to design a system consisting hardware and software in higher abstraction level than register transfer level. Source codes of SystemC modules are reusable with a minor adaptation on verifying functionality of another hardware component.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.217-228
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• 2016

To generate a biobetter that has improved therapeutic activity, we constructed scFv libraries via random mutagenesis of several residues of CDR-H3 and -L3 of hu4D5. The scFv clones were isolated from the phage display libraries by stringent panning, and their antiproliferative activity against HER2-positive cancer cells was evaluated as a primary selection criterion. Consequently, we selected AH06 as a biobetter antibody that had a 7.2-fold increase in anti-proliferative activity ($IC_{50}$: 0.81 nM) against the gastric cancer cell line NCI-N87 and a 7.4-fold increase in binding affinity ($K_D$: 60 pM) to HER2 compared to hu4D5. The binding energy calculation and molecular modeling suggest that the substitution of residues of CDR-H3 to W98, F100c, A101 and L102 could stabilize binding of the antibody to HER2 and there could be direct hydrophobic interactions between the aromatic ring of W98 and the aliphatic group of I613 within HER2 domain IV as well as the heavy and light chain hydrophobic interactions by residues F100c, A101 and L102 of CDR-H3. Therefore, we speculate that two such interactions were exerted by the residues W98 and F100c. A101 and L102 may have a synergistic effect on the increase in the binding affinity to HER2. AH06 specifically binds to domain IV of HER2, and it decreased the phosphorylation level of HER2 and AKT. Above all, it highly increased the overall level of p27 compared to hu4D5 in the gastric cancer cell line NCIN82, suggesting that AH06 could potentially be a more efficient therapeutic agent than hu4D5.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.902-915
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• 2017

In recent years, mobile devices have become increasingly multi-functional and high performance, resulting in a dramatical increase in processing speed. On the other hand, the size of device is reduced, circuits inside the device are more easily exposed to electromagnetic interference radiated from antenna or adjacent circuits, degrading the system performance. To prevent this, it is necessary to design the device considering the electromagnetic characteristics with EM simulation at the design stage of product. However, the EM simulation takes a long analysis time and require high-level system resources for fast analysis. In this paper, an equivalent circuit modeling method for a round wire is proposed using a PEEC method and the electromagnetic coupling from a dipole antenna to a transmission line is analyzed in frequency domain. And compared with the result of electromagnetic simulator. As a result, PEEC method shows good agreement with those of electromagnetic simulation, in a much more short time.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.133-146
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• 2004

Diagrams have been deeply and widely used for supporting effective communication relating to design information and knowledge in most design fields. The results show that their role expands to "developmental design material" increasing the principle and method of design process. It's recent trend that Digital-Diagrams are aggressively used in multimedia design fields such as web contents, interactive movies and DVD Titles in order to support user's information understanding more effectively and to stimulate user's participation in information acquiring process. This study aims to clarify the essence of digital diagram corresponding to infographic material in multimedia design and application of multimedia contents development process . This study purpose leads to argue the substance of Digital-Diagrams as one of infographic types and identity of Digital-Diagrams which is relatively compared to existing Diagrams. Eventually, this study examines the application issues of Digital-Diagrams in multimedia design process. Regarding the identity of Digital-Diagrams, they are functionally utilized depending on hypertext based on language forms and interactivity based on graphical forms as core attributes. Therefore, they semantically enlarge user s information understanding by segmenting hierarchy of information expression and rather support user s acquisition of information control ability. Relating to multimedia design process, Digital-Diagrams are used by information designers and navigation designers as method for ‘modeling for realization based on information acquisition support for information-users. Especially, the study results show that the applications of Digital-Diagrams are performed for information representing methods for information designers and embodiment of useful functional factors of interface for navigation designersgation designers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.5989-5997
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify consumers' perceived consumption values and to examine the causal relationship between perceived consumption values, brand identification, emotional Absorption and behavioral commitment. Undergraduate students(N=210) were participated in the survey and the structural equation modeling was utilized for data analysis. The results of this study show that; first, psychological value and personality value have positive effects on brand identification but there was no significant relationship between functional value and brand identification; second, brand identification have positive effects on emotional commitment and behavioral commitment; third, the relationship between emotional commitment and behavioral commitment was not significant; fourth, the effect of psychological value on brand identification was higher than the effect of personality value on brand identification. Based on these results, several recommendations for company are discussed and future research directions are outlined.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.18-28
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• 2009

Both feasibility and accuracy of lumped approach to group 12 organic compounds in mixtures into a fewer number of pseudocompounds in sorption processes were evaluated using mixtures containing organic compounds with various physicochemical properties and low-surface-area mineral sorbents. The lumped approach for sorption to simulated mineral sorbents was developed by cluster analysis from statistics. Using the lumped approach, the sorption estimated from both reduced number of pseudocompounds and their sorption parameters (i.e., $K_f$, n) can approximate sorption behavior of complex organic mixtures. Additionally, the pseudocompounds for various mixtures to different types of low-surface-area mineral sorbents can be estimated a priori from the physicochemical properties of organic compound (i.e., ${\gamma_w}^{sat}$). Therefore, the lumped approach may help to simplify the complex fate and transport model of organic contaminant mixtures, reduce experimental efforts, and yet provide results that are statistically identical for practical purposes. Further research is warranted to enhance the accuracy of lumped approach using the multiple regression analysis considering the H-bonding capacity, site concentrations, functional groups for mineral sorbents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2005

In this study, we suggested a new approach method forecasting distribution demand of urban rail transit usign fuzzy control, with intend to reflect irregularity and various functional relationship between trip length and distribution demand. To establish fuzzy control model and test this model, the actual trip volume(production, attraction and distribution volume) and trip length (space distance between a departure and arrival station) of Daegu subway line 1 were used. Firstly, usign these data we established a fuzzy control model, nd the estimation accuracy of the model was examined and compared with that of generalized gravity model. The results showed that the fuzzy control model was superior to gravity model in accuracy of estimation. Therefore, wwe found that fuzzy control was able to be applied as a effective method to predict the distribution demand of urban rail transit. Finally, to increase the estimation precision of the model, we expect studies that define membership functions and set up fuzzy rules organized with neural networks.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2010

Black ginger, obtained from steaming and drying process, provides the various functional properties. This study was performed to investigate the optimum processing conditions for black ginger with high content of biologically active substance such as anti-oxidations. Optimum processing conditions such as temperature and time for black ginger was determined by response surface methodology (RSM) with manufacturing process and functionality. The optimum steaming condition was determined 6 hours at 93.2$^{\circ}C$, and 82.7 mg/L DPPH scavenging activities was obtained at this condition. The black ginger drink was made with black ginger extracts, Japanese apricot, and honey. Interaction effects of these ingredients were investigated by modified distance based on design and analyzed by linear, nonlinear regression model, and RSM. The optimization of mixture ratio was made by statistical modeling using DPPH scavenging activities and sensory properties which are the important target constraints in drink. Total flavonoids showed a linear canonical form, while preference and antiradical activity showed a nonlinear canonical form indicating the higher interaction among mixtures. The response trace plot revealed that antiradical activity, sensory properties and total flavonoids were quite sensitive to the drink blending. The optimum formulation of the drink was set at 14.2% of black ginger extracts, 5% of Japanese apricot, and 10.8% honey.